Tabela do Conteúdo de Iodo de Alimentos compilada de bancos de dados internacionais

MILAGRES, Regina Célia Rodrigues de Miranda; SOUZA, Eliana Carla Gomes de; PELUZIO, Maria do Carmo Gouveia; FRANCESCHINI, Sylvia do Carmo Castro; DUARTE, Maria Sônia Lopes

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Sumário

Review • Rev Nutr 33 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202033e190222 copiar

Tabela do Conteúdo de Iodo de Alimentos compilada de bancos de dados internacionais

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

O objetivo deste trabalho é construir uma tabela de conteúdo de iodo de alimentos visto que tais informações são necessárias para que políticas públicas possam estabelecer metas nutricionais e no Brasil não existem dados do conteúdo de iodo dos alimentos, dificultando a avaliação do consumo pela população. Na construção da tabela utilizou-se bancos de dados de 14 países. Os alimentos utilizados foram aqueles listados na Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares de 2008-2009, exceto aqueles que continham sal de adição e os que suscitaram dúvidas em relação à existência de submissão ou não a algum preparo. A compilação dos bancos de dados internacionais do conteúdo de iodo resultou em 266 alimentos, os quais foram reunidos em 15 grupos. Foi realizada também a quantificação de iodo por grupo de alimentos e no sal iodado. Os dados foram apresentados como mediana, mínimo e máximo. Foi encontrada grande variação no conteúdo de iodo dos alimentos entre os países e inter e intra grupos de alimentos. Os que apresentaram maiores conteúdos foram o dos pescados e frutos do mar e dos laticínios. Em relação à iodação do sal, os países seguiram a recomendação da Organização Mundial da Saúde, exceto, Espanha, Noruega e Turquia. A tabela do conteúdo de iodo de alimentos poderá ser um instrumento útil para avaliação da ingestão de iodo, sendo importante em pesquisa do estado nutricional, orientação alimentar e programas de saúde pública.

