The first record of the deep-sea jellyfish <i>Stygiomedusa gigantea</i> (Scyphozoa: Semaeostomeae) from the tropical Southwestern Atlantic found on social media

We provide the first record of the giant deep-sea jellyfish Stygiomedusa gigantea (Browne, 1910) from the tropical Southwestern Atlantic, based on a posting made on social media. The image was found during data filtering through the hashtag #aguavivagigante (in English, #giantjellyfish) on Instagram. The jellyfish was seen floating motionless at the surface, presumed dead, off Bahia, Northeast Brazil (12°34’39”S; 38°00’19”W), on August 23^rd, 2016. Pygmy killer whales, Feresa attenuata Gray, 1874, were observed in the intermediate area and apparently interacting with the jellyfish. Observations of S. gigantea usually come from submersibles and ROVs. This is the first record extracted from social media, highlighting its potential use to complement information based on traditional scientific methods, and expanding the known geographic distribution of jellyfish. With the growth and development of social media in the coming years, we highlight its potential as a data source from citizen science. We also expect that social media will increasingly contribute to the knowledge of remarkable but poorly known species such as S. gigantea.

KEY WORDS:
Citizen science; iEcology; Instagram; Medusae

Authorship

Lorena S. Nascimento

Design

Literature review and discussion

Data collection

Writing - original draft

Writing - review and editing

Centro de Estudos do Mar, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Avenida Beira Mar, Pontal do Sul, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.Universidade Federal do ParanáBrazilPontal do Paraná, PR, BrazilCentro de Estudos do Mar, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Avenida Beira Mar, Pontal do Sul, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1622-8627

Maria Angélica Haddad

Design

Literature review and discussion

Writing - review and editing

Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Avenida Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos 100, 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. (mahaddad@ufpr.br)Universidade Federal do ParanáBrazilCuritiba, PR, BrazilDepartamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Avenida Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos 100, 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. (mahaddad@ufpr.br)

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0485-6116

Miodeli Nogueira Júnior

Design

Literature review and discussion

Writing - review and editing

Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Paraíba. Cidade Universitária, 58051-090 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. (miodeli@gmail.com)Universidade Federal do ParaíbaBrazilJoão Pessoa, PB, BrazilDepartamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Paraíba. Cidade Universitária, 58051-090 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. (miodeli@gmail.com)

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5409-8312

Corresponding author: Lorena S. Nascimento (lorena.sn@ufpr.br)

Editorial responsibility

Rosana M. da Rocha

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (2)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Image of Syigiomedusa gigantea individuals observed in (A) Brazil, 12°34’39”S, 38°00’19”W, at the water surface, present study; (B) Gulf of Mexico, 26°12.483’N, 91°26.583’W, at 1747 m, from Benfield and Graham (2010Benfield MC, Graham WM (2010) In situ observations of Stygiomedusa gigantea in the Gulf of Mexico with a review of its global distribution and habitat. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90(6): 1079-1093. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315410000536
https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531541000053... ); (C) Gulf of California, 25°27.220’N, 109°50.170’, at 1300 m, from Drazen and Robinson (2004Drazen JC, Robison BH (2004) Direct observations of the association between a deep-sea fish and a giant scyphomedusa. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 37(3): 209-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/10236240400006190
https://doi.org/10.1080/1023624040000619... ). The scale (= 1 m) is only applicable for Fig. 1A.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Global distribution of documented records of Stygiomedusa gigantea in the literature. Sources: 1) Benfield and Graham (2010Benfield MC, Graham WM (2010) In situ observations of Stygiomedusa gigantea in the Gulf of Mexico with a review of its global distribution and habitat. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90(6): 1079-1093. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315410000536
https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531541000053... ); 2) Parker et al. (2011Parker ML, Donnelly J, Torres JJ (2011) Invertebrate micronekton and macrozooplankton in the Marguerite Bay region of the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Deep Sea Research Part II. Topical Studies in Oceanography 58(13-16): 1580-1598., 2015Parker ML, Fraser WR, Ashford J, Patarnello T, Zane L, Torres JJ (2015) Assemblages of micronektonic fishes and invertebrates in a gradient of regional warming along the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Journal of Marine Systems 152: 18-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2015.07.005
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2015.0... ); 3) Tarling et al. (2012Tarling GA, Stowasser G, Ward P, Poulton AJ, Zhou M, Venables HJ, McGilld RAR, Murphy EJ (2012) Seasonal trophic structure of the Scotia Sea pelagic ecosystem considered through biomass spectra and stable isotope analysis. Deep Sea Research Part II. Topical Studies in Oceanography 59-60: 222-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2011.07.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2011.07.0... ); 4) Gasca and Loman-Ramos (2014Gasca R, Loman-Ramos L (2014) Biodiversidad de Medusozoa (Cubozoa, Scyphozoa e Hydrozoa) en México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: S154-S163. https://doi.org/10.7550/rmb.32513
https://doi.org/10.7550/rmb.32513... ); 5) Schiariti et al. (2018Schiariti A, Dutto MS, Morandini AC, Nagata RM, Pereyra DY, Tapia FAP, Briz LD, Genzano G (2018) An overview of the Medusozoa from the Southwestern Atlantic. In: Hoffmeyer MS, Sabatini ME, Brandini FP, Calliari DL, Santinelli NH (Eds) Plankton Ecology of the Southwestern Atlantic. Springer-Verlag, Cham, 413-449.); 6) Schnabel et al. (2021Schnabel KE, Mills VS, Tracey DM, Macpherson D, Kelly M, Peart RA, et al. (2021) Identification of benthic invertebrate samples from research trawls and observer trips, 2020-21. New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report 269(51): 1-51.); 7) Moore et al. (2023Moore DM, Flink AE, Prendergast E, Gilbert A (2023) Personal submersibles offer novel ecological research access to Antarctic waters: an example, with observations of the rarely encountered scyphozoan Stygiomedusa gigantea. Polar Research 42: 8873. https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v42.8873
https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v42.8873... ); 8) present study.

