Evaluation of formulations for predicting the shear strength of concrete filled circular holes in steel plates

Miranda, Larice Gomes Justino; Aguiar, Otávio Prates; Silvério, Paulo Estevão Carvalho; Caldas, Rodrigo Barreto

doi:10.1590/S1983-41952022000400001

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Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. IBRACON Estrut. Mater. 15 (4) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1983-41952022000400001 copy

Evaluation of formulations for predicting the shear strength of concrete filled circular holes in steel plates

Avaliação de fórmulas para obtenção da capacidade resistente dos furos circulares em chapa de aço preenchidos com concreto

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Since the development of perforated plate shear connectors, different formulations have been proposed to predict their shear strength. Most of these formulations were derived from standard push-tests on multiple concrete filled holes (CFH) specimens simulating specific steel-concrete composite beam applications. Aiming at a more general application of these connectors in composite structures and the understanding of the physical and geometric parameters that influence their shear strength, the present work evaluated the use of 12 different formulations to predict 92 test results of single-hole specimens extracted from the literature. Such tests were chosen because the single-hole configuration allows better isolation of the connection behavior which facilitates comparative analysis. The predictions were statistically evaluated, and it was considered that the best formulations were those that showed lower scatter of data and a correction factor closer to one. Also, it was investigated if the individual terms that constitute the formulations adequately describe or show relation to the mechanics that govern the connection. It was verified that the best statistically rated formulations were also the ones showing clearer relation to the connector mechanical behavior. Among the evaluated formulations, three were significantly better than the others for strength prediction, however, it was noted that they can be further improved by considering the influence of concrete confinement and plate thickness on the hole’s strength.

Keywords:
composite structures; shear connectors; concrete filled circular holes in steel plates; push tests; statistical evaluation

Author	Specimen	Test setup	Concrete strength, f_c (MPa)	Hole diameter, d (mm)	Plate thickness, t (mm)	Diameter of the transverse rebar, d_s (mm)	Average ultimate load, P_u (kN)
Su et al. [⁹9 Q. T. Su, W. Wang, H. W. Luan, and G. T. Yang, "Experimental research on bearing mechanism of perfobond rib shear connectors," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 95, pp. 22–31, Apr 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.11.020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.11... ]	SCP-50	Plug-in	47.12	50	20	0	206.64
	SCP-60	Plug-in	47.12	60	20	0	314.09
	SCP-75	Plug-in	47.12	75	20	0	386.82
	SBP-24	Plug-in	47.12	24	20	22	316.75
	SBP-60	Plug-in	47.12	60	20	22	411.51
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	C-b0r0d1	Plug-in	46.1	60	25	0	246.5
	C-b1r0d1	Plug-in	46.1	60	25	0	370
	C-b1r1d0	Plug-in	46.1	21	25	20	325.5
	C-b0r1d1	Plug-in	46.1	60	25	20	449
	C-b1r1d1	Plug-in	46.1	60	25	20	547
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	CP-1	Push-out	59.5	50	20	20	388.77
	CP-2	Push-out	59.5	60	20	20	426.17
	CP-3	Push-out	59.5	75	20	20	514.23
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	D30T12R10	Plug-in	32.15	30	12	10	90.27
	D40T12R13	Plug-in	29	40	12	13	177.96
	D40T12R16	Plug-in	29	40	12	16	238.64
	D60T12R10	Plug-in	32.27	60	12	10	250.18
	D60T12R13	Plug-in	32.5	60	12	13	238.21
	D60T12R16	Plug-in	33.3	60	12	16	246.57
	D60T19R16	Plug-in	34.1	60	19	16	242.28
	D60T25R16	Plug-in	34.1	60	25	16	269.53
	D70T12R13	Plug-in	29	70	12	13	279.59
	D70T12R16	Plug-in	29	70	12	16	301.24
	D90T12R10	Plug-in	32.15	90	12	10	413.72
Xiao et al. [¹²12 L. Xiao, X. Li, and Z. J. Ma, "Behavior of perforated shear connectors in steel–concrete composite joints of hybrid bridges," J. Bridge Eng., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 1–15, Apr 2017, http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-... ]	ST16	Push-out	41.68	60	20	16	222.9
	ST16C	Push-out	26.56	60	20	16	159.6
	ST16T	Push-out	41.68	60	8	16	158.35
	PT16	Plug-in	41.68	60	20	16	396.93
	PT16C	Plug-in	26.56	60	20	16	328.08
	PT16T	Plug-in	41.68	60	8	16	246

