Optimized sizing of reinforced concrete structural elements considering the effect of carbonation

Dimensionamento otimizado de elementos estruturais em concreto armado considerando o efeito da carbonatação

Abstract

The environmental impact of reinforced concrete structures occurs during all phases of the building's life cycle, with emphasis on the stages of extraction and transport of raw materials and concrete production. An effective way to reduce the impact of these structures is to reduce the consumption of materials with the use of optimization techniques. The present study evaluates carbon dioxide emissions of concrete with two different compressive strengths for the region of Chapecó, SC. With these data, the optimization of structural elements was performed aiming to minimize their environmental impact. The carbonation of optimized elements was also evaluated. Among the results, it was observed that concretes with lower strength have better CO₂ absorption rates (for the elements analyzed 20MPa concrete absorbed about 90% and 112% more CO₂ than 35MPa concrete to columns and beams, respectively). In addition, it was observed that local factors can strongly influence the impacts, with the transport of materials reaching up to 6.4% of total emissions.

Keywords:
reinforced concrete; optimization; carbonation; environmental impact; sustainability