The commercialization of pesticides and the chemical-dependent model of agriculture in Brazil

ABSTRACT

Aiming to analyzing the commercialization of pesticides in Brazil, its regions and states, an ecological time series study was developed from 2000 to 2014, based on data on sales of pesticides from the Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources and the National Union of Plant Protection Products Industry. The commercialization was calculated as the quotient of the quantity of active ingredients, in kilograms, and the planted area of the main crops, in hectares, annually in the states and regions. The Excel^® and R programs were used for data analysis. For trend analysis, linear regression was used with a 5% significance level. There was a trend towards an increase in sales in all regions of the country in the period (p<0.001), with the highest record in the Southeast (4.88 kg/ha/year), and the largest increase in the North and Northeast regions. The highest average sales, in kg/ha/year, occurred in São Paulo (8.43), Goiás (5.34), and Mato Grosso (4.92). The biggest increase in sales by state occurred in Acre (99.52%), Piauí (94.19%), and Distrito Federal (91.55%). Regulatory, inspection, and standardization measures against the worsening of the population’s health situation and contamination of the environment are imperative.

KEYWORDS
Pesticides; Agriculture; Time series