Authors	Predicting models
Oguejiofor and Hosain [⁷7 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "A parametric study of perfobond rib shear connectors," Can. J. Civ. Eng., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 614–625, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063... ]	$q = 0.590 A_{c c} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 1.233 A_{t r} f_{y} + 2.871 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}}$
Oguejiofor and Hosain [¹⁴14 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors," Comput. Struc., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 617–624, Feb 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00270-2. https://doi.org/ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016... ]	$q = 4.50 h t f_{c} + 3.31 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 0.91 A_{t r} f_{y}$
Hosaka et al. [¹⁵15 T. Hosaka, K. Mitsuki, H. Hiragi, Y. Ushijima, Y. Tachibana, and H. Watanabe, "An experimental study on shear characteristics of perfobond strip and its rational strength equations," J. Struct. Eng., vol. 46, pp. 1593–1604, 2000.]	$Q = 3.38 d^{2} \sqrt{t / d} f_{c} - 39$ , without transverse rebars*
	$Q = 1.45 [(d^{2} - d_{s}^{2}) f_{c} + d_{s}^{2} f_{u}] - 26.1$ , with transverse rebars*
Medberry and Shahrooz [¹⁶16 S. B. Medberry and B. M. Shahrooz, "Perfobond shear connector for composite construction," Eng. J. (N.Y.), vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2002.]	$P = 0.747 b h_{e c s} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 0.413 b_{f} L_{c} + 1.304 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 0.9 A_{t r} f_{y}$
Veríssimo [¹⁷17 G. S. Veríssimo, “Desenvolvimento de um conector de cisalhamento em chapa dentada para estruturas mistas de aço e concreto e estudo do seu comportamento,” D.Sc. thesis, Dept. Eng. Estruturas, Univ. Fed. Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2007.]	$q = 3.68 \sqrt{h / b} h t f_{c} + 2.60 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 0.13 A_{c c} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 34.3 \times 10^{6} (A_{t r} / A_{c c})$
Al-Darzi et al. [¹⁸18 S. Y. K. Al-Darzi, A. R. Chen, and Y. Q. Liu, "Finite element simulation and parametric studies of perfobond rib connector," Am. J. Appl. Sci., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 122–127, Mar 2007.]	$q = 255309 + 0.762 h t f_{c} - 7.59 \times 10^{- 4} A_{t r} f_{y} + 3.97 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}}$
Ahn et al. [¹⁹19 J. H. Ahn, C. G. Lee, J. H. Won, and S. H. Kim, "Shear resistance of the perfobond-rib shear connector depending on concrete strength and rib arrangement," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 1295–1307, Oct 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04... ]	$q = 3.14 h t f_{c} + 2.98 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 1.21 A_{t r p} f_{y}$ , for single CFH rib $q = 2.76 h t f_{c} + 2.61 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 1.06 A_{t r p} f_{y}$ , for twin CFH rib
Zhao and Liu [²⁰20 C. Zhao and Y. Q. Liu, "Experimental study of shear capacity of perfobond connector," Eng. Mech., vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 349–354, 2012.]	$Q = 1.38 (d^{2} - d_{s}^{2}) f_{c} + 1.24 d_{s}^{2} f_{y}$
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	$q = τ_{b} A_{b} + 1.06 A_{c} f_{c u} + 2.09 A_{s} f_{y}$ ; $τ_{b} = - 0.022 f_{c u} + 0.306 \sqrt{f_{c u}} - 0.573$
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	$Q = 1.76 α_{A} (A - A_{s}) f_{c} + 1.58 A_{s} f_{y}$ ; $α_{A} = 3.80 {(A_{s} / A)}^{2 / 3}$
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	$q = 0.15 A f_{c}^{0.65} A_{l}^{0.43} t^{- 0.5}$ , without transverse rebars*
	$q = 0.15 α (A - A_{s}) f_{c}^{0.65} A_{l}^{0.43} t^{- 0.5} + 0.84 d_{s} f_{y} d^{0.1} t^{0.8}$ ; $α = 6.9 d_{s}^{0.4} d^{- 0.7}$ , with transverse rebars*
Braun [²¹21 M. Braun, “Investigation of the load-bearing behavior of CoSFB-dowels,” Ph.D. dissertation, Fac. Sci. Technol. Commun., Univ. Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 2018.]	$q = 36.919 {(f_{c} t d \times 10^{- 3})}^{0.287} + (π d_{s}^{2} f_{y} / 2 \sqrt{3}) \times 10^{- 3}$

