Scrivanti, Lidia Raquel; Anton, Ana María

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Sumário

Original Paper • Rodriguésia 72 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202172028 copiar

Germination inhibitory activity of aqueous extracts of native grasses from South America

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Aleloquímicos solúveis têm gerado grande interesse, pois podem ser utilizados para o controle biológico de pragas, principalmente de plantas daninhas. No entanto, poucos estudos avaliaram a eficácia de compostos solúveis de exsudatos na germinação com relação ao tempo de exposição. Aqui, avaliamos o efeito inibitório de extratos aquosos de raízes, caules e folhas de cinco espécies sul-americanas de Bothriochloa na porcentagem de germinação de quatro espécies-alvo (alface, choro de capim, milho e paspalum verde-inverno) ao longo de três períodos de exposição (48, 120 and 168 h). Extratos aquosos das cinco espécies de Bothriochloa inibiram a germinação; a inibição da germinação foi fortemente correlacionada com o tempo de exposição, sendo o período de tratamento mais longo (168 h) o de maior atividade inibitória. A atividade inibitória diferiu entre os tipos de extratos aquosos. O manejo adequado da alelopatia pode melhorar a produtividade das culturas e a proteção ambiental através do controle biológico de ervas daninhas.

Palavras-chave:
alelopatia; extratos aquosos; Bothriochloa; tempo de exposição; germinação

Species	Collector and locality
Bothriochloa barbinodis (Lag.) Herter	L.R. Scrivanti 370. Argentina, Córdoba, Capital
Bothriochloa edwardsiana (Gould) Parodi	L.R. Scrivanti 358. Argentina, Córdoba, Punilla
Bothriochloa perforata (Trin. ex Fourn.) Herter	L.R. Scrivanti 368. Argentina, Córdoba, Punilla
B. saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. subsp. australis Scrivanti	L.R. Scrivanti 375. Argentina, Córdoba, Punilla
B. springfieldii (Gould) Parodi	L.R. Scrivanti 371. Argentina, Córdoba, Punilla

