COMPETENCIAS PARA PRÁCTICAS DE EVACUACIÓN AEROMÉDICA EN EMERGENCIAS Y DESASTRES: REVISIÓN DEL ALCANCE

Haberland, Débora Fernanda; Silva, Thiago Augusto Soares Monteiro da; Kneodler, Thais da Silva; Guilherme, Fábio José de Almeida; Borges, Letícia Lima; Oliveira, Alexandre Barbosa de

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Literature Review • Texto contexto - enferm. 32 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2022-0315en copiar

COMPETENCIAS PARA PRÁCTICAS DE EVACUACIÓN AEROMÉDICA EN EMERGENCIAS Y DESASTRES: REVISIÓN DEL ALCANCE

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo:

mapear las competencias desarrolladas en estrategias de formación en prácticas de transporte aéreo de pacientes, ante situaciones de emergencia y desastres con agentes químicos, biológicos, radiológicos y nucleares (QBRN).

Método:

una revisión de alcance estructurada de acuerdo con las recomendaciones del JBI y la lista de verificación Elementos de informe preferidos para revisiones sistemáticas y la extensión Metanalyses para revisiones de alcance. El estudio se realizó en cinco etapas: búsqueda de fuentes en 17 bases de datos, un portal de información y dos repositorios de literatura gris, utilizando 125 descriptores DeCS, MeSH y Emtree, sin recorte temporal e idiomático; selección; lectura crítica de los textos seleccionados por dos revisores doble ciego; resumen de resultados y presentación de competencias mapeadas.

Resultados:

se analizaron 878 estudios, de los cuales 18 compusieron la muestra. En total, se mapearon 11 competencias, con énfasis en el dominio de formación técnica. Las competencias se refieren especialmente al conocimiento técnico-científico en situaciones de desastres que involucran a agentes QBRN y la seguridad de los pacientes y profesionales involucrados.

Conclusión:

la operacionalización de artificios para mejorar los procesos de calificación basados en competencias demostró ser estratégica para aumentar la calidad y seguridad de las prácticas de transporte aéreo de pacientes. El abordaje de las fuentes sobre aspectos específicos de las particularidades de las prácticas relacionadas con emergencias y desastres que involucran a agentes QBRN en los procesos de formación/capacitación demuestra el esfuerzo académico por promover la reducción del riesgo de estos eventos cuando, en su momento, se activan las instituciones civiles y militares y sus operadores de salud.

DESCRIPTORES:
Desastres; Ambulancias aéreo; Transporte aéreo; Equipos Humanos; Preparación ante desastres; Enseñanza; Educación basada en competencias

