NURSING STUDENTS’ LIFESTYLE AND RELATED FACTORS

to determine nursing students’ lifestyle at a university in Mexico, according to personal factors and previous behaviors of Nola J. Pender’s Health Promotion Model.

Method:

this is a cross-sectional study developed at a public university of Minatitlán, Veracruz, Mexico, in 2019, with nursing students enrolled in the curricular internship course, totaling 130. Data were collected that include sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle and behavior characteristics through the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile I. We used Student’s t-tests, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation for the analyses.

Results:

of the 130 participants, 92 (70.8%) were classified as healthy lifestyle and 38 (29.2%) had a moderately healthy lifestyle. Among the scale domains, the physical activity domain was the one with the lowest score. Negative correlations were found between the self-actualization domain and clinical variables, such as blood pressure, Body Mass Index and waist circumference, and also between this domain and the time of cell phone and television use.

Conclusion:

the lifestyle general classification of most participants was healthy, but the analyzes of the individual domains demonstrate the need for political and clinical interventions that influence nursing students’ health-promoting behaviors.

DESCRIPTORS:
Lifestyle; Healthy lifestyle; Nursing students; Education in nursing; Health promotion

Personal factors	F	%
Sex
Female	111	85.4
Male	19	14.6
Age
21 to 22 years	75	57.7
23 to 24 years	47	36.2
≥ 25 years	8	6.2
Marital status
Without partner	113	86.9
With partner	17	13.0
Children
Yes	10	7.7
No	120	92.3
Work
Yes	6	4.6
No	124	95.4
WC*
Normal	52	40.0
Altered	78	60.0
Nutritional status
Normal weight	56	43.1
Overweight	44	33.8
Obesity	30	23.1
SBP^†
Normal (<140 mmHg)	128	98.5
Altered (≥140 mmHg)	2	1.5
DBP ^‡
Normal (<90 mmHg)	126	96.9
Altered (≥90 mmHg)	4	3.1
Previous behavior
Hours of mobile phone use
≤ 3 hours	29	22.3
≥4 hours	101	77.7
Hours of television use
≤ 3 hours	121	93.1
≥4 hours	9	6.9

Domains	x^*	M^†	Min^‡	Max^§	SD^\|\|
Nutrition	67.21	66.66	33.33	100.00	14.76
Physical activity	54.07	52.50	25.00	95.00	18.00
Health responsibility	63.57	62.50	32.50	92.50	11.91
Stress management	63.07	64.28	28.57	92.86	12.32
Interpersonal relationships	79.28	78.57	46.43	100.00	11.21
Self-actualization	82.82	82.69	46.15	100.00	10.91
Lifestyle	70.67	70.55	38.00	93.20	9.09