Author	Test setup	f_cu	f_c	d	t	d_s
Author	Test setup	(MPa)	(MPa)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)
Oguejiofor and Hosain [⁷7 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "A parametric study of perfobond rib shear connectors," Can. J. Civ. Eng., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 614–625, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063... ]	Push-out	-	20.91 - 41.43	50	13	10
Oguejiofor and Hosain [¹⁴14 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors," Comput. Struc., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 617–624, Feb 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00270-2. https://doi.org/ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016... ]	Push-out	-	20 - 40	35; 50	6; 13	-
Hosaka et al. [¹⁵15 T. Hosaka, K. Mitsuki, H. Hiragi, Y. Ushijima, Y. Tachibana, and H. Watanabe, "An experimental study on shear characteristics of perfobond strip and its rational strength equations," J. Struct. Eng., vol. 46, pp. 1593–1604, 2000.]	Push-out	-	23.8 - 57.6	35 - 80	8 - 22	5.1 - 28.6
Medberry and Shahrooz [¹⁶16 S. B. Medberry and B. M. Shahrooz, "Perfobond shear connector for composite construction," Eng. J. (N.Y.), vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2002.]	Push-out	-	39.6 - 45.5	50	12.7; 19	-
Veríssimo [¹⁷17 G. S. Veríssimo, “Desenvolvimento de um conector de cisalhamento em chapa dentada para estruturas mistas de aço e concreto e estudo do seu comportamento,” D.Sc. thesis, Dept. Eng. Estruturas, Univ. Fed. Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2007.]	Push-out	-	20.91 - 41.43	50	13	10
Al-Darzi et al. [¹⁸18 S. Y. K. Al-Darzi, A. R. Chen, and Y. Q. Liu, "Finite element simulation and parametric studies of perfobond rib connector," Am. J. Appl. Sci., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 122–127, Mar 2007.]	Push-out	54.6	-	50	-	-
Ahn et al. [¹⁹19 J. H. Ahn, C. G. Lee, J. H. Won, and S. H. Kim, "Shear resistance of the perfobond-rib shear connector depending on concrete strength and rib arrangement," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 1295–1307, Oct 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04... ]	Push-out	-	28.1 - 52.6	55	6	16
Zhao and Liu [²⁰20 C. Zhao and Y. Q. Liu, "Experimental study of shear capacity of perfobond connector," Eng. Mech., vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 349–354, 2012.]	Push-out and plug-in	20 - 70	-	35 - 90	-	10-25
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	Plug-in	58.1	46.1	21; 60	25	20
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	Push-out	70.3	59.5	50; 60; 75	20	20
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	Plug-in	-	29 - 34.1	30; 40; 60; 70; 90	12; 19; 25	10; 13; 16
Braun [²¹21 M. Braun, “Investigation of the load-bearing behavior of CoSFB-dowels,” Ph.D. dissertation, Fac. Sci. Technol. Commun., Univ. Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 2018.]	Slim Floor	30 - 67	25 - 55	25; 40	7.5; 15.5	12

Formulation	V_δ	b
Hosaka et al. [¹⁵15 T. Hosaka, K. Mitsuki, H. Hiragi, Y. Ushijima, Y. Tachibana, and H. Watanabe, "An experimental study on shear characteristics of perfobond strip and its rational strength equations," J. Struct. Eng., vol. 46, pp. 1593–1604, 2000.]	0.2568	0.7769
Zhao and Liu [²⁰20 C. Zhao and Y. Q. Liu, "Experimental study of shear capacity of perfobond connector," Eng. Mech., vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 349–354, 2012.]	0.2714	1.0125
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	0.2838	1.0306
Braun [²¹21 M. Braun, “Investigation of the load-bearing behavior of CoSFB-dowels,” Ph.D. dissertation, Fac. Sci. Technol. Commun., Univ. Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 2018.]	0.3689	1.6258
Al-Darzi et al. [¹⁸18 S. Y. K. Al-Darzi, A. R. Chen, and Y. Q. Liu, "Finite element simulation and parametric studies of perfobond rib connector," Am. J. Appl. Sci., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 122–127, Mar 2007.]	0.3701	0.8767
Ahn et al. [¹⁹19 J. H. Ahn, C. G. Lee, J. H. Won, and S. H. Kim, "Shear resistance of the perfobond-rib shear connector depending on concrete strength and rib arrangement," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 1295–1307, Oct 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04... ]	0.3705	2.0104
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	0.3842	1.0407
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	0.4158	1.1943
Oguejiofor and Hosain [¹⁴14 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors," Comput. Struc., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 617–624, Feb 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00270-2. https://doi.org/ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016... ]	0.4493	0.9028
Oguejiofor and Hosain [⁷7 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "A parametric study of perfobond rib shear connectors," Can. J. Civ. Eng., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 614–625, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063... ]	0.4597	0.4483
Medberry and Shahrooz [¹⁶16 S. B. Medberry and B. M. Shahrooz, "Perfobond shear connector for composite construction," Eng. J. (N.Y.), vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2002.]	0.5056	1.0395
Veríssimo [¹⁷17 G. S. Veríssimo, “Desenvolvimento de um conector de cisalhamento em chapa dentada para estruturas mistas de aço e concreto e estudo do seu comportamento,” D.Sc. thesis, Dept. Eng. Estruturas, Univ. Fed. Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2007.]	0.5359	0.6072

