Impactos da tecnologia na saúde infantil: revisão sistemática

Authors’ contribution

Study design: Ricci RC, Pires LSA, Facina MEL, Parduci NV, González Bogado SS, Larroque MM. Data collection: Ricci RC, Pires LSA, Facina MEL, Parduci NV, González Bogado SS, Larroque MM. Data analysis: Ricci RC, Pires LSA, Facina MEL, Parduci NV, González Bogado SS. Manuscript writing: Ricci RC, Costa de Paulo AS, Borges de Freitas AKP, Ribeiro IC, Pires LSA, Facina MEL, Cabral MB, Parduci NV, Spegiorin RC, González Bogado SS, Chociay Junior S, Carachesti TN. Manuscript revision: Ricci RC, Costa de Paulo AS, Borges de Freitas AKP, Ribeiro IC, Pires LSA, Facina MEL, Cabral MB, Parduci NV, Spegiorin RC, González Bogado SS, Chociay Junior S, Carachest TN. Study supervision: Ricci RC, Larroque MM.

Authors (year)	Desig	Sample size+age groups/parents	Study quality (score)⁷7 von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol. 2008;61:344-9. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010 https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-... , ⁹9 Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D, CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ. 2010;340:c332. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c332 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c332...
McNeill et al. (2019)¹⁶16 McNeill J, Howard SJ, Vella SA, Cliff DP. Longitudinal associations of electronic application use and media program viewing with cognitive and psychosocial development in preschoolers. Acad Pediatr. 2019;19:520-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2019.02.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2019.02.0...	Longitudinal	185 children aged 3–5 years. Australia	22^a a based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (Strobe)7
Takeuchi et al. (2018)³3 Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Asano K, Asano M, Sassa Y, Yokota S, et al. Impact of frequency of internet use on development of brain structures and verbal intelligence: longitudinal analyses. Hum Brain Mapp. 2018;39:4471-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.24286 https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.24286...	Cohort	507 children (cross-sectional=284 aged 5.7–18.4 years, and longitudinal=223 aged 8.4–21.3 years). Japan	21^a a based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (Strobe)7
Folkvord et al. (2017)¹⁵15 Folkvord F, Lupiáñez-Villanueva F, Codagnone C, Bogliacino F, Veltri G, Gaskell G. Does a ‘protective’ message reduce the impact of an advergame promoting unhealthy foods to children? An experimental study in Spain and The Netherlands. Appetite. 2017;112:117-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.01.026 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.01....	Randomized controlled trial	562 children. Netherlands (211 children aged 6–11 years) and Spain (351 children aged 6–12 years)	18^b b based on the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (Consort) 2010.9
Yu and Park (2017)¹⁷17 Yu JJ, Park SJ. Predictors and the distal outcome of general Internet use: the identification of children’s developmental trajectories. Br J Dev Psychol. 2017;35:483-97. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12188 https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12188...	Longitudinal	2,840 children with mean age of 9.86 ± 0.35 years. South Corea.	20^a a based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (Strobe)7
Slater et al. (2017)¹³13 Slater A, Halliwell E, Jarman H, Gaskin E. More than just child’s play?: an experimental investigation of the impact of an appearance-focused internet game on body image and career aspirations of young girls. J Youth Adolesc. 2017;46:2047-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0659-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0659-...	Case control	80 girls aged 8–9 years. England.	20^a a based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (Strobe)7
Takeuchi et al. (2016)¹¹11 Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Hashizume H, Asano K, Asano M, Sassa Y, et al. Impact of videogame play on the brain’s microstructural properties: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21:1781-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2015.193 https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2015.193...	Longitudinal and cross-sectional	429 children (cross-sectional=240 aged 5.7–18.4 years; longitudinal=189 aged 8.4–21.3 years). Japan	19^a a based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (Strobe)7
Slater et al. (2016)¹⁴14 Slater A, Tiggemann M. Little girls in a grown up world: exposure to sexualized media, internalization of sexualization messages, and body image in 6-9 year-old girls. Body Image. 2016;18:19-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.04.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.04...	Longitudinal	300 girls aged 6–9 years. Australia	17^a a based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (Strobe)7
Takeuchi et al. (2015)¹²12 Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Hashizume H, Asano K, Asano M, Sassa Y, et al. The impact of television viewing on brain structures: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Cereb Cortex. 2015;25:118897. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht315 https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht315...	Longitudinal and cross-sectional	1,071 children aged 5.6–18.4 years (prior to study=290; after study=235; cross-sectional=276; longitudinal: 216). Japan	20^a a based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (Strobe)7