Palavras-chave
Composição de alimentos; Consumo alimentar; Mineral

Countries	Documents or Databases
Australia	Australian Food, Supplement and Nutrient Database 2011-13 [¹⁶16 Food Standards Australia & New Zealand. Australian Food, Supplement and Nutrient Database. Canberra: FSANZ; 2013 [cited Apr. 29 2019]. Available from: https://www.foodstandards.gov.au/science/monitoringnutrients/ausnut/ausnutdatafiles/Pages/foodnutrient.aspx https://www.foodstandards.gov.au/science... ]
Bahrain	Food Composition Tables for Kindgom of Bahraim [¹⁷17 Musaiger AO. Food composition tables for Kingdom of Bahrain. Manama: Arab Center of Nutrition; 2011 [cited June 10 2019]. Available from: http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/food_composition/documents/pdf/FOODCOMPOSITONTABLESFORBAHRAIN.pdf http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/f... ]
Denmark	Frida Database [¹⁸18 Technical University of Denmark. Frida database. Denmark: Technical University of Denmark; 2019 [cited May 12 2019]. Available from: https://frida.fooddata.dk/disclaimer https://frida.fooddata.dk/disclaimer... ]
Spain	Base de Datos Española de Composión de Alimentos [¹⁹19 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España). Base de Datos Española de Composión de Alimentos. Madrid: BEDCA database; 2007 [citado 13 abr 2019]. Disponible: https://www.bedca.net/bdpub/index_en.php https://www.bedca.net/bdpub/index_en.php... ]
France	Ciqual French food composition table [²⁰20 Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (France). Ciqual French food composition table. Paris: The Agency; 2019 [cited March 15 2019]. Availabre from: https://ciqual.anses.fr/ https://ciqual.anses.fr/... ]
Netherlands	Nederlands Voedingsstoffenbestand (NEVO) [²¹21 National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (Netherlands). Nederlands Voedingsstoffenbestand (NEVO). Bilthoven: Institute; 2019 [cited Feb. 15 2019]. Available from: https://nevo-online.rivm.nl https://nevo-online.rivm.nl... ]
Italy	Banca Dati di Composizione degli Alimenti per Studi Epidemiologici in Italia [²²22 European Institute Oncology. Banca Dati di Composizione degli Alimenti per Studi Epidemiologici in Italia. Milan: The Institute; 2015 [cited Apr. 29 2019]. Available from: http://www.bda-ieo.it/wordpress/en/?page_id=21 http://www.bda-ieo.it/wordpress/en/?page... ]
Japan	Standards Tables of Food Composition in Japan [²³23 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan). Standards Tables of Foods Composition in Japan. 7. ed. Tokyo: The Ministry; 2015 [cited Feb. 3 2019]. Available from: https://www.mext.go.jp/en/policy/science_technology/policy/title01/detail01/sdetail01/sdetail01/1385122.htm. https://www.mext.go.jp/en/policy/science... ]
Norway	Norwegian Food Composition Database [²⁴24 Norwegian Food Safety Authority. Norwegian Food Composition Database. Oslo: The Norwegian Directorate of Health and University of Oslo; 2019 [cited Apr. 3 2019]. Available from: www.matvaretabellen.no www.matvaretabellen.no... ]
New Zealand	New Zealand Food Composition Database [²⁵25 Plant and Food Research, Ministry of Healthy (New Zealand). New Zealand Food Composition Database: Concise New Zealand Food Composition Tables. Auckland: The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited; 2019 [cited May 10 2019]. Available from: https://www.foodcomposition.co.nz/foodfiles/concise-tables/ https://www.foodcomposition.co.nz/foodfi... ]
United Kingdom	Composition of foods integrated dataset [²⁶26 Public Health England. Composition of foods integrated dataset (CoFID). London: Public Health England; 2019 [cited Apr. 10 2019]. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/composition-of-foods-integrated-dataset-cofi https://www.gov.uk/government/publicatio... ]
Sweden	The Swedish Food Composition Database [²⁷27 Swedish Food Agency. The food database. Uppsala: The Agency; 2019 [cited May 23 2019]. Available from: https://www.livsmedelsverket.se/en/food-and-content/naringsamnen/livsmedelsdatabasen https://www.livsmedelsverket.se/en/food-... ]
Switzerland	The Swiss Food Composition Database [²⁸28 Federal Department of Home Affairs (Switzerland). The Swiss Food Composition Database. Bern: Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office; 2019 [cited Feb. 27 2019]. Available from: https://www.naehrwertdaten.ch/de/ https://www.naehrwertdaten.ch/de/... ]
Turkey	Turkish Food composition Database [²⁹29 Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (Turkey). Food Composition Database. Bursa: Central Research Institute for Food and Feed Control; 2019 [cited June 2 2019]. Available from: www.turkomp.gov.tr/?locale=en www.turkomp.gov.tr/?locale=en... ]

