Educational intervention about airway obstructions for early childhood teachers: a quasi-experimental study

Langwinski, Adriano; Almeida, Ana Maria de; Zilly, Adriana; Mayer, Paulo César Morales; Wysocki, Anneliese Domingues; Cicchelero, Laiz Mangini; Ferreira, Helder; Antonio Silva-Sobrinho, Reinaldo

doi:10.1590/1983-1447.2023.20220335.en

Adriano Langwinski

formal analysis

conceptualization

writing – original draft

validation

Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste). Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7362-3941

Ana Maria de Almeida

writing – original draft

methodology

validation

Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6398-7194

Adriana Zilly

writing – original draft

methodology

Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste). Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8714-8205

Paulo César Morales Mayer

writing – original draft

methodology

Universidade CEUMA (Uniceuma). Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9484-2118

Anneliese Domingues Wysocki

writing – original draft

Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8381-9999

Laiz Mangini Cicchelero

writing – original draft

Secretaria Estadual do Estado do Paraná (SESA). Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7068-9224

Helder Ferreira

formal analysis

writing – original draft

writing – review & editing

Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste). Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0715-8057

Reinaldo Antonio Silva-Sobrinho

project administration

formal analysis

conceptualization

writing – original draft

methodology

validation

Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste). Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0421-4447

Corresponding author:
Helder Ferreira E-mail: heelfer@gmail.com

Associate editor:

Gabriella de Andrade Boska

Editor-in-chief:

João Lucas Campos de Oliveira

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Variables	Categories	n	%	P
Sex	Male	1	0.90	<0.0001
Sex	Female	110	99.10	<0.0001
Has children	Yes	61	54.95	0.14
Has children	No	50	45.05	0.14
Number of children	None	50	45.05	<0.0001
	1	27	24.32
	2	25	22.52
	3	7	6.31
	4	1	0.90
	6	1	0.90
Schooling	Licensed to teach	29	26.13	<0.0001
	Incomplete higher education	25	22.52
	Complete higher education	19	17.12
	Specialization	34	30.63
	Others	4	3.60
Nature of employment in the municipality	Internship	34	30.63	<0.0001
	Selection process	70	63.06
	Temporary contract	6	5.41
	Volunteer	1	0.90
Time teaching at the CMEI (years)	1 or less	38	34.23	<0.0001
	1 to 2	16	14.41
	2 to 5	13	11.71
	5 to 10	14	12.61
	more than 10	30	27.03

Variables	Categories	n	%	P
Participated in some educational course about first aid	No	47	42.34	0.031
Participated in some educational course about first aid	Yes	64	57.66	0.031
Workload (hours)	Up to 3	9	14.06	< 0.0001
	4 to 10	50	78.13
	11 to 20	3	4.69
	more than 20	2	3.13
The Heimlich Maneuver was addressed	No	6	9.38	< 0.0001
The Heimlich Maneuver was addressed	Yes	58	0.63	< 0.0001
Institution that provided the course	City Hall	61	95.31	< 0.0001
	Cebrap	1	1.56
	Eco cataratas	1	1.56
	Does not remember	1	1.56
Institution that taught the course	Fire brigade	61	95.31	< 0.0001
	Cebrap*	1	1.56
	Eco cataratas	1	1.56
	Does not remember	1	1.56
Participation in a first aid course specific to attend children in CMEIs	No	24	37.50	0.008
	Yes	40	65.50	0.008
Workload (hours)	Up to 3 hours	11	17.19	< 0.0001
	4 to 10	27	42.19
	11 to 20	1	1.56
	more than 20	1	1.56
Would know how to act in cases of airway obstruction in a child.	No	10	15.63	< 0.0001
	Partially	49	76.56
	Yes	5	7.81

Question	Before training				After training				P
	Incorrect		Correct		Incorrect		Correct
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Do you think it is important to know which activity the child was doing when you noticed that they are presenting signs of airway obstruction?	33	29.73	78	70.27	15	13.51	96	86.49	0.004
Would you know how to identify signs of airway obstruction?	111	100.0	0	0.00	100	90.09	11	9.91	0.003
Blueish-purplish lips	30	27.03	81	72.97	12	10.81	99	89.19	0.004
Fast, gasping breathing	61	54.95	50	45.05	44	39.64	67	60.36	0.017
Unconsciousness	59	53.15	52	46.85	21	18.92	90	81.08	<0.0001
Agitation	56	50.45	55	49.55	40	36.04	71	63.96	0.024
No breathing	11	9.91	100	90.09	13	11.71	98	88.29	0.803
Body sluggishness	31	27.93	80	72.07	7	6.31	104	93.69	<0.0001
Coughing	63	56.76	48	43.24	60	54.05	51	45.95	0.749

Question	Before training				After training				P
	Incorrect		Correct		Incorrect		Correct
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Should the victim's face be turned downwards?	41	36.94	70	63.06	5	4.50	106	95.50	<0.0001
Should their torso be positioned a little below their head?	95	85.59	16	14.41	73	65.77	38	34.23	<0.0001
Should you apply slaps on the back of the child, between the scapulae?	28	25.23	83	74.77	9	8.11	102	91.89	<0.0001
Should you compress the torso of the child, below the line of the nipples?	36	32.43	75	67.57	7	6.31	104	93.69	<0.0001
How many slaps are recommended for children below one year old?	97	87.39	14	12.61	33	29.73	78	70.27	<0.0001
What is the number of thoracic compressions recommended for children under one year old?	99	89.19	12	10.81	47	42.34	64	57.66	<0.0001
Is the technique used to clear the airways of children above one year old similar to that used in adults?	86	77.48	25	22.52	34	30.63	77	69.37	<0.0001
Does the technique of airway clearing consist in abdominal pressure, above the navel?	70	63.06	41	36.94	34	30.63	77	69.37	<0.0001
How many times should you compress the abdomen of a child above one year old?	89	80.18	22	19.82	31	27.93	80	72.07	<0.0001
If the child is unconscious, should you start cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers?	42	37.84	69	62.16	15	13.51	96	86.49	<0.0001
In your evaluation, is it important to refer the child to a hospital after clearing their airways?	10	9.01	101	90.99	5	4.50	106	95.50	0.2670

[1] Corresponding author:
Helder Ferreira E-mail: heelfer@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Educational intervention about airway obstructions for early childhood teachers: a quasi-experimental study

Intervención educativa sobre la obstrucción de las vías respiratorias para profesores de educación de la primera infancia: estudio casi experimental

ABSTRACT