Figure 1 Image of Syigiomedusa gigantea individuals observed in (A) Brazil, 12°34’39”S, 38°00’19”W, at the water surface, present study; (B) Gulf of Mexico, 26°12.483’N, 91°26.583’W, at 1747 m, from Benfield and Graham (2010Benfield MC, Graham WM (2010) In situ observations of Stygiomedusa gigantea in the Gulf of Mexico with a review of its global distribution and habitat. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90(6): 1079-1093. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315410000536
https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531541000053... ); (C) Gulf of California, 25°27.220’N, 109°50.170’, at 1300 m, from Drazen and Robinson (2004Drazen JC, Robison BH (2004) Direct observations of the association between a deep-sea fish and a giant scyphomedusa. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 37(3): 209-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/10236240400006190
https://doi.org/10.1080/1023624040000619... ). The scale (= 1 m) is only applicable for Fig. 1A.

Figure 2 Global distribution of documented records of Stygiomedusa gigantea in the literature. Sources: 1) Benfield and Graham (2010Benfield MC, Graham WM (2010) In situ observations of Stygiomedusa gigantea in the Gulf of Mexico with a review of its global distribution and habitat. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90(6): 1079-1093. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315410000536
https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531541000053... ); 2) Parker et al. (2011Parker ML, Donnelly J, Torres JJ (2011) Invertebrate micronekton and macrozooplankton in the Marguerite Bay region of the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Deep Sea Research Part II. Topical Studies in Oceanography 58(13-16): 1580-1598., 2015Parker ML, Fraser WR, Ashford J, Patarnello T, Zane L, Torres JJ (2015) Assemblages of micronektonic fishes and invertebrates in a gradient of regional warming along the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Journal of Marine Systems 152: 18-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2015.07.005
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2015.0... ); 3) Tarling et al. (2012Tarling GA, Stowasser G, Ward P, Poulton AJ, Zhou M, Venables HJ, McGilld RAR, Murphy EJ (2012) Seasonal trophic structure of the Scotia Sea pelagic ecosystem considered through biomass spectra and stable isotope analysis. Deep Sea Research Part II. Topical Studies in Oceanography 59-60: 222-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2011.07.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2011.07.0... ); 4) Gasca and Loman-Ramos (2014Gasca R, Loman-Ramos L (2014) Biodiversidad de Medusozoa (Cubozoa, Scyphozoa e Hydrozoa) en México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: S154-S163. https://doi.org/10.7550/rmb.32513
https://doi.org/10.7550/rmb.32513... ); 5) Schiariti et al. (2018Schiariti A, Dutto MS, Morandini AC, Nagata RM, Pereyra DY, Tapia FAP, Briz LD, Genzano G (2018) An overview of the Medusozoa from the Southwestern Atlantic. In: Hoffmeyer MS, Sabatini ME, Brandini FP, Calliari DL, Santinelli NH (Eds) Plankton Ecology of the Southwestern Atlantic. Springer-Verlag, Cham, 413-449.); 6) Schnabel et al. (2021Schnabel KE, Mills VS, Tracey DM, Macpherson D, Kelly M, Peart RA, et al. (2021) Identification of benthic invertebrate samples from research trawls and observer trips, 2020-21. New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report 269(51): 1-51.); 7) Moore et al. (2023Moore DM, Flink AE, Prendergast E, Gilbert A (2023) Personal submersibles offer novel ecological research access to Antarctic waters: an example, with observations of the rarely encountered scyphozoan Stygiomedusa gigantea. Polar Research 42: 8873. https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v42.8873
https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v42.8873... ); 8) present study.

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The first record of the deep-sea jellyfish <i>Stygiomedusa gigantea</i> (Scyphozoa: Semaeostomeae) from the tropical Southwestern Atlantic found on social media

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[1] Corresponding author: Lorena S. Nascimento (lorena.sn@ufpr.br)