Food		Country^* * The references to access the international iodine content tables can be seen in Chart 1;	Median µg 100g^-1	Min-Max µg 100g^-1
Cereals and legumes
	Rice (polished, parboiled, agulha, agulhinha, etc.)	1,3,4,6,8,9,10,11,13	2.00	0.00-2.60
	Brown rice	1,6,8,11	2.00	0.00-5.00
	Corn (grain)	4,5,6,8,10,12,13	0.50	0.00-5.00
	Peanut (grain) - in natura	1,4,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13	2.10	0.50-20.00
	Pea beans	1,3,4,8,11,13	1.30	0.15-2.00
	Broad beans (grain)	4,8	1.00	0.00-2.00
	Green beans	1,3,4,11,12,13	1.00	0.80-3.00
	Linseed	1,12,13	5.00	0.00-10.00
	Chickpeas	4,5,8,9,12,13	1.15	0.60-2.80
	Lentil	1,3,4,5,9,10,12,13	0.70	0.40-5.70
	Soybeans	3,4,5,8,11,12,13	2.00	0.00-24.00
	Beans (black, mulatinho, purple, rosinha, etc.)	1,2,3,4,5,8,9,10,11,12,13	1.90	0.00-6.70
	Organic green beans	13	25.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Light popcorn	5,13	1.25	0.00-2.50
	Quinoa	1,9,10	0.50	0.20-0.60
Tuberous Vegetables
	Potato	1,3,4,6,9,11,12,13	1.20	0.20-2.60
	Sweet potato	1,4,6,8,11,13	1.60	0.00-2.00
	Yam	8,10,13	1.00	0.00-1.60
	Cassava / manioc	1,9,13	1.80	1.60-2.00
	Amerindian yam	13	1.60^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Radish	1,3,4,6,8,9,12,13	1.00	0.70-3.00
	Beet	1,3,5,9,10,12	0.50	0.30-0.90
	Carrot	1,2,3,4,6,9,12,13	1.80	0.40-9.50
	Turnip	1,4	10.25	0.50-20.00
	Saffron	9	11.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Organic potato	6	2.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
Flours, Starches, and Pasta
	Oatmeal flour	4,6,8,9,10,13	0.50	0.00-20.00
	Rolled oats	4,9,10,13	1.25	0.00-6.00
	Corn flour	1,3,4,5,6,9	0.60	0.60-1.00
	Maize starch	1,3,4,5,6,8,9,12,13	0.70	0.00-3.70
	Rice starch	4	0.60^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Flaked corn breakfast cereal	3,4,5,6,9,10,12	0.90	0.00-5.00
	Wheat germ	1,3,4,5,12,13	0.25	0.15-5.00
	Wheat fiber	4,13	1.55	-30.1.00
	Cereal flakes	9,12,13	1.50	0.00-2.00
	Spaghetti	3,4,5,9,11,13	1.95	0.60-12.00
	Ground peanuts	1,8,13	2.10	1.00-3.20
	Granola	4	5.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Muslix	3	0.91^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Cereal mix	4	8.50^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Instant noodles	4	6.90^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Soy protein	1	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Organic soy protein	1	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
Coconuts, chestnuts, and walnuts
	Coconut (dry or green)	1,4,5,7,9,11,12,13	1.00	0.30-3.00
	Portuguese chestnut	1,3,4,8	0.06	0.00-0.50
	Pine nut	4,5,6,9,13	0.20	0.20-0.20
	Almond	1,3,4,8,9,10,11,12,13	0.50	0.00-2.00
	Hazelnut	1,4,5,9,10,11,12,13	3.55	0.00-17.00
	Brazil nut	3,4,5,8,9,11,12	0.375	0.00-21.00
	Cashew nut	4,6,7,9,10,11,12,13	6.25	0.00-11.00
	Walnut	1,3,4,5,6,11,12,13	5.80	0.50-17.00
	Horse chestnut	5	0.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Pistachio	1,7,10,12,13	6.00	0.50-12.00
Leafy Vegetables, Fruits and Others
	Lettuce	1,4,5,6,8,9,11,12,13	1.25	0.60-7.00
	Chicory	1,3,4,6,8,9,12,13	0.70	0.40-2.40
	Escarole	4	3.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Cabbage	1,4,5,8,9,10,11,12	0.75	0.00-2.60
	Bell pepper	2,4,5,6,9,11,12	1.00	0.00-6.00
	Okra	1,6	1.95	0.90-3.00
	Tomato	1,2,3,4,5,6,9,10,11,12,13	2.00	0.10-8.80
	Green beans	10,13	1.05	0.30-1.80
	Fresh mushroom	1,3,4,5,6,8,10,12,13	1.00	0.00-3.00
	Eggplant	1,4,9,10,11,13	0.35	0.00-1.20
	Green peas	3,4,5,8,9,13	0.575	0.15-4.20
	Onion	1,3,4,6,8,9,10,11,12,13	1.40	0.50-8.90
	Garlic	1,3,4,6,8,9,10,11,12,13	2.00	0.00-4.70
	Leek	1,3,4,6,9,10,12,13	1.05	0.27-8.60
	Alfalfa sprout	1,8,9,12	1.05	0.00-2.00
Fruits
	Banana (dessert, gold, silver, cooking, etc.)	1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13	2.25	0.00-8.00
	Orange (Pêra, Natal, Bahia, Valencia, Hamlin, etc.)	1,3,4,6,7,9,10,11,12,13	1.00	0.00-2.50
	Lime	1,4,7,9,12,13	0.75	0.00-1.05
	Lemon (common, Galician, etc.)	1,3,7,8,9,10,11,12,13	0.30	0.00-23.0
	Tangerine (Citrus reticulata)	1,3,11,13	0.65	0.30-1.00
	Tangerine (Citrus deliciosa)	1,3,10,13	0.40	0.20-1.00
	Pineapple	1,3,4,5,8,9,10,12,13	1.00	0.00-4.30
	Avocado	1,4,10,11,12,13	1.35	0.50-2.00
	Khaki	4,7,9,13	1.00	0.10-1.60
	Fig	1,4,8,10,12,13	1.15	0.00-1.50
	Apple	1,3,6,9,10,11,12,13	0.77	0.00-4.00
	Papaya	1,4,8,9,12,13	0.45	0.00-1.00
	Mango	1,3,4,7,8,9,10,12,13	0.32	0.00-2.00
	Passion fruit	1,5,9,10,12,13	0.95	0.10-1.30
	Watermelon	1,2,3,5,8,10,12,13	0.27	0.00-10.00