Title	Author/year	Source	Research binding institution	Country	Authors’ institution type	Type	Language
Case study of medical evacuation before and after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in the great east Japan earthquake	Okumura and Tokuno (2015)99. Okumura T, Tokuno S. Case study of medical evacuation before and after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in the great east Japan earthquake. Disaster Mil Med [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Jan 15];1:19.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40696-015-0009-9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40696-015-0009-...	Disaster Mil Med.	NBC Threat Countermeasures (Nuclear, Biological and Chemical), Japan’s Cabinet Secretariat National Security Affairs and Crisis Management	Japan	Government	Article	English
Evacuación sanitaria en condiciones de bioseguridad	Moya (2007)1313. Moya ACM. Evacuación sanitaria en condiciones de bioseguridad. Emergências [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2022 Apr 23];19(3):144-50.Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/ibc-053981 https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/reso...	Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts)	Military School of NBC Defense/Spain	Spain	Military	Article	Spanish
Review of Literature for Air Medical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport	Gibbs et al. (2019a)1414. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Need for Aeromedical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport Guidelines. Emerg Infect Dis. [Internet]. 2019a [cited 2022 Feb 27];25(5):1033-4.Available from: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948 https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948...	Air Medical Journal	Not identified	United States of America	Civil	Article	English
Ebola virus disease: preparedness and infection control lessons learned from two biocontainment units	Hewlett, Varkey, Smith, Ribner (2015)1515. Hewlett AL, Varkey JB, Smith PW, Ribner BS. Ebola virus disease: preparedness and infection control lessons learned from two biocontainment units. Curr Opin Infect Dis [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Feb 15];28(4):343-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000176 https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.000000000000...	Curr Opin Infect Dis.	University of Nebraska Medical Center	United States of America	Civil	Article	English
La aeroevacuación de pacientes con patología infecciosa potencialmente tansmisible	Azofra and Mendez (2001)1616. Azofra JA, Méndez A. La aeroevacuación de pacientes con patología infecciosa potencialmente tansmisible. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin [Internet]. 2001 [cited 2022 Jan 10];19(1):24-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0213-005X(01)72544-X https://doi.org/10.1016/S0213-005X(01)72...	Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín	Aerospace Medicine Instruction Center and Air Hospital	Spain	Military	Article	Espanhol
Doutrina de preparo e emprego da FAB em missões de transporte na defesa química, biológica, radiológica e nuclear (DCBRN)	Brasil (2014)1717. Brasil. Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica (BR). Diretriz do Comando da Aeronáutica (DCA) 1-6, de 07 de agosto de 2014. Doutrina de preparo e emprego da FAB em missões de transporte na defesa química, biológica, radiológica e nuclear (DQBRN) [Internet]. Brasília: Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica; 2014 [cited 2021 Dec 14].Available from: https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalcendoc/Busca/Download?codigoArquivo=6480 https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalc...	Diretriz do Cmd da Era DCA 1-6, de 07 de agosto de 2014	Brazilian Air Force	Brazil	Military	Legislation	Portuguese
Multiple Patients with Burn Injury Induced by a Chemical Explosion Managed by Physician-Staffed Helicopters	Kondo et al. (2019)1818. Kondo A, Jitsuiki K, Osaka H, Takeuchi I, Ishikawa K, Omori K, et al. Multiple Patients With Burn Injury Induced by a Chemical Explosion Managed by Physician-Staffed Helicopters. Disaster Med Public Health Prep [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 12];13(4):799-805.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150 https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150...	Disaster Med Public Health Prep.	Disaster Medical Research Center, Juntendo University, Shizuoka, Japan	Japan	Civil	Article	English
What clinical crew competencies and qualifications are required for helicopter emergency medical services? A review of the literature	Masterson et al. (2020)1919. Masterson S, Deasy C, Doyle M, Hennelly D, Knox S, Sorensen J. What clinical crew competencies and qualifications are required for helicopter emergency medical services? A review of the literature. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Mar 17];28(1):28.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722-z https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722...	Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med	Medical Directorate, National Ambulance Service, Dooradoyle -Ireland	Ireland	Civil	Article	English
