Association between parental supervision and bullying victimization and perpetration in Brazilian adolescents, Brazilian National Survey of Student’s Health 2015

Figueira, Marcelle de Paula; Okada, Letícia Martins; Leite, Tatiana Henriques; Azeredo, Catarina Machado; Marques, Emanuele Souza

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Brasil

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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Brasil

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Original Article • Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 31 (1) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-49742022000100025 copy

Association between parental supervision and bullying victimization and perpetration in Brazilian adolescents, Brazilian National Survey of Student’s Health 2015

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To analyze the association between parental supervision characteristics and different bullying roles among Brazilian adolescent school students.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study using data from the National School Student Health Survey (PeNSE) 2015. Frequent meals with parents/guardians, knowing about students’ free time activities and checking their homework were the parental practices assessed. Logistic regression was used for association between these practices and bullying (perpetration and victimization), presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Results:

Among 102,072 school students, frequent meals with parents or guardians [OR_victim = 0.86 (95%CI 0.84;0.89); OR_perp = 0.85 (95%CI 0.82;0.88)], checking homework [OR_victim = 0.95 (95%CI 0.92;0.97); OR_perp = 0.76 (95%CI - 0.74;0.78)], and parents’ or guardians’ knowledge about students’ free time activities [OR_perp = 0.70 (95%CI 0.68;0.73] were inversely associated with bullying.

Conclusion:

Greater parental supervision reduced the odds of bullying victimization and perpetration among adolescent school students.

Keywords:
Parent-Child Relations; Parenting; Bullying; Adolescent; Observational Study

Variables	n	% (95%CI^a)
Age (in years)
<15	68,871	69.3 (68.2;70.3)
≥15	33,201	30.7 (29.7;31.8)
Sex
Male	42,290	48.7 (48.1;49.3)
Female	52,782	51.3 (50.7;51.9)
Race/skin color
White	33,775	36.1 (35.1;37.2)
Black	12,849	13.4 (12.9;13.9)
Yellow	4,580	4.1 (3.9;4.4)
Brown/mixed	46,935	43.1 (42.2;43.9)
Native Brazilian Indigenous	3,825	3.3 (3.1;3.5)
Lives with mother
No	11,543	10.1 (9.7;10.4)
Yes	90,458	89.9 (89.6;90.3)
Lives with father
No	38,341	36.3 (35.6;37.0)
Yes	63,600	63.7 (63.0;64.4)
Lives with both parents
No	43,367	40.7 (40.0;41.5)
Yes	58,669	59.3 (58.5;60.0)
Type of school
Public	81,154	85.5 (83.4;87.5)
Private	20,918	14.5 (12.5;16.6)
Frequency of meals with parents or legal guardians
≤2 times a week	23,980	22.6 (22.0;23.2)
3-4 times a week	3,963	3.5 (3.3;3.7)
≥5 times a week	74,129	73.9 (73.3;74.6)
Parents or legal guardians know about school students’ free time activities
Never	11,057	10.8 (10.4;11.3)
Rarely	8,884	8.7 (8.3;9.0)
Sometimes/most of the time/always	82,131	80.5 (79.9;81.1)
Parents or legal guardians check homework
Never	26,191	25.1 (24.5;25.7)
Rarely	19,836	19.0 (18.5;19.5)
Sometimes/most of the time/always	56,045	55.9 (55.1;56.5)
Victimization due to bullying
No	56,584	53.4 (52.7;54.1)
Yes	44,921	46.6 (45.9;47.3)
Perpetration of bullying
No	82,595	80.2 (79.7;80.8)
Yes	19,002	19.8 (19.2;20.3)

Variables	Victimization due to bullying		Perpetration of bullying
Variables	n	% (95%CI^a)	n	% (95%CI^a)
Age (in years)
<15	31,366	72.2 (71.1;73.3)	12,273	66.7 (65.0;68.3)
≥15	13,555	27.8 (26.7;28.9)	6,729	33.3 (31.7;35.0)
Sex
Male	22,035	49.4 (48.4;50.3)	11,399	59.5 (58.2;60.9)
Female	22,886	50.6 (49.7;51.6)	7,603	40.5 (39.1;41.9)
Race/skin color
White	14,848	36.6 (35.3;37.9)	5,960	35.7 (34.0;37.5)
Black	5,593	13.2 (12.5;13.8)	2,670	14.5 (13.5;15.6)
Asian	2,148	4.2 (3.9;4.5)	962	4.4 (3.9;4.9)
Brown/mixed	20,536	42.6 (41.4;43.7)	8,620	42.0 (40.4;43.6)
Native Brazilian Indigenons	1,763	3.4 (3.2;3.9)	775	3.4 (3.0;3.9)
Lives with mother
No	5,184	10.1 (9.5;10.6)	2,403	10.9 (10.1;11.8)
Yes	39,719	89.9 (89.4;90.5)	16,587	89.1 (88.2;89.9)
Lives with father
No	7,250	36.9 (35.9;37.9)	7,755	39.8 (38.5;41.2)
Yes	7,633	63.1 (62.2;64.1)	1,230	60.2 (58.8;61.5)
Type of school
Public	5,216	85.0 (82.5;87.1)	14,927	84.4 (81.7;86.8)
Private	1,407	15.0 (12.9;17.5)	16,800	15.6 (13.2;18.3)

Parental supervision characteristics	Victimization due to bullying				Perpetration of bullying
	Crude		Adjusted^c		Crude		Adjusted^c
	OR^a (95%CI^b)	p-value^d	OR^a (95%CI^b)	p-value^d	OR^a (95%CI^b)	p-value^d	OR^a (95%CI^b)	p-value^d
Frequently has meals with parents or legal guardians	0.89 (0.85;0.89)	<0.001	0.86 (0.84;0.89)	<0.001	0.84 (0.81;0.87)	<0.001	0.85 (0.82;0.88)	<0.001
Parents or legal guardians know about school students’ free time activities	1.04 (1.00;1.09)	0.035	1.02 (0.98;1.06)	0.260	0.70 (0.67;0.73)	<0.001	0.70 (0.68;0.73)	<0.001
Parents or legal guardians check homework	0.95 (0.93;0.98)	<0.001	0.95 (0.92;0.97)	<0.001	0.75 (0.73;0.78)	<0.001	0.76 (0.74;0.78)	<0.001

Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 61 3315-3464, Fax: +55 61 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: ress.svs@gmail.com

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[1] Correspondence:
Emanuele Souza Marques. emanuelesm.ims@gmail.com