Formulation	Variation of compressive concrete strength		Variation of diameter of the transverse rebar		Variation of plate thickness		Variation of hole diameter		Average
Formulation	push-out	plug-in	d=40	d=70	push-out	plug-in	push-out	plug-in	Average
Zhao and Liu [²⁰20 C. Zhao and Y. Q. Liu, "Experimental study of shear capacity of perfobond connector," Eng. Mech., vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 349–354, 2012.]	1.10	1.01	0.62	1.73	0.00	0.00	2.05	1.13	0.95
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	0.83	0.76	0.85	2.38	0.00	0.00	1.46	0.85	0.89
Hosaka et al. [¹⁵15 T. Hosaka, K. Mitsuki, H. Hiragi, Y. Ushijima, Y. Tachibana, and H. Watanabe, "An experimental study on shear characteristics of perfobond strip and its rational strength equations," J. Struct. Eng., vol. 46, pp. 1593–1604, 2000.]	1.16	1.06	0.98	2.74	0.00	0.00	2.15	1.17	1.16
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	0.72	0.66	0.87	2.93	0.00	0.00	0.69	-	0.84
Oguejiofor and Hosain [⁷7 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "A parametric study of perfobond rib shear connectors," Can. J. Civ. Eng., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 614–625, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063... ]	0.94	0.87	0.53	1.48	0.00	0.00	0.55	0.34	0.59
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	0.67	0.79	0.21	1.36	-0.91	-0.57	1.52	0.91	0.50
Ahn et al. [¹⁹19 J. H. Ahn, C. G. Lee, J. H. Won, and S. H. Kim, "Shear resistance of the perfobond-rib shear connector depending on concrete strength and rib arrangement," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 1295–1307, Oct 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04... ]	0.22	0.20	0.52	1.45	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.35	0.41
Braun [²¹21 M. Braun, “Investigation of the load-bearing behavior of CoSFB-dowels,” Ph.D. dissertation, Fac. Sci. Technol. Commun., Univ. Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 2018.]	0.22	0.20	0.49	1.38	0.41	0.17	0.12	0.08	0.38
Oguejiofor and Hosain [¹⁴14 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors," Comput. Struc., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 617–624, Feb 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00270-2. https://doi.org/ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016... ]	0.25	0.23	0.39	1.09	0.00	0.00	0.64	0.39	0.37
Veríssimo [¹⁷17 G. S. Veríssimo, “Desenvolvimento de um conector de cisalhamento em chapa dentada para estruturas mistas de aço e concreto e estudo do seu comportamento,” D.Sc. thesis, Dept. Eng. Estruturas, Univ. Fed. Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2007.]	0.35	0.32	0.24	0.67	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.31	0.30
Medberry and Shahrooz [¹⁶16 S. B. Medberry and B. M. Shahrooz, "Perfobond shear connector for composite construction," Eng. J. (N.Y.), vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2002.]	0.10	0.09	0.38	1.08	0.00	0.00	0.25	0.16	0.26
Al-Darzi et al. [¹⁸18 S. Y. K. Al-Darzi, A. R. Chen, and Y. Q. Liu, "Finite element simulation and parametric studies of perfobond rib connector," Am. J. Appl. Sci., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 122–127, Mar 2007.]	0.29	0.27	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.76	0.47	0.23

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[1] Corresponding author: Larice Gomes Justino Miranda. E-mail: laricejustino@yahoo.com.br