Modelo multidimensional de envejecimiento exitoso y terminologías de enfermería: semejanzas para aplicación en la práctica clínica

Lucena, Amália de Fátima; Argenta, Carla; Luzia, Melissa de Freitas; Almeida, Miriam de Abreu; Barreto, Luciana Nabinger Menna; Swanson, Elizabeth

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Original Article • Rev. Gaúcha Enferm. 41 (spe) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190148 copiar

Modelo multidimensional de envejecimiento exitoso y terminologías de enfermería: semejanzas para aplicación en la práctica clínica

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo:

Comparar dominios del Modelo Multidimensional del Envejecimiento Exitoso (MMES) con las terminologías de enfermería, NANDA International (NANDA-I), Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) y Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) en busca de similitudes.

Métodos:

Mapeo cruzado entre MMES y las terminologías de enfermería realizado en dos etapas: análisis individual y comparación de MMES con las terminologías de enfermería, basado en las reglas del proceso de mapeo; consenso entre los investigadores para validar resultados.

Resultados:

Todos los dominios NOC y NIC se asignaron con similitud en los campos MMES, y 12 de los 13 dominios NANDA-I mostraron similitud con los campos MMES. Además, se identificó similitud entre el MMES y la mayoría de las clases de las clasificaciones.

Conclusiones:

La similitud entre MMES y