Coprodução do plano público de desenvolvimento com base em princípios slow: um esquema analítico por meio da pesquisa-ação

Emmendoerfer, Magnus Luiz; Fraga, Brendow de Oliveira; Ashton, Mary Sandra Guerra

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Scientific article • urbe, Rev. Bras. Gest. Urbana 13 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-3369.013.e20210020 copiar

Coprodução do plano público de desenvolvimento com base em princípios slow: um esquema analítico por meio da pesquisa-ação

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar e refletir sobre as evidências de um plano de desenvolvimento baseado na coprodução da população e do governo de um município de pequeno porte, com base nos princípios do Movimento Slow City (SCM). Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. A principal estratégia norteadora da pesquisa, consistiu no método da pesquisa-ação realizada no município de Rio Doce, em Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os resultados mostram que o espaço de diálogo entre a população e o governo foi relevante e permitiu a coprodução de um planejamento municipal com micro e macro elementos e dentro dos princípios da cidade slow. Também foram incluídas as práticas tradicionais ligadas à cultura com o uso dos recursos ambientais locais, envolvendo o saber popular, as tecnologias de origem social e o conhecimento do cotidiano da comunidade em um projeto de futuro almejado pela população.

Palavras-chave:
Coprodução; Planejamento Público; Cidade Slow; Método da Pesquisa-Ação; Desenvolvimento Sustentável Local

Coproduction
Analytical categories	Empirical evidence
Voluntary efforts Brandsen and Honingh (2016)	All members of the committee contributed with individual efforts in the planning and implementation of actions, within their own possibilities, on a voluntary basis, aiming at the construction of the common good. Those involved organized themselves for the distribution of suggestion boxes in the city, for the distribution of pamphlets, in order to prospect people for the initiative, as well as giving their contribution in the process of building the plan, with interventions, opinions, analyzes and information.
Planning process Flyvbjerg (1998Flyvbjerg, B. (1998). Rationality and power: Democracy in practice. Chicago: University of Chicago.) Forester (2018Forester, J. (2018). Planning in the Face of Power. In J. Stein (Ed.), Classic Readings in Urban Planning (p. 165-179). New York: Routledge.) Matus (1993Matus, C. (1993). Política, planejamento & governo. Brasília: IPEA.)	Although the planning process was mostly conducted and written by the author of the present work, for technical reasons, the information and the richness of the analyzes were due to the perceptions and propositions of the members of society who presented the real vision of the users public services, pointing out the most relevant problems and the most urgent issues. This type of sharing makes public actions and policies much more effective, as they base the plan's orientation on the citizen's perspective.
Communication Forester (2018Forester, J. (2018). Planning in the Face of Power. In J. Stein (Ed.), Classic Readings in Urban Planning (p. 165-179). New York: Routledge.) Thiollent (2011)	As described in the methodological procedures of the present work, there is a strong influence of argumentation theory in action research, a fact that allows a more dialogical approach in the placement of problems and research themes. In this sense, throughout the process, asymmetries in the communication process had to be mitigated constantly, since many of the limitations of popular adherence to the project, were initially pointed out as an effect of the inefficiency of the communicative process, whether in the message in itself, inaccessible to the interlocutors, or in the choices of channels, as in the use of the internet, since the citizens of the rural area, as well as older citizens are indifferent to this media in the analyzed municipality.
Sharing power and responsibilities Flyvbjerg (1998Flyvbjerg, B. (1998). Rationality and power: Democracy in practice. Chicago: University of Chicago.) Salm (2014Salm, J. F. (2014). Coprodução de bens e serviços públicos. In R. Boullosa (Org.). Dicionário para a formação em gestão social (p. 48-50). Salvador: CIAGS/UFBA.)	The government, when opening its doors to an initiative of this magnitude, shared with the citizens, the responsibility to project a desired future for the city, as well as the power of decision on courses of action to be followed. It is recognized, however, that there is a public agenda to be respected, which can often differ with the objectives of the research. However, by giving citizens the opportunity to use an institutional space of speech of this nature, democracy is strengthened.

Criterion	Verification in the research applied
It enables significant level of involvement.	The social mobilization meetings were public, in an open space accessible to the entire population and previously published in the local media. This allowed people who were interested to volunteer for the initiative and compose the working group.
It empowers people in performing tasks.	All coproduced documents, analysis techniques such as the Tree of Problems and analyses of the local context, had a previous training session, an explanation of how to do and lessons on the benefit of the initiative for public administration and the community. In addition, several training sessions were held to explain the Slow movement as a development model.
It supports people to learn to act with autonomy.	Long-term autonomy and self-management capacity was one of the initiative's main objectives. In this regard, the importance of institutionalizing the group to maintain the practices developed is emphasized.
It strengthens plans and activities that people are able to carry out on their own.	Any citizen could individually analyze public problems and refer them to the city hall. However, when this analysis is collective, systematized and shared in a group movement, the voice of users of public goods and services is amplified.
It deals more directly with people than through representatives or agents.	The statements that through the committee, a more spontaneous and more authentic participation was experienced by those involved, evidence that the researcher was able to create the conditions for direct involvement and interaction with the project volunteers.

Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155. Prédio da Administração - 6°andar, 80215-901 - Curitiba - PR, 55 41 3271-1701 - Curitiba - PR - Brazil
E-mail: urbe@pucpr.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Editor:

Rodrigo Firmino

		Locus of coproduction		Towards cocreation (or codestruction) of value
		Individual service	Service System
Nature of coproduction	Involuntary	I. coproduction	III. coconstruction
Nature of coproduction	Voluntary	II. codesign	IV. coinnovation