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Bicentennial of Independence 3 times 22: Ideas of a modern and sovereign Brazil circa 1822, 1922 and 2022

ABSTRACT

The idea of a sovereign and modern Brazil, so prominent in essay-writing, academic research and the collective imagination, comprises a vast horizon of common aspirations that has cyclically promised a prosperous future, until being confronted by the complexity of today’s challenges, on the eve of the second centenary of Brazil’s Independence. The article questions the revisions of the ideas of sovereignty and modernization among essay writers and in historical and economic thought.

KEYWORDS:
Independence; Sovereignty; Modernization; Essay-writing

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