	Melon	1,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,12,13	0.40	0.10-7.00
	Pear	4,6,7,8,9,10,12,13	1.00	0.00-2.50
	Peach	1,3,4,7,8,9,10,12,13	1.80	0.00-3.00
	Pinecone	4,8	0.75	0.00-1.50
	Grape	1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10,12,13	1.00	0.00-2.50
	Raisins	1,4,7,9,10,13	2.00	1.70-2.90
	Guava	1,4,7,9,12	0.50	0.00-1.50
	Plum	1,4,9,10,12,13	0.95	0.00-2.00
	Cherry	1,3,4,7,9,10,13	1.00	0.10-2.20
	Star fruit	9	0.10^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Strawberry	1,3,4,5,7,9,10,13	0.75	0.05-9.00
	Tamarind	1	0.50^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Cocoa	4,6,7,9,12,13	2.90	2.00-3.10
	Nectarine	1,3,4,9,11,12	1.75	0.30-3.00
	Pomegranate	1,7,9,12	0.50	0.00-1.00
	Acerola “cherry”	13	5.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Kiwi	1,3,4,5,8,9,10,12,13	0.60	0.00-1.40
	Blackberry	1,3,5,9,13	0.40	0.40-0.50
Sugars and pastries
	Demerara	1,4,6,13	0.00	0.00-0.50
	Rapadura (solid form of sucrose)	1,6	0.25	0.00-0.50
	Chocolate (bar)	4,1	16.05	11.00-21.10
	Chocolate (powder of any brand)	6	0.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Ovaltine	6,13	5.95	2.50-9.40
	Peanut butter	3,4,5,12	0.50	0.50-2.00
	Marmalade	3,5,9,10	0.40	0.25-1.40
	Honey	1,3,4,6,8,10,13	0.50	0.00-5.00
	Gelatin of any flavor	1,3,6,9,12	2.50	0.20-6.00
	Meringue	9,12	1.60	1.20-2.00
	Pudding of any flavor	8,9,12,13	8.10	6.00-17.80
	Easter egg	1	12.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Sugar	1,4,9,13	0.25	0.00-5.00
	Light sugar	1	0.50^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Cereal bar	4	14.60^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Milk shake	3,4,6,9	11.90	7.20-16.70
Condiments
	Mint	1,4,13	4.00	3.00-6.60
	Cilantro	1,9	3.65	0.70-6.60
	Chili powder	8,9,13	5.00	0.05-5.00
	Sesame	1,4,9,10,12,13	0.25	0.00-10.00
Meat, pork and offal
	Filet mignon	4,6,8,13	2.98	0.10-11.00
	Striploin	1,5,8	1.00	0.90-1.20
	Beef steak	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Rump steak	1,3,5,6,8	1.00	0.50-2.90
	Sirloin cap	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Knuckle	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Loin (beef)	1,3,4,5,8	1.00	0.50-3.13
	Eyeround	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Chuck	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Forerib	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Shoulder clod	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Shoulder with bone	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Beef muscle	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Brisket point end	4,8	4.00	1.00-7.00
	Flank steak	4,8	4.00	1.00-7.00
	Flank – round cap	4,8,9	1.80	1.00-7.00
	Rib (Beef)	5,6,8,13	2.80	1.00-3.2.00
	Beef heart	3,4,5,7,8,9	1.90	1.00-30.00
	Beef kidney	5,6,7,8	10.50	4.20-15.00
	Beef offal	8	6.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Beef liver	3,4,6,7,8,9,12,13	4.30	3.00-13.00
	Hump steak	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Beef tongue	3,5,6,7,8,	2.30	1.00-5.00
	Beef mocotó	9	1.40^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.
	Carré / pork chop	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.
	Pork shank	3,7,8	1.00	1.00-8.00
	Pork rib	5,8,12	1.00	0.80-5.00
	Pork loin	1,3,4,5,7,89,12,13	1.80	0.10-5.00
	Bacon	12,13	2.50	0.00-5.00
	Pork	4,6,8	1.00	1.00-3.00
	Ground beef	4,8	4.00	1.00-7.00
	Pork liver	3,4,8	3.10	1.00-10.00
	Pork tongue	3,4	7.70	1.40-14.00
	Kid meat	3,8	2.00	1.00-3.00
	Goat meat	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Mutton	6,7,8	6.00	1.00-7.00
	Pork rump	1,3,5,8	0.70	0.50-1.00
	Pork backbone	8	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Beef	3,5,6,7,8,9,12	1.00	0.80-7.00
Fish and seafood
	Sea fish (whole, fillet, sliced, etc.)	4,13,14	45.00	40.40-80.51
	Shrimp	4,5,6,8,9,10,12,13	24.50	5.00-210.00
	Crab (Arenaeus cribrarius)	3,4,5,8,10	58.00	0.00-60.00
	Crab (Ucides cordatus)	1,3,5,6,7,10	40.75	0.00-60.00
	Shellfish	8,13,14	101.13	73.00-130.00
	Oyster	1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12	66.50	20.00-160.00
	Squid	1,4,5,7,8,13	20.00	8.00-64.00
	Fish eggs (any species)	1	27.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Unspecified fish (whole, fillet, sliced, etc.)	1	35.50^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
Poultry and eggs
	Whole chicken	1,3,4,5,6,7,8	4.10	0.40-8.00
	Chicken breast	1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10	1.40	0.50-8.00
