In this work aim the Taguchi method (Robust design of experiments) was chosen to achieve with a limited number of tests two objectives: the first was to the influence of the control factors (welding parameters) on quality characteristics (weld bead geometry) and the second was to determine optimal conditions for weld overlay with nickel alloy through the GMAW process in a short circuiting transfer mode. Six control factors were employed with three levels each: Reference voltage, Welding speed, Arc oscillation, welding gun orientation (Perpendicular, forehand and backhand), Shielding gas and filler metal. Already the employed quality characteristics were: Percent dilution (D) and the ration between reinforcement and bead width (R/L). The weldings were accomplished using a bead on plate (BOP) technique, flat position, in steel ASTM 516 Gr60 with dimensions of 200 x 50 x 12,7 mm. The results showed that the use of arc oscillation promote weld bead with low values of the ratio R/L and obtain low dilution's values arriving to the order of 5%. The combination of levels of control factors identified as optimal by the Taguchi method obtained values for the variables considered suitable for weld overlay.
Nickel alloys; Robust Design; GMAW and Short circuiting
