Ion release from non precious dental alloys in the oral cavity

Quezada-Castillo, Elvar; Aguilar-Castro, Wilder; Quezada-Alván, Bertha

doi:10.1590/1517-7076-RMAT-2022-48593

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Articles • Matéria (Rio J.) 27 (02) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-7076-RMAT-2022-48593 copy

Ion release from non precious dental alloys in the oral cavity

Liberación de iones de aleaciones dentales no preciosas en la cavidad oral

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Dental alloys in the oral cavity release ions by corrosive action of saliva, which are deposited in the lower part of the mouth, others diffuse through the gums and most of them pass to the gastrointestinal system. In the present work, nine dental alloys frequently used in our country by people with low resources (316L stainless steel, low and high copper silver amalgams, Co-Cr and Ni-Cr alloys, Cu and Ti-6Al-4V base alloys). Its open circuit corrosion potential was measured, its potentiodynamic polarization curves were plotted and corrosion products were analyzed by EDAX, finding Hg, Ag, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn and Si ions, which can affect the health of users, so it is recommended that dentists and dental technicians inform patients who suffer from hypersensitivity do not use alloys containing potentially allergic metals.

Keywords
Corrosion; dental alloys; artificial saliva; corrosion products; polarization curves

ALLOY	TRADENAME	CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (WEIGHT%)
Fe - Cr-Ni-Mn	316L SS	C 0.02 – Cr 17.00 – Ni 12.00 – Mn 1.60 – Si 0.80 – P 0.03 – S 0.02
Cu - Ni	Auro Cast	Cu 57.90 – Ni 22.10 – Al 15.00 – Fe 5.00
Amalgama Alto Cu	Duralloy	Ag 45.00 – Sn 31.00 – Cu 24.000
Cu - Al	Orcast soft	Cu 77.00 – Al 6.50 – Zn 12.50 – Ni 4.50
Cu - Zn	Oropent	Cu 54.10 – Zn 45.70 – Fe 0.05 – Ni 0.02
Amalgama Bajo Cu	Standalloy	Ag 71.00 – Sn 25.70 – Cu 3.30
Ti	Ti-6Al-4V	Ti 89.44 – Al 6.10 – V 4.10 – Fe 0.28 – C 0.08
Co - Cr	Vera PDN	Co 63.50 – Cr 27.00 – Mo 5.50 – Fe 2.00 – Ni 1.00
Ni - Cr	VeraBond	Ni 77.90 – Cr 12.60 – Mo 5.00 – Be 1.90 – Al 2.90

COMPONENT	CONCENTRATION (g/L)
NaCl	0.600
KCl	0.720
CaCl₂.2H₂O	0.220
KH₂ PO₄	0.680
Na₂HPO₂.12H₂O	0.856
KSCN	0.060
KHCO₃	1.500
H₈C₆O₇ (Ácido cítrico)	0.030

ALLOYS	TRADENAME	V_corr (V_sce)	I_corr (µA/cm²)
Fe – Cr	316L SS	–0.198 ± 0.007	0.220
Cu – Ni	Aurocast	–0.287 ± 0.008	4.270
High Cooper Amalgam	Duralloy S	–0.346 ± 0.010	0.140
Cu – Al	Orcast soft	–0.370 ± 0.005	2.840
Titanium base alloy	Ti-6Al-4V	–0.402 ± 0.008	1.460
Ni – Cr – Mo	Verabond	–0.450 ± 0.012	2.740
Cu – Zn	Oropent	–0.524 ± 0.017	0.050
Co – Cr	Vera PDN	–0.591 ± 0.010	0.590
Low Cooper Amalgam	Standalloy F	–0.625 ± 0.012	0.120

Laboratório de Hidrogênio, Coppe - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, em cooperação com a Associação Brasileira do Hidrogênio, ABH2 Av. Moniz Aragão, 207, 21941-594, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, Tel: +55 (21) 3938-8791 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: revmateria@gmail.com

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[1] e-mail: wilderag@yahoo.com, elvarq@yahoo.es, quezada_b@yahoo.es