Authors (year)	Media type	Main results
Takeuchi et al. (2018)³3 Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Asano K, Asano M, Sassa Y, Yokota S, et al. Impact of frequency of internet use on development of brain structures and verbal intelligence: longitudinal analyses. Hum Brain Mapp. 2018;39:4471-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.24286 https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.24286...	Internet	Higher frequency of internet use was associated with decreased verbal intelligence and smaller increases in brain volume after a few years. The areas of the brain affected are related to language processing, attention, memory, and executive, emotional and reward functions.
Slater et al. (2017)¹³13 Slater A, Halliwell E, Jarman H, Gaskin E. More than just child’s play?: an experimental investigation of the impact of an appearance-focused internet game on body image and career aspirations of young girls. J Youth Adolesc. 2017;46:2047-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0659-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0659-...	Games (Internet)	Internet games that focus on appearance can be harmful to girls’ body self-image.
Folkvord et al. (2017)¹⁵15 Folkvord F, Lupiáñez-Villanueva F, Codagnone C, Bogliacino F, Veltri G, Gaskell G. Does a ‘protective’ message reduce the impact of an advergame promoting unhealthy foods to children? An experimental study in Spain and The Netherlands. Appetite. 2017;112:117-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.01.026 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.01....	Games (advergames)	Advertising games (advergames) encourage the consumption of unhealthy foods.
Slater et al. (2016)¹⁴14 Slater A, Tiggemann M. Little girls in a grown up world: exposure to sexualized media, internalization of sexualization messages, and body image in 6-9 year-old girls. Body Image. 2016;18:19-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.04.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.04...	Television	Children are able to absorb or internalize social messages about sexualization, illustrated in the study as the desire for sexualized clothing. Internalizations had a negative impact on their body self-image.
Takeuchi et al. (2016)¹¹11 Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Hashizume H, Asano K, Asano M, Sassa Y, et al. Impact of videogame play on the brain’s microstructural properties: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21:1781-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2015.193 https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2015.193...	Games (videogames)	Playing video games for long periods can cause direct or indirect interruption in neural systems’ development, which can be related to an unfavorable neurocognitive development, especially verbal intelligence.
Takeuchi et al. (2015)¹²12 Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Hashizume H, Asano K, Asano M, Sassa Y, et al. The impact of television viewing on brain structures: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Cereb Cortex. 2015;25:118897. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht315 https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht315...	Television	Watching television affects the regional volume of the brain associated with verbal language. TV watching time was negatively correlated with verbal intelligence quotient. It can indirectly affect sensorimotor areas.

Authors (year)	Media type	Main results
McNeill et al. (2019)¹⁶16 McNeill J, Howard SJ, Vella SA, Cliff DP. Longitudinal associations of electronic application use and media program viewing with cognitive and psychosocial development in preschoolers. Acad Pediatr. 2019;19:520-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2019.02.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2019.02.0...	Television, Games, Apps	Use of electronic applications for less than 30 minutes a day and limited media viewing could be associated with cognitive and psychosocial development of preschool-age children.
Yu and Park (2017)¹⁷17 Yu JJ, Park SJ. Predictors and the distal outcome of general Internet use: the identification of children’s developmental trajectories. Br J Dev Psychol. 2017;35:483-97. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12188 https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12188...	Internet	Use of internet to socialize, exchange ideas and talk about concerns. An opportunity to socialize and make friends.

[1] *Corresponding author. E-mail: ricci_raquel@hotmail.com (R. C. Ricci).

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Impactos da tecnologia na saúde infantil: revisão sistemática

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