Ornamental hibiscus have been affected by shoot proliferation and decline followed by death in several cities in São Paulo State, especially São Paulo, Campinas and Piracicaba. As the symptoms are suggestives of those induced by phytoplasmas, the present work aimed to identify the possible phytoplasma associated with the disease. Fourteen symptomatic hibiscus were sampled in Piracicaba, submitted to nested-PCR with the primers P1/Tint-R16F2n/R2 and processed by transmission electron microscopy. The identification was made by RFLP analyses with the restriction enzymes BfaI, DraI, HaeIII, HhaI, HpaII, MboI, MseI, RsaI, and TaqI. Transmission assays were performed by grafting and Cuscuta subinclusa. The presence of phytoplasma was always detected by molecular technique and electron microscopy in all samples. The RFLP analyses showed that the phytoplasma belongs to group 16SrXV, the same group of the Candidatus Phytoplasma brasiliense. It was experimentally transmitted by C. subinclusa to periwinkle and by grafting to hibiscus in which it reproduced the original symptoms. This indicates that the studied phytoplasma is the causal agent the disease.
Mollicutes; stunt