Variables	N	Nutrition	Physical activity	Health responsibility	Stress management	Interpersonal relationships	Self-actualization	LS^¶
Personal factors
Sex*
Male	19	69.30	61.58	63.55	65.60	76.88	82.39	71.40
Female	111	66.85	52.79	63.58	62.64	79.70	82.90	70.55
T	-	0.665	1.987	-0.010	0.966	-1.012	-0.188	0.374
P	-	0.507	0.049	0.992	0.336	0.318	0.851	0.709
Age ^†
21 to 22 years	75	66.66	53.86	62.70	63.52	80.19	82.53	70.31
23 to 24 years	47	68.35	54.14	64.62	62.23	77.35	82.56	70.36
≥ 25 years	8	65.62	55.62	65.31	63.83	81.69	87.01	72.39
F	-	0.235	0.035	0.486	0.172	1.153	0.626	0.143
P	-	0.791	0.966	0.616	0.842	0.319	0.536	0.867
Marital status*
Without partner	113	66.62	54.33	63.47	63.30	79.01	82.70	70.60
With partner	17	71.07	52.35	64.11	61.55	81.09	83.59	71.15
T	-	-0.974	0.422	-0.254	0.545	-0.711	-0.312	-0.231
P	-	0.342	0.674	0.800	0.587	0.478	0.756	0.818
Children*
Yes	10	67.91	42.50	63.50	56.07	79.28	84.03	68.53
No	120	67.15	55.04	63.58	63.66	79.28	82.72	70.85
T	-	0.157	-3.419	.021	-3.299	0.000	0.365	-0.776
P	-	0.876	0.004	.983	0.005	1	0.716	0.439
Work*
Yes	6	56.94	40.83	60.00	59.52	73.80	80.44	65.10
No	124	67.70	54.71	63.75	63.24	79.55	82.94	70.94
T	-	-1.759	-1.862	0.752	0.722	-1.227	0.545	-1.546
P	-	0.081	0.065	0.454	0.472	0.222	0.587	0.125
WC* ^‡
Normal	52	68.42	56.05	63.79	63.18	76.92	80.91	70.01
Altered	78	66.39	52.75	63.42	63.00	80.86	84.09	71.11
T	-	0.767	1.024	0.172	0.083	-1.983	-1.638	-0.676
P	-	0.445	0.308	0.864	0.934	0.050	0.104	0.500
Nutritional status^†
Normal weight	56	66.74	53.12	63.03	62.50	78.18	81.79	69.69
Overweight	44	69.12	53.18	63.92	64.44	81.98	85.00	72.09
Obesity	30	65.27	57.16	64.08	62.14	77.38	81.53	70.44
F	-	0.654	0.570	0.102	0.416	2.000	1.344	0.868
P	-	0.522	0.567	0.903	0.660	0.140	0.265	0.422
SBP* ^§
Normal	128	67.31	53.82	63.35	63.00	79.49	83.03	70.57
Altered	2	60.41	70.00	77.50	67.85	66.07	69.23	77.35
T	-	0.655	-10.143	-1.677	-0.551	1.691	1.791	-1.046
P	-	0.514	<0.001	0.096	0.582	0.093	0.076	0.298
DBP^*\|\|
Normal	126	67.39	54.08	63.67	63.20	79.42	82.93	70.79
Altered	4	61.45	53.75	60.62	58.92	75.00	79.32	66.95
T	-	0.791	0.037	0.502	0.683	0.775	0.650	0.831
P	-	0.431	0.971	0.617	0.496	0.440	0.517	0.407
Previous behavior
Hours of mobile phone use*
≤ 3 hours	29	70.54	53.62	65.34	64.40	82.75	86.80	73.04
≥4 hours	101	66.25	54.20	63.06	62.69	78.28	81.68	69.99
T	-	1.385	-0.154	0.906	0.659	1.911	2.262	1.603
P	-	0.168	0.878	0.367	0.511	0.058	0.025	0.112
Hours of television use*
≤ 3 hours	121	67.87	54.25	63.86	62.78	79.04	82.64	70.73
≥4 hours	9	58.33	51.66	59.72	67.06	82.53	85.25	69.84
T	-	1.889	0.415	1.006	-1.006	-0.901	-0.691	0.284
P	-	0.061	0.679	0.316	0.316	0.369	0.491	0.777

		WC*	BMI^†	SBP^‡	DBP^§	Mobile use hours	Television use hours
Lifestyles
Nutrition	r	-0.018	-0.034	0.072	-0.019	-0.144	-0.018
	p	0.841	0.697	0.416	0.831	0.102	0.839
Physical activity	r	0.077	0.051	0.237	0.121	0.046	0.065
	p	0.382	0.562	0.007	0.171	0.601	0.465
Health responsibility	r	0.093	0.039	0.104	0.025	-0.111	-0.033
	p	0.291	0.661	0.238	0.775	0.210	0.709
Stress management	r	0.057	-0.013	0.125	0.056	-0.014	0.146
	p	0.519	0.883	0.155	0.526	0.879	0.098
Interpersonal relationships	r	0.033	-0.005	-0.194	-0.085	-0.136	0.034
	p	0.713	0.953	0.027	0.338	0.124	0.703
Self-actualization	r	0.151	0.060	-0.117	-0.041	-0.200	0.119
	p	0.086	0.497	0.184	0.639	0.022	0.178
Lifestyle	r	0.128	0.072	0.090	0.042	-0.127	0.062
	p	0.147	0.418	0.308	0.635	0.151	0.484
Personal factors
WC	r		0.877	0.546	0.349	-0.110	0.158
	p		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.212	0.073
BMI	r			0.544	0.412	-0.087	0.192
	p			<0.001	<0.001	0.324	0.029
SBP	r				0.630	-0.067	0.080
	p				<0.001	0.450	0.365
DBP	r					0.000	0.212
	p					0.998	0.015
Previous behavior
Mobile use hours	r						0.152
	p						0.083

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil, Tel.: (55 48) 3721-4915 / (55 48) 3721-9043 - Florianópolis - SC - Brazil
E-mail: textoecontexto@contato.ufsc.br

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Rayanne Branco dos Santos Lima rayannebranco@gmail.com