	Chicken fillet	1,4,6,8,9	1.80	1.00-5.00
	Chicken wings	1,4,6,8	5.00	1.00-6.90
	Chicken gizzards	5,8	0.70	0.40-1.00
	Chicken heart	1,4,8,9,12	1.20	0.00-7.00
	Chicken liver	1,4,6,9,10,12	2.70	1.40-5.00
	Turkey (unspecified parts)	4,7,12	2.20	2.00-5.00
	Turkey wing	4,7	4.00	2.00-6.00
	Quail	1	3.10^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Chicken wings and feet	6,7	6.50	5.00-8.00
	Chicken eggs	1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,13	32.00	2.00-57.60
	Quail egg	1,4	50.80	44.00 -57.60
	Duck breast	6,8	4.10	1.2-7.00
	Duck meat	1,4,6,7,8	1.20	1.2-7.00
Dairy products
	Whole cow milk	1,3,4,5,6,8,9,13	14.85	9.00-24.80
	Fresh cow milk	1,2,3,4,5,8,9,10	17.90	7.00-52.50
	Goat milk	1,4,13	10.00	5.00-22.30
	Powdered milk	1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10,12	30.00	7.00-150.00
	Condensed milk	4,5,6,7,8,12,13	35.00	8.00-160.00
	Table cream	8,12	9.20	8.00-10.40
	Whipped cream	6,12	8.60	7.30-9.90
	Yogurt of any flavor	3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,13	11.70	5.50-48.00
	Low-fat yogurt	1,3,4,5,6,7,8,11,12,13	14.45	5.30-48.00
	Natural yogurt	1,3,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,13	13.50	8.00-63.00
	Dairy beverages	4,5,11	24.30	11.00-25.00
	Fermented milk	3,4,5,6,12	6.00	4.00-24.30
	Curd	4,12	12.00	9.00-15.00
	Flavored soy milk	1,3,4,6,11,12,13	1.00	0.00-90.35
	Unspecified cheese	4,5,13	4.80	1.70-24.20
	Flavored milk	1	6.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Aromatized milk	1	6.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Cream	1,4,10,12,13	8.00	1.00-12.00
	Skimmed cow milk	4,5,6,9,12,13	14.15	3.10-16.00
	Semi-skimmed cow milk	3,4,5,9,10,13	11.15	8.50-20.00
	Pasteurized, unspecified milk type	3,5,9	11.70	7.00-14.80
	Flavored milk	8,9,10	13.00	6.30-14.00
	Aromatized milk	8,9	14.50	13.00-16.00
Non-Alcoholic Drinks and Infusions
	Traditional cola soda	2,4,5,7,13	0.00	0.00-4.10
	Traditional Coca Cola	4,7	0.50	0.00-1.00
	Traditional orange soda	5	0.40^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Traditional guarana soda	5	0.40^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Diet yogurt of any flavor	5	0.40^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Traditional grape soda	4,5	0.20	0.00-0.40
	Coconut water	1,12	0.25	0.00-0.50
	Yeast	13	4,00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Barley powder	3,4,6,9,13	0.50	0.20-5.00
	Traditional tonic water	1,13	0.30	0.00-0.60
	Diet tea (black, chamomile, lemon balm, lemon grass, etc.)	2,3,6,13	0.70	0.22-2.80
	Energy drink	1,9	0.25	0.00-0.50
	Tea (black, chamomile, lemon balm, lemon grass, etc.)	5,6,9,13	0.31	0.00-1.00
	Nescafé	1	0.60^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Yeast	1	16.60^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Beer (with alcohol)	1,3,4,5,7,8,9,12,13	1.00	0.00-8.00
	Brandy / cachaça	1	0.50^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Vodka	1,4,12	0.00	0.00-0.50
	Whiskey	1	0.50^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Champagne	3	35.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Champagne cider	1,5,6,13	1.10	0.50-10.00
	Cognac	1,13	0.25	0.00-0.50
	Wine	1,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,13,14	2.00	0.00-10.00
	Beer (without alcohol)	1,7,9	0.75	0.50-1.00
Oil and fat
	Olive oil	3,4,5,8,12,13	0.00	0.00-0.00
	Soy oil	1,3,5,8,9,12,13	0.00	0.00-0.80
	Pork lard	1,3,5,7,8	1.80	0.00-7.00
	Lard	1	0.50^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Palm oil	12	0.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
Miscellaneous
	Pineapple juice	1,5,9,10	1.05	0.20-1.90
	Orange juice	1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,13	1.00	0.00-2.00
	Mango juice	4,5	1.90	0.80-3.00
	Peach juice	7,1	1.80	0.60-3.00
	Peach juice syrup	13	2.60^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Banana smoothie	1	11.20^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Smoothie	1	11.30^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Gooseberry	4	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Lemon soda	7	1.00^ The absolute values were presented because these foods were found in the database of only one country; 1: Australia; 2: Bahrain; 3: Denmark; 4: Spain; 5: France; 6: Netherlands; 7: Italy; 8: Japan; 9: Norway; 10: New Zealand; 11: United Kingdom; 12: Sweden; 13: Switzerland; 14: Turkey.	-
	Coffee with milk	4,5,8,9,11,13	3.85	2.00-17.40
	Espresso	1,5,9,10,12	1.10	0.10-3.00

