A Comparative Analysis of Different Versions of the MIG/MAG Process Modern Variants for the Root Pass in Orbital Welding

Abstract

The present work aims to obtain the detailed knowledge of different versions of the MIG/MAG process by short-circuit transfer with current control and its applicability in V-groove root welding without the use of backing. Although many pipe welding researches describe performing the fully machined procedure through orbital systems, more detailed information on how this was accomplished ends up not being disclosed. In addition, different application conditions require in-depth knowledge for proper adaptation/specific parameterization. In this context, root welding with a mechanized orbital manipulator was performed in tubes used in the oil and gas industry, by verifying the operating conditions of three commercial versions of the MIG/MAG process in short circuit with current control, two of which with electronic control and one with electromechanical control of metal transfer. The three versions have controlled levels of energy, good stability control on the metal transfer and low spatter index, differentials in root application. In the tests, which were carried out on API 5L grade B pipes, it was possible to perform orbital welding in situations in which the pipe joint presented favorable geometry, without the presence of unevenness (high-low) and narrow conditions of tolerance values for gap opening. As for the geometric profile of fusion on the groove, the tests with the electronic versions presented good results without defects that could compromise the integrity of the joint. However, within the ranges covered, with the use of the electromechanical version, it was verified the presence of lack of fusion defects, which generated hypotheses regarding different parameter ranges for this version in the root application in V-groove tubes.

Key-words:
GMAW; Orbital welding; Mechanization