Need for aeromedical evacuation high-level containment transport guidelines	Gibbs et al. (2019b)2222. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Review of Literature for Air Medical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport. Air Med J [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 24];38(5):359-65.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.00...	Emerg Infect Dis.	Not identified	United States of America	Civil	Article	English
Air evacuation of citizens during the COVID-19 Epidemic	Gomes et al. (2021)²³	Aerosp Med Hum Perform.	Instituto de Medicina Aeroespacial Brig Médico Roberto Teixeira	Brazil	Military	Article	English
H1N1 09 influenza-An aeromedical perspective	Lang and Croker (2010)2424. Lang JL, Croker K. H1N1 09 influenza - An aeromedical perspective. Australas Emerg Nurs J [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2021 Dec 19];13(3):53-60.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2010.05.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2010.05.0...	Australasian Emerg Nursing J.	Royal Air Medical Services, Queensland, Australia	Australia	Civil	Article	English
Enfermagem militar na “Operação Regresso ao Brasil”: evacuação aeromédica na pandemia do coronavírus	Borges et al. (2020)2525. Borges LL, Guimarães CCV, Aguiar BGC, Felipe LAF. Military Nursing in “Operation Return to Brazil”: aeromedical evacuation in the coronavirus pandemic. Rev Bras Enferm [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Dec 14];73(Suppl 2):e20200297.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0297 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0...	Rev Bras Enferm.	Brazilian Air Force	Brazil	Military	Article	Portuguese
A triage model for chemical warfare casualties	Khoshnevis et al. (2015)2626. Khoshnevis MA, Panahi Y, Ghanei M, Borna H, Sahebkar A, Aslani J. A Triage Model for Chemical Warfare Casualties. Trauma Mon [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Jan 14];20(3):e16211.Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26543836/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26543836...	Trauma Mon.	Faculty of Trauma, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Iran	Iran	Civil	Article	English
Ebola 2014 - New Challenges, New Global Response and Responsibility	Frieden et al. (2014)2727. Frieden TR, Damon I, Bell BP, Kenyon T, Nichol S. Ebola 2014-New Challenges, New Global Response and responsibility. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2022 Feb 23];371(13):1177-80.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1409903 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1409903...	New England J of Med	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta	United States of America	Civil	Article	English
Case report: agrichemicals complicating emergency helicopter transport of a farm worker	James and Clair (2004)2828. James P, St Clair MB. Case report: agrichemicals complicating emergency helicopter transport of a farm worker. J Agromedicine [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2022 Apr 12];9(2):49-55.Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19785205/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19785205...	J. Agromedicine	University at Buffalo-SUNY	United States of America	Civil	Article	English
Defesa química, biológica, nuclear e radiológica: o preparo da Força Aérea Brasileira para operações conjuntas trabalho	Camerini (2014)2929. Camerini E. Defesa Química, Biológica, Nuclear e Radiológica: O Preparo da Força Aérea Brasileira para Operações Conjuntas Trabalho [trabalho de conclusão de curso]. Rio de Janeiro: Escola Superior de Guerra; 2014 [cited 2022 Jan 14].Available from: https://repositorio.esg.br/bitstream/123456789/1354/1/Eduardo%20Serra%20Negra%20Camerini%20-%20Defesa%20Quimica%2c%20Biologica%2c%20Nu.pdf https://repositorio.esg.br/bitstream/123...	Repositório da Escola Sup de Guerra	Superior School of War of the Brazilian Army	Brazil	Military	Dissertation	Portuguese
Helicopter air ambulance services	Ruskin (2019)3030. Ruskin KJ. Helicopter air ambulance services. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Dec 17];32(2):252-6.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000000700 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.000000000000...	Curr Opin Anesthesiol	Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago	United States of America	Civil	Article	English
Should helicopters transport patients who become sick after a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive attack?	Yanagawa et al. (2018)3131. Yanagawa Y, Ishikawa K, Takeuchi I, Nagasawa H, Jitsuiki K, Ohsaka H, et al. Should Helicopters Transport Patients Who Become Sick After a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive Attack? Air Med J [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022 Feb 14];37(2):124-5.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2017.11.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2017.11.01...	Air Med J.	Japan firefighters	Japan	Civil	Article	English