Food groups	Number of foods	^* * The references to access the international iodine content tables can be seen in Chart 1. Median µg 100 g^-1	Min-max µg 100 g^-1
Cereals and Legumes	15	1.30	0.50-25.00
Tuberous Vegetables	11	1.80	0.50-10.25
Flours, Starches, and Pasta	17	1.00	0.50-8.50
Coconuts, Chestnuts, and Walnuts	10	0.55	0.10-6.25
Leafy Vegetables, Fruits and Others	33	1.05	0.15-5.00
Fruits	33	0.77	1.00-5.00
Sugars and Pastries	17	0.50	0.00-16.05
Salts and Condiments	4	3.82	0.25-5.00
Meat and offal	39	1.00	0.70-10.50
Fish and Seafood	9	40.75	20.00-101.13
Poultry and Eggs	15	3.1	0.70-50.80
Dairy products	23	11.70	1.00-17.90
Non-Alcoholic Drinks and Infusions	24	0.50	0.00-35.00
Oil and fat	5	0.00	0.00-1.80
Miscellaneous	11	1.80	1.00-11.30

Countries	^* * The references to access the international iodine content tables can be seen in Chart 1. Iodized salt µg 100g^-1
Australia	4400.00
Bahrain	-
Denmark	1560.00
Spain	600.00
France	1860.00
Netherlands	-
Italy	-
Japan	^ Value not found.
Norway	500.00
New Zealand	4900.00
United Kingdom	-
Sweden	5000.00
Switzerland	2500.00
Turkey	950.81

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[1] Correspondence to: RCRM MILAGRES. E-mail:<reginamilagres@ufv.br>.