Aerobic exercise attenuates the effects of ovariectomy and sedentarism on body composition and food intake in female rats

FRANCO, Frederico Souzalima Caldoncelli; NATALI, Antônio José; COSTA, Neuza Maria Brunoro

doi:10.1590/1678-9865202134e200263

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ORIGINAL • Rev Nutr 34 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202134e200263 copy

Aerobic exercise attenuates the effects of ovariectomy and sedentarism on body composition and food intake in female rats

Exercício aeróbico atenua os efeitos da ovariectomia e do sedentarismo na composição corporal e no consumo alimentar em ratas

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective

To evaluate the impact of low to moderate aerobic exercise and ovariectomy on body composition and food consumption in female rats.

Methods

Forty adult Wistar female rats (age: 23 weeks; body weight: 275.2±3.6g; mean±SEM) were divided into 4 groups (n=10): laparotomy-sedentary; laparotomy-exercised; ovariectomy-sedentary; and ovariectomy-exercised. The exercised groups were submitted to a treadmill running program (16m/min; 30min/day, 5 days/week), for 8 weeks. Body weight and food consumption were monitored during the experiment. Visceral fat and carcass water, protein, ash, fat and carbohydrate fractions were analyzed. Two-way ANOVA plus the Tukey’s post hoc test was used for comparisons and p<0.05 was considered significant.

Results

The ovariectomized (ovariectomy-sedentary+ovariectomy-exercised) and sedentary (laparotomy-sedentary+ovariectomy-sedentary) animals showed higher (p<0.05) weight gain, food consumption, food efficiency ratio and weight gain/body weight ratio than laparotomy animals (laparotomy-sedentary+laparotomy-exercised) and exercised (exercised laparotomy+exercised ovariectomy), respectively. The ovariectomized and sedentary animals showed higher (p<0.05) carcass weight, fat percentage and visceral fat than laparotomy and exercised rats, respectively.

Conclusion

Ovariectomy and physical inactivity increase obesogenic indicators, whereas regular aerobic exercise of low to moderate intensity attenuates these unfavorable effects in female rats.

Keywords
Food consumption; Intra-Abdominal fat; Physical exercise; Weight gain

Variables	Day of the week	Velocity (m/mim)	Time (min)	Running distance (m)
Adaptation (1 week)	Monday to Friday	5 to 7	8	50
1^st week	Monday	10	10	100
	Tuesday	10	15	150
	Wednesday	10	20	200
	Thursday	10	25	250
	Friday	10	30	300
2^nd week	Monday	10	30	300
	Tuesday	12	30	360
	Wednesday	14	30	420
	Thursday and Friday	16	30	480
3^rd to 8^th week	Monday to Friday	16	30	480
Performance test		16	30	480

		Initial Weight (g)	Final Weight (g)	Weight Gain (g)	Diet Consumption (g)	FER (%)	WGR (%)
Groups
	SS	284.2±6.7	317.8±9.0	33.6±5.7	944.8±14,5	3.6±0,6	10.5±1.6
	SE	286.1±7.1	289.9±7.1	2.9±2.8^a a vs. SS;	908.3±9,7	0.4±0,7^a a vs. SS;	1.2±2.1^a a vs. SS;
	OS	290.2±10.1	350.0±8.4^b b vs. SE,	59.8±6.2^a a vs. SS; ^b b vs. SE,	999.6±19,0^a a vs. SS;	6.0±0,6^a a vs. SS;	17.1±1.8^b b vs. SE,
	OE	296.0±12.0	324.9±14.2^b b vs. SE,	28.9±3.9^b b vs. SE, ^c c vs. OS,	929.8±21.2^c c vs. OS,	3.1±0,4^b b vs. SE, ^c c vs. OS,	8.8±1.0^b b vs. SE, ^c c vs. OS,
Exercise Factor
	Sedentary	287.2±6.5	333.9±7.1	46.7±3.5	972.2±11.8	4.8±0,4	13.8±1.2
	Exercised	291.0±6.5	307.4±7.1^d d vs. Sedentary,	13.5±3.7^d d vs. Sedentary,	919.0±11.8^d d vs. Sedentary,	1.8±0,4^d d vs. Sedentary,	5.0±1.2^d d vs. Sedentary,
Ovary Factor
	SHAM	285.1±6.5	303.9±7.1	15.9±3.7	926.5±11.8	2.0±0,4	5.8±1.2
	OVX	293.1±6.5	337.5±7.1^e e vs. SHAM for F test.	44.4±3.5^e e vs. SHAM for F test.	964.7±11.8^e e vs. SHAM for F test.	4.5±0,4^e e vs. SHAM for F test.	13.0±1.2^e e vs. SHAM for F test.

		Carcass Weight (g)	Water (%)	Protein (%)	Ash (%)	Fat (%)	CHO (%)	Visceral Fat (g)
Groups
	SS	133.3±3.3	65.8±0.5	20.3±0.4	5.6±0.2	7.8±0.7	0.5±0.1	28.7±2.6
	SE	132.5±3.3	67.4±0.5	20.5±0.4	5.3±0.2	6.1±0.7^a a vs. SS;	0.2±0.1	18.1±2.6^a a vs. SS;
	OS	140.9±3.3	64.7±0.5	19.2±0.4^a a vs. SS;	5.4±0.1	10.0±0.7^a a vs. SS;	7.0±0.2	34.9±2.6^a a vs. SS;
	OE	146.9±3.3^b b vs. SE,	66.3±0.5^c c vs. OS,	20.4±0.4^c c vs. OS,	5.2±0.1	7.9±0.7^b b vs. SE, ^c c vs. OS,	0.2±0.1	27.2±2.6^b b vs. SE, ^c c vs. OS,
Exercise Factor
	Sedentary	137.1±2.3	65.3±0.4	19.7±0.3	5.5±0.1	8.9±0.5	0.5±0.2	31.8±1.9
	Exercised	139.7±2.3	66.8±0.4^d d vs. Sedentary,	20.5±0.3^d d vs. Sedentary,	5.3±0.1	7.0±0.5^d d vs. Sedentary,	0.4±0.1	22.7±1.9^d d vs. Sedentary,
Ovary Factor
	SHAM	132.9±2.3	66.6±0.4	20.4±0.3	5.5±0.1	6.9±0.5	0.6±0.2	23.4±1.9
	OVX	143.9±2.3^e e vs. SHAM for ANOVA Two Way.	65.5±0.4^e e vs. SHAM for ANOVA Two Way.	19.8±0.3	5.3±0.1	8.9±0.5^e e vs. SHAM for ANOVA Two Way.	0.5±0.2	31.1±1.9^e e vs. SHAM for ANOVA Two Way.

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[1] Correspondece to: FSC FRANCO. E-mail: frederico.franco@ifsudestemg.edu.br.