Domains	Competencies	Sources
Safety	1. Uses instruments and personal protective equipment to ensure professional health and safety.	Azofra and Mendez (2001)1616. Azofra JA, Méndez A. La aeroevacuación de pacientes con patología infecciosa potencialmente tansmisible. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin [Internet]. 2001 [cited 2022 Jan 10];19(1):24-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0213-005X(01)72544-X https://doi.org/10.1016/S0213-005X(01)72...
		Brasil (2014)1717. Brasil. Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica (BR). Diretriz do Comando da Aeronáutica (DCA) 1-6, de 07 de agosto de 2014. Doutrina de preparo e emprego da FAB em missões de transporte na defesa química, biológica, radiológica e nuclear (DQBRN) [Internet]. Brasília: Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica; 2014 [cited 2021 Dec 14].Available from: https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalcendoc/Busca/Download?codigoArquivo=6480 https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalc...
		Gibbs et al. (2019b)2222. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Review of Literature for Air Medical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport. Air Med J [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 24];38(5):359-65.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.00...
		Hewlett et al. (2015)1515. Hewlett AL, Varkey JB, Smith PW, Ribner BS. Ebola virus disease: preparedness and infection control lessons learned from two biocontainment units. Curr Opin Infect Dis [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Feb 15];28(4):343-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000176 https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.000000000000...
		Kondo et al. (2018)1818. Kondo A, Jitsuiki K, Osaka H, Takeuchi I, Ishikawa K, Omori K, et al. Multiple Patients With Burn Injury Induced by a Chemical Explosion Managed by Physician-Staffed Helicopters. Disaster Med Public Health Prep [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 12];13(4):799-805.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150 https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150...
		Masterson (2020)1919. Masterson S, Deasy C, Doyle M, Hennelly D, Knox S, Sorensen J. What clinical crew competencies and qualifications are required for helicopter emergency medical services? A review of the literature. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Mar 17];28(1):28.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722-z https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722...
		Moya (2007)1313. Moya ACM. Evacuación sanitaria en condiciones de bioseguridad. Emergências [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2022 Apr 23];19(3):144-50.Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/ibc-053981 https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/reso...
		Okumura, Tokuno (2015)99. Okumura T, Tokuno S. Case study of medical evacuation before and after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in the great east Japan earthquake. Disaster Mil Med [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Jan 15];1:19.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40696-015-0009-9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40696-015-0009-...
	2. Develops safety culture.	Hewlett et al. (2015)1515. Hewlett AL, Varkey JB, Smith PW, Ribner BS. Ebola virus disease: preparedness and infection control lessons learned from two biocontainment units. Curr Opin Infect Dis [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Feb 15];28(4):343-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000176 https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.000000000000...
	2. Develops safety culture.	Ruskin (2019)3030. Ruskin KJ. Helicopter air ambulance services. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Dec 17];32(2):252-6.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000000700 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.000000000000...
Technical/ educational	3. Understands the defense system in CBRN events.	Brasil (2014)1717. Brasil. Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica (BR). Diretriz do Comando da Aeronáutica (DCA) 1-6, de 07 de agosto de 2014. Doutrina de preparo e emprego da FAB em missões de transporte na defesa química, biológica, radiológica e nuclear (DQBRN) [Internet]. Brasília: Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica; 2014 [cited 2021 Dec 14].Available from: https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalcendoc/Busca/Download?codigoArquivo=6480 https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalc...
		Kondo et al. (2018)1818. Kondo A, Jitsuiki K, Osaka H, Takeuchi I, Ishikawa K, Omori K, et al. Multiple Patients With Burn Injury Induced by a Chemical Explosion Managed by Physician-Staffed Helicopters. Disaster Med Public Health Prep [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 12];13(4):799-805.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150 https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150...
		Moya (2007)1313. Moya ACM. Evacuación sanitaria en condiciones de bioseguridad. Emergências [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2022 Apr 23];19(3):144-50.Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/ibc-053981 https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/reso...
