Are parental physical activity and social support associated with adolescents’ meeting physical activity recommendations?

Camargo, Edina Maria de; López-Gil, José Francisco; Piola, Thiago Silva; Mota, Jorge; Campos, Wagner de

doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004362

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Sumário

Original Article • Rev. Saúde Pública 57 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004362 copy

Are parental physical activity and social support associated with adolescents’ meeting physical activity recommendations?

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE

To verify whether parental physical activity and social support are associated with adolescents meeting physical activity recommendations.

METHODS

This is a cross-sectional study that selected 1,390 adolescents (59.6% girls) from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. The IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), QAFA (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents), and ASAFA (Social Support for Physical Activity Practice in Adolescents) questionnaires were applied. Binary logistic regression was used to test the relationship among the study variables.

RESULTS

For boys, having parents who “always attend” (OR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.16–3.32) and having parents or legal guardians who meet the PA recommendations (OR = 2.78; 95%CI: 1.76–4.38) were associated with meeting the PA recommendations. Odds were greater after adjusting for socioeconomic status (OR = 3.47; 95%CI: 1.73–6.96) and schooling level (OR = 4.20; 95%CI: 1.96–9.02). For girls, those with parents or legal guardians who “sometimes encourage them” (OR = 0.61; 95%CI: 0.37–0.98) had lower odds of meeting PA recommendations. These odds were higher after adjusting for socioeconomic status (OR = 2.11; 95%CI: 1.36–3.29) and schooling level (OR = 4.30; 95%CI: 2.41–7.69).

CONCLUSIONS

Boys and girls were more likely to meet PA recommendations daily by having parents who meet PA recommendations than by receiving parental social support. These results could help establish future interventions aimed at modifying behaviors related to PA in adolescents.

Adolescent; Parent-Child Relations; Sedentary Behavior; Exercise; Sedentary Behavior; Social Support

Sociodemographic Information and Health	Boys		Girls		p	Total

	n	%	n	%		n	%
Age
15	175	37.7	289	62.3	0.090	464	33.4
16	203	40.5	298	59.5		501	36.0
17	184	43.3	241	56.7		425	30.6
BMI
Not excess weight	469	38.8	741	61.2	0.001^c	1210	87.1
Excess weight	93	51.7	87	48.3	0.001^c	180	12.9
The main breadwinner’s schooling level
Elementary school	217	40.3	322	59.7		539	38.8
Secondary school	192	38.8	303	61.2	0.490	495	36.6
Higher schooling levels	153	43.0	203	57.0		356	25.6
SES
Low SES	93^a	35.8	167^a	64.2		260	18.7
Medium SES	348^a	40.1	520^a	59.9	0.015^d	868	62.4
High SES	121^a	46.2	141^b	53.8		262	18.8
SS parents/Legal guardians^e	n	%	n	%	p	n	%
Encouragement
Never	104	37.5	173	62.5		277	19.9
Sometimes	313	40.3	463	59.7	0.168	776	55.8
Always	145	43.0	192	57.0		337	24.2
Practice together
Never	205	37.4	343	62.6		548	39.4
Sometimes	288	42.0	398	58.0	0.060	686	49.4
Always	69	44.2	87	55.8		156	11.2
Transportation
Never	268	40.5	394	59.5		662	47.6
Sometimes	176	40.1	263	59.9	0.955	439	31.6
Always	118	40.8	171	59.2		289	20.8
Attendance
Never	239	39.4	367	60.6		606	43.6
Sometimes	235	40.4	346	59.6	0.355	581	41.8
Always	88	43.3	115	56.7		203	14.6
Comment
Never	209	38.7	331	61.3		540	38.8
Sometimes	232	43.9	296	56.1	0.992	528	38.0
Always	121	37.6	201	62.4		322	23.2
Level of MVPA^f	n	%	n	%	p	n
Parents/Legal Guardians
Does not meet	411	42.5	557	57.5	0.021^c	968	69.6
Meets (150 minutes/week)	151	35.8	271	64.2	0.021^c	422	30.4
Adolescents
Does not meet	367	65.3	564	68.1	0.296	931	67.0
Meets (60 minutes/day)	195	34.7	264	31.9	0.296	459	33.0

SS parents/legal guardians^a	Recommended levels of MVPA in adolescent boys (60 minutes/day)

	Unadjusted					Adjusted^b			Interaction^c			Interaction^d

	n	%	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p
Encouragement
Never	104	37.5	1
Sometimes	313	40.3	1.40	0.74–2.62	0.305
Always	145	43.0	1.35	0.84–2.16	0.215
Practice together
Never	205	37.4	1
Sometimes	288	42.0	0.82	0.40–1.66	0.577
Always	69	44.2	0.85	0.45–1.60	0.613
Transportation
Never	268	40.5	1
Sometimes	176	40.1	0.86	0.52–1.44	0.570
Always	118	40.8	1.37	0.80–2.33	0.247
Attendance
Never	239	39.4	1			1
Sometimes	235	40.4	1.26	0.66–2.41	0.484	1.28	0.71–2.30	0.418
Always	88	43.3	1.90	1.07–3.39	0.029	1.96	1.16–3.32	0.012^e
Commente
Never	209	38.7	1			1
Sometimes	232	43.9	1.55	0.84–2.87	0.165	1.50	0.85–2.67	0.166
Always	121	37.6	0.73	0.44–1.20	0.218	0.78	0.49–1.27	0.328
MVPA Parents (150 minutes/week)
Does not meet	411	42.5	1			1			1			1
Meets	151	35.8	2,68	1.69–4.24	0.000	2.78	1.76–4.38	0.000^e	4.20	1.96–9.02	0.000^e	3.47	1.73–6.96	0.000^e

SS parents/legal guardians^a	Recommended levels of mvpa in adolescent girls (60 minutes /day)

	Unadjusted					Adjusted^b			Interaction^c			Interaction^d

	n	%	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p
Encouragement
Never	104	37.5	1			1
Sometimes	313	40.3	0.65	0.38–1.08	0.097	0.61	0.37–0.98	0.042^e
Always	145	43.0	1.01	0.66–1.55	0.966	1.06	0.71–1.59	0.771
Practice together
Never	205	37.4	1
Sometimes	288	42.0	1.33	0.74–2.38	0.883
Always	69	44.2	1.39	0.80–2.40	0.685
Transportation
Never	268	40.5	1
Sometimes	176	40.1	0.78	0.49–1.25	0.301
Always	118	40.8	1.07	0.68–1.69	0.774
Attendance
Never	239	39.4	1
Sometimes	235	40.4	0.97	0.55–1.68	0.892
Always	88	43.3	1.08	0.65–1.80	0.758
Comment
Never	209	38.7	1			1
Sometimes	232	43.9	1.36	0.84–2.20	0.209	1.25	0.82–1.89	0.302
Always	121	37.6	1.41	0.91–2.18	0.127	1.46	0.96–2.23	0.075
MVPA parents (150 minutes/week)
Does not meet	411	42.5	1			1			1			1
Meets	151	35.8	1,99	1.42–2.80	0.000	2.04	1.46–2.87	0.000^e	4.30	2.41–7.69	0.000^e	2.11	1.36–3.29	0.001^e

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[1] Correspondence: Edina Maria de Camargo Universidade Federal do Paraná Av. Coronel Frederico H. dos Santos, 100 19061 Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil E-mail: edinacamargo@gmail.com