			Inhibition of germination (%) over control (%)^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05)
Bothriochloa (species)	Test species	Time (hours)	Root extract	Stem extract	Leaf extract
Bothriochloa barbinodis	Lettuce	48	4.00 ± 2.35 a	3.20 ± 2.95 a	3.40 ± 2.61 a
		120	4.20 ± 2.17 a	4.20 ± 2.17 a	4.60 ± 1.82 a
		168	13.20 ± 2.77^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	9.60 ± 3.21^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	17.00 ± 3.81^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	Lovegrass	48	7.00 ± 2.65 a	5.40 ± 3.44 a	5.80 ± 3.27 a
		120	9.00 ± 2.92 a	6.80 ± 2.17 a	7.60 ± 2.07 a
		168	22.60 ± 3.65^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	24.18 ± 1.94^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	24.84 ± 3.46^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	Maize	48	45.93 ± 2.06^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	43.82 ± 2.35^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	43.94 ± 2.37^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	50.92 ± 2.31^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	68.10 ± 5.94^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	72.80 ± 2.28^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
		168	64.26 ± 2.24^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c	75.00 ± 1.87^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c	73.20 ± 2.17^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	W. Paspalum	48	73.18 ± 2.56^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	66.20 ± 2.07^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	67.00 ± 2.35^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	81.24 ± 1.61^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	82.60 ± 2.88^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	83.40 ± 2.07^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
		168	82.32 ± 2.10^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	88.20 ± 2.05^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c	88.00 ± 2.55^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c
Bothriochloa edwardsiana	Lettuce	48	3.60 ± 1.67 a	4.40 ± 2.41 a	3.90 ± 1.52 a
		120	4.56 ± 2.04 a	4.80 ± 2.59 a	4.80 ± 2.39 a
		168	13.28 ± 2.26^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	15.40 ± 2.70^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	15.20 ± 3.11^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	Lovegrass	48	5.40 ± 2.30 a	5.80 ± 2.68 a	5.60 ± 2.07 a
		120	9.00 ± 3.39 a	8.50 ± 3.57 a	8.40 ± 3.05 a
		168	25.40 ± 4.22^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	24.40 ± 3.85^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	23.80 ± 2.59^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	Maize	48	34.82 ± 2.33^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	49.36 ± 2.31^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	57.20 ± 3.11^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	49.60 ± 2.07^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	57.84 ± 1.93^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	62.80 ± 2.28^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
		168	51.46 ± 2.78^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	71.38 ± 3.43^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c	63.20 ± 2.17^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	W. Paspalum	48	82.80 ± 2.17^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	66.60 ± 2.07^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	70.40 ± 2.30^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	91.64 ± 1.77^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	95.20 ± 2.95^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	93.40 ± 2.07^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
		168	94.84 ± 1.96^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	98.20 ± 2.05^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	97.20 ± 1.64^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c
Bothriochloa perforata	Lettuce	48	3.40 ± 2.51 a	3.40 ± 2.30 a	3.70 ± 2.11 a
		120	4.80 ± 2.39 a	3.80 ± 2.31 a	5.00 ± 2.55 a
		168	13.36 ± 2.13^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	15.00 ± 2.92^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	15.62 ± 2.67^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	Lovegrass	48	6.20 ± 2.39 a	6.60 ± 2.19 a	4.00 ± 3.24 a
		120	10.20 ± 5.07 a	11.60 ± 2.88^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	9.24 ± 1.95^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
		168	26.40 ± 2.51^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	23.60 ± 2.92^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c	21.00 ± 2.00^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c
	Maize	48	71.34 ± 2.91^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	43.82 ± 2.35^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	43.94 ± 2.37^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	73.51 ± 2.76^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	68.10 ± 5.94^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	72.80 ± 2.28^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
		168	78.33 ± 2.58^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	75.00 ± 1.87^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c	73.20 ± 2.17^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	W. Paspalum	48	59.32 ± 2.53^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	66.60 ± 2.07^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	67.00 ± 2.35^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	73.04 ± 2.68^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	82.60 ± 2.88^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	83.40 ± 2.07^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
		168	74.72 ± 3.00^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	88.20 ± 2.05^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c	88.06 ± 2.55^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c
Bothriochloa saccharoides subsp. australis	Lettuce	48	3.80 ± 2.39 a	3.62 ± 2.60 a	3.60 ± 1.14 a
		120	4.20 ± 2.59 a	3.90 ± 0.74 a	4.00 ± 2.00 a
		168	16.54 ± 2.49^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	17.60 ± 2.70^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	13.00 ± 2.12^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	Lovegrass	48	5.80 ± 2.39 a	5.50 ± 2.06 a	4.20 ± 2.95 a
		120	8.60 ± 2.61 a	8.24 ± 2.83 a	8.60 ± 3.36 a
		168	23.46 ± 2.12^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	24.96 ± 3.33^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	23.10 ± 2.25^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	Maize	48	25.93 ± 2.55^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	38.38 ± 2.72^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	19.98 ± 2.33^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	36.38 ± 2.79^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	44.10 ± 1.75^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	42.80 ± 2.28^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
		168	38.72 ± 3.02^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	49.70 ± 2.95^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c	43.20 ± 2.17^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	W. Paspalum W. Paspalum	48	34.46 ± 5.80^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	60.38 ± 2.05^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	79.28 ± 2.31^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	38.46 ± 2.45^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) ab	63.00 ± 2.35^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	80.61 ± 2.11^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) ab
		168	41.54 ± 2.95^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	76.40 ± 1.67^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	84.36 ± 2.71^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
Bothriochloa springfieldii	Lettuce	48	2.60 ± 1.14 a	3.94 ± 2.17 a	4.40 ± 2.30 a
		120	4.20 ± 1.30 a	4.80 ± 2.04 a	3.70 ± 2.73 a
		168	16.72 ± 2.38^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	15.60 ± 3.91^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	13.00 ± 2.12^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	Lovegrass	48	4.20 ± 1.64 a	6.05 ± 3.10 a	6.60 ± 3.78 a
		120	8.60 ± 2.61 a	8.24 ± 2.36 a	8.20 ± 2.39 a
		168	23.32 ± 2.70^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	22.96 ± 3.45^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	23.10 ± 2.25^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	Maize	48	35.93 ± 2.55^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	37.80 ± 2.28^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	19.98 ± 2.33^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	51.62 ± 2.96^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	42.90 ± 2.75^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	42.80 ± 2.28^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
		168	53.18 ± 2.65^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	50.34 ± 2.41^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) c	43.20 ± 2.17^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b
	W. Paspalum	48	94.72 ± 2.34^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	59.80 ± 3.30^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	79.40 ± 1.95^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a
		120	97.02 ± 1.61^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	62.48 ± 3.32^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	80.52 ± 1.88^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) ab
		168	97.30 ± 2.17^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) a	75.80 ± 2.77^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b	84.20 ± 2.77^* * Indicate values significantly le control (P & ±x2264; 0.05) b

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[1] 4Author for correspondence: rscrivanti@imbiv.unc.edu.ar