	4. Responds to the specificities of CBRN events through strategically planned interventions, at different levels, offering control of contamination and damage to the health of vulnerable individuals, families and communities.	Brasil (2014)1717. Brasil. Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica (BR). Diretriz do Comando da Aeronáutica (DCA) 1-6, de 07 de agosto de 2014. Doutrina de preparo e emprego da FAB em missões de transporte na defesa química, biológica, radiológica e nuclear (DQBRN) [Internet]. Brasília: Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica; 2014 [cited 2021 Dec 14].Available from: https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalcendoc/Busca/Download?codigoArquivo=6480 https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalc...
		Camerini (2014)2929. Camerini E. Defesa Química, Biológica, Nuclear e Radiológica: O Preparo da Força Aérea Brasileira para Operações Conjuntas Trabalho [trabalho de conclusão de curso]. Rio de Janeiro: Escola Superior de Guerra; 2014 [cited 2022 Jan 14].Available from: https://repositorio.esg.br/bitstream/123456789/1354/1/Eduardo%20Serra%20Negra%20Camerini%20-%20Defesa%20Quimica%2c%20Biologica%2c%20Nu.pdf https://repositorio.esg.br/bitstream/123...
		Frieden (2014)2727. Frieden TR, Damon I, Bell BP, Kenyon T, Nichol S. Ebola 2014-New Challenges, New Global Response and responsibility. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2022 Feb 23];371(13):1177-80.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1409903 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1409903...
		Gibbs et al. (2019a)1414. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Need for Aeromedical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport Guidelines. Emerg Infect Dis. [Internet]. 2019a [cited 2022 Feb 27];25(5):1033-4.Available from: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948 https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948...
		Gibbs et al. (2019b)2222. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Review of Literature for Air Medical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport. Air Med J [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 24];38(5):359-65.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.00...
		Hewlett et al. (2015)1515. Hewlett AL, Varkey JB, Smith PW, Ribner BS. Ebola virus disease: preparedness and infection control lessons learned from two biocontainment units. Curr Opin Infect Dis [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Feb 15];28(4):343-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000176 https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.000000000000...
		James and Clair (2004)2828. James P, St Clair MB. Case report: agrichemicals complicating emergency helicopter transport of a farm worker. J Agromedicine [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2022 Apr 12];9(2):49-55.Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19785205/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19785205...
		Hewlett et al. (2015)1515. Hewlett AL, Varkey JB, Smith PW, Ribner BS. Ebola virus disease: preparedness and infection control lessons learned from two biocontainment units. Curr Opin Infect Dis [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Feb 15];28(4):343-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000176 https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.000000000000...
	5. Understands the importance of continuous training.	Azofra and Mendez (2001)1616. Azofra JA, Méndez A. La aeroevacuación de pacientes con patología infecciosa potencialmente tansmisible. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin [Internet]. 2001 [cited 2022 Jan 10];19(1):24-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0213-005X(01)72544-X https://doi.org/10.1016/S0213-005X(01)72...
		Kondo et al. (2018)1818. Kondo A, Jitsuiki K, Osaka H, Takeuchi I, Ishikawa K, Omori K, et al. Multiple Patients With Burn Injury Induced by a Chemical Explosion Managed by Physician-Staffed Helicopters. Disaster Med Public Health Prep [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 12];13(4):799-805.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150 https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150...
		Masterson (2020)1919. Masterson S, Deasy C, Doyle M, Hennelly D, Knox S, Sorensen J. What clinical crew competencies and qualifications are required for helicopter emergency medical services? A review of the literature. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Mar 17];28(1):28.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722-z https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722...
		Yanagawa et al. (2018)3131. Yanagawa Y, Ishikawa K, Takeuchi I, Nagasawa H, Jitsuiki K, Ohsaka H, et al. Should Helicopters Transport Patients Who Become Sick After a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive Attack? Air Med J [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022 Feb 14];37(2):124-5.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2017.11.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2017.11.01...
