Evaluation of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in oviposition traps used in the integrated control of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> (Linnaeus, 1762) and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> (Skuse, 1894) (Diptera:Culicidae)

Arduino, Marylene de Brito; Serpa, Ligia Leandro Nunes; Rangel, Osias; Santos, Guilherme Vieira dos

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0337-2022

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Major Article • Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 56 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0337-2022 copy

Evaluation of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in oviposition traps used in the integrated control of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) (Diptera:Culicidae)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Background:

Egg collection traps have been studied to assist in the integrated control of arbovirus vectors. Many enhancements have been made over the years.

Methods:

This study evaluated the use of a hydrated superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in the egg collection of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in ovitraps. An experiment was conducted in the laboratory to determine the minimum concentration of the product to be used in traps in the field to prevent the development of larvae into adults. In the field, the use of polymers has been evaluated using a traditional model of ovitraps. The positive ovitrap index and mean number of eggs per trap indicator were calculated.

Results:

In the laboratory, the larvae did not successfully develop to the adult stage, even at the lowest SAP concentration. In the field, the results showed that ovitraps with SAP proved to be effective for egg collection from both species. It was possible to identify sites with the highest concentration of species and expose the ovitraps for a longer period without larval development.

Conclusions:

There is a need for studies on the adequacy of this technology for control programs. However, the results showed that ovitraps with hydrogel were potentiated to capture eggs, configuring themselves as another tool for vector control.

Keywords:
Mosquito trap; Chikungunya; Dengue; Zika; Yellow fever; Hydrogel

		OH Trap	OG Trap	TOTAL
Traps collected	N	1,250	375*	1,625
Total Stegomyia eggs	N	14,410	10,805	25,215
Traps positive for Stegomyia	N	362	210	572
Stegomyia Positivity	POI	29.0	56.0	35.2
Confiacce Interval	CI	(26.5 - 31.5)	(50.9 - 60.9)	( 32.9-37.6)
Mean number of Stegomyia eggs	MET	39.8	51.5	44.1
Confiacce Interval	CI	(34.7 - 45)	(41.0 - 61.1)	(39.1- 48.9)
Traps with identified species	N	299	149	437
Traps with Ae. aegypti	N	281	124	405
	POI	94.0	83.2	92.7
Traps with Ae. albopictus	N	9	5	14
	POI	3.0	3.4	3.2
Traps with Ae. aegypti + Ae. albopictus	N	9	20	29
	POI	3.0	13.4	6.7
Total Ae. aegypti eggs	N	8,411	4,182	12,593
Total Ae. albopictus eggs	N	194	344	538

Parameter	Estimate	Standard error	t value	p value
Intercept	2.41965	8.98473	0.269	0.7908
Mean temperature	-1.60666	1.23854	-1.297	0.2109
Rainfall	-0.11696	0.04122	-2.837	0.0109 *
Maximum temperature	0.7322	0.51586	1.538	0.1415
Minimum temperature	0.87862	0.65210	1.347	0.1946
Humidity	-0.03087	0.09262	-1.333	0.7428
Initial model: AIC = 173.51 [Mean eggs ~ Mean T + Rainfall + Max T + Min T + Humidity]
R² = 0.37
Residuals: Shapiro-Wilk W = 0.8722; p value = 0.0048
Final model: AIC = 170.23 [Mean eggs ~ Min T + Rainfall]
R² = 0.29
Residuals: Shapiro-Wilk W = 0.9374; p value = 0.1291
Variables that contributed most to the final model
	DF	AIC	LRT	Pr (Chi)
		170.23
Minimum temperature	1	172.21	3.9813	0.046008*
Rainfall	1	175.93	7.6961	0.005534**
Statistical significance	0 ‘***’	0.001 ‘**’	0.01 ‘*’	‘.’ 0.1

Parameter	Estimate	Standard error	t value	p value
Intercept	-3.1347479	2.9433094	-1.065	0.301
Mean temperature	0.2679809	0.4639732	0.578	0.571
Number of eggs	0.0011340	0.0001516	7.480	6.3e-07 ***
Rainfall	-0.0375834	0.0235392	-1.597	0.128
Maximum temperature	-0.0906159	0.1982585	-0.457	0.653
Minimum temperature	-0.2496704	0.2450850	-1.019	0.322
Humidity	0.0323086	0.0309952	1.042	0.311
Initial model: AIC = 149.3494 - [Rainfall ~ Mean T + Number of eggs + Rainfall + Max T + Min T + Humidity]
R² = 0.998
Residuals: Shapiro-Wilk W = 0.97041; p value = 0.6555
Final model: AIC 135.41 [Positivity ~ Mean T + Number of eggs + Rainfall + Mean T: Number of eggs]
R² = 0.998
Residuals: Shapiro-Wilk W = 0.98201; p value = 0.9219
Variables that contributed most to the final model
	DF	AIC			LRT	Pr (Chi)
		135.84
Rainfall	1	140.44			6.5987	0.0102053 *
Mean T: Number of eggs	1	148.07			14.2330	0.000162 ***
	OR	ICI			ICS
Intercept	0.21626	0.07334			0.63766
Mean temperature	0.99497	0.93875			1.05455
Number of eggs	1.00516	1.00490	1.00542
Rainfall	0.95269	0.91668	0.99012
Mean T: Number of eggs	0.99982	0.99978	0.99985
Statistical significance	0 ‘***’	0.001 ‘**’	0.01 ‘*’	‘.’ 0.1

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[1] Corresponding author: Dr. Marylene de Brito Arduino. e-mail:maryleneuol@gmail.com, marduino@pasteur.saude.sp.gov.br