	6. Operates in the different scenarios of air transport practice for patients in emergency care.	Brasil (2014)1717. Brasil. Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica (BR). Diretriz do Comando da Aeronáutica (DCA) 1-6, de 07 de agosto de 2014. Doutrina de preparo e emprego da FAB em missões de transporte na defesa química, biológica, radiológica e nuclear (DQBRN) [Internet]. Brasília: Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica; 2014 [cited 2021 Dec 14].Available from: https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalcendoc/Busca/Download?codigoArquivo=6480 https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalc...
		Camerini (2014)2929. Camerini E. Defesa Química, Biológica, Nuclear e Radiológica: O Preparo da Força Aérea Brasileira para Operações Conjuntas Trabalho [trabalho de conclusão de curso]. Rio de Janeiro: Escola Superior de Guerra; 2014 [cited 2022 Jan 14].Available from: https://repositorio.esg.br/bitstream/123456789/1354/1/Eduardo%20Serra%20Negra%20Camerini%20-%20Defesa%20Quimica%2c%20Biologica%2c%20Nu.pdf https://repositorio.esg.br/bitstream/123...
		Gibbs et al. (2019b)2222. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Review of Literature for Air Medical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport. Air Med J [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 24];38(5):359-65.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.00...
		Gomes et al. (2022)2323. Gomes ED, Ronconi MABR, Santos MB, Pires Júnior P, Franco AZP, Haberland DF, et al. Air Evacuation of Citizens During the COVID-19 Epidemic. Aerosp Med Hum Perform [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Apr 20];93(2):94-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.3357/AMHP.5931.2022 https://doi.org/10.3357/AMHP.5931.2022...
		Kondo et al. (2018)1818. Kondo A, Jitsuiki K, Osaka H, Takeuchi I, Ishikawa K, Omori K, et al. Multiple Patients With Burn Injury Induced by a Chemical Explosion Managed by Physician-Staffed Helicopters. Disaster Med Public Health Prep [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 12];13(4):799-805.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150 https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150...
		Lang and Croker (2010)2424. Lang JL, Croker K. H1N1 09 influenza - An aeromedical perspective. Australas Emerg Nurs J [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2021 Dec 19];13(3):53-60.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2010.05.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2010.05.0...
		Masterson (2020)1919. Masterson S, Deasy C, Doyle M, Hennelly D, Knox S, Sorensen J. What clinical crew competencies and qualifications are required for helicopter emergency medical services? A review of the literature. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Mar 17];28(1):28.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722-z https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722...
		Okumura, Tokuno (2015)99. Okumura T, Tokuno S. Case study of medical evacuation before and after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in the great east Japan earthquake. Disaster Mil Med [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Jan 15];1:19.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40696-015-0009-9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40696-015-0009-...
		Ruskin (2019)3030. Ruskin KJ. Helicopter air ambulance services. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Dec 17];32(2):252-6.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000000700 https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.000000000000...
	7. Plans PAT.	Brasil (2014)1717. Brasil. Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica (BR). Diretriz do Comando da Aeronáutica (DCA) 1-6, de 07 de agosto de 2014. Doutrina de preparo e emprego da FAB em missões de transporte na defesa química, biológica, radiológica e nuclear (DQBRN) [Internet]. Brasília: Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica; 2014 [cited 2021 Dec 14].Available from: https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalcendoc/Busca/Download?codigoArquivo=6480 https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalc...
		Borges et al. (2020)2525. Borges LL, Guimarães CCV, Aguiar BGC, Felipe LAF. Military Nursing in “Operation Return to Brazil”: aeromedical evacuation in the coronavirus pandemic. Rev Bras Enferm [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Dec 14];73(Suppl 2):e20200297.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0297 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0...
		Gibbs et al. (2019a)1414. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Need for Aeromedical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport Guidelines. Emerg Infect Dis. [Internet]. 2019a [cited 2022 Feb 27];25(5):1033-4.Available from: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948 https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948...
		Gomes et al. (2022)2323. Gomes ED, Ronconi MABR, Santos MB, Pires Júnior P, Franco AZP, Haberland DF, et al. Air Evacuation of Citizens During the COVID-19 Epidemic. Aerosp Med Hum Perform [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Apr 20];93(2):94-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.3357/AMHP.5931.2022 https://doi.org/10.3357/AMHP.5931.2022...
		Hewlett et al. (2015)1515. Hewlett AL, Varkey JB, Smith PW, Ribner BS. Ebola virus disease: preparedness and infection control lessons learned from two biocontainment units. Curr Opin Infect Dis [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Feb 15];28(4):343-8.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000176 https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.000000000000...
		Khoshnevis (2015)2626. Khoshnevis MA, Panahi Y, Ghanei M, Borna H, Sahebkar A, Aslani J. A Triage Model for Chemical Warfare Casualties. Trauma Mon [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Jan 14];20(3):e16211.Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26543836/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26543836...
		Lang and Croker (2010)2424. Lang JL, Croker K. H1N1 09 influenza - An aeromedical perspective. Australas Emerg Nurs J [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2021 Dec 19];13(3):53-60.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2010.05.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2010.05.0...
		Masterson (2020)1919. Masterson S, Deasy C, Doyle M, Hennelly D, Knox S, Sorensen J. What clinical crew competencies and qualifications are required for helicopter emergency medical services? A review of the literature. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Mar 17];28(1):28.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722-z https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722...
	8. Makes decisions, knowing how to diagnose and solve problems to face situations in constant change.	Gibbs et al. (2019a)1414. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Need for Aeromedical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport Guidelines. Emerg Infect Dis. [Internet]. 2019a [cited 2022 Feb 27];25(5):1033-4.Available from: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948 https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948...
		Masterson (2020)1919. Masterson S, Deasy C, Doyle M, Hennelly D, Knox S, Sorensen J. What clinical crew competencies and qualifications are required for helicopter emergency medical services? A review of the literature. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Mar 17];28(1):28.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722-z https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722...
	9. Demonstrates quality and safety in professional practice.	Gibbs et al. (2019a)1414. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Need for Aeromedical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport Guidelines. Emerg Infect Dis. [Internet]. 2019a [cited 2022 Feb 27];25(5):1033-4.Available from: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948 https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181948...
		Khoshnevis (2015)2626. Khoshnevis MA, Panahi Y, Ghanei M, Borna H, Sahebkar A, Aslani J. A Triage Model for Chemical Warfare Casualties. Trauma Mon [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Jan 14];20(3):e16211.Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26543836/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26543836...
Multidisciplinary work	10. Recognizes work relationships, integrating multidisciplinary actions.	Gibbs et al. (2019b)2222. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Review of Literature for Air Medical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport. Air Med J [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 24];38(5):359-65.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.00...
Communication	11. Establishes effective communication.	Brasil (2014)1717. Brasil. Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica (BR). Diretriz do Comando da Aeronáutica (DCA) 1-6, de 07 de agosto de 2014. Doutrina de preparo e emprego da FAB em missões de transporte na defesa química, biológica, radiológica e nuclear (DQBRN) [Internet]. Brasília: Ministério da Defesa Comando da Aeronáutica; 2014 [cited 2021 Dec 14].Available from: https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalcendoc/Busca/Download?codigoArquivo=6480 https://www.sislaer.fab.mil.br/terminalc...
		Gibbs et al. (2019b)2222. Gibbs SG, Herstein JJ, Le AB, Beam EL, Cieslak TJ, Lawler JV, et al. Review of Literature for Air Medical Evacuation High-Level Containment Transport. Air Med J [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 24];38(5):359-65.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2019.06.00...
		Kondo et al. (2018)1818. Kondo A, Jitsuiki K, Osaka H, Takeuchi I, Ishikawa K, Omori K, et al. Multiple Patients With Burn Injury Induced by a Chemical Explosion Managed by Physician-Staffed Helicopters. Disaster Med Public Health Prep [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Feb 12];13(4):799-805.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150 https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2018.150...
		Lang and Croker (2010)2424. Lang JL, Croker K. H1N1 09 influenza - An aeromedical perspective. Australas Emerg Nurs J [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2021 Dec 19];13(3):53-60.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2010.05.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2010.05.0...
		Masterson (2020)1919. Masterson S, Deasy C, Doyle M, Hennelly D, Knox S, Sorensen J. What clinical crew competencies and qualifications are required for helicopter emergency medical services? A review of the literature. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Mar 17];28(1):28.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722-z https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00722...

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Débora Fernanda Haberland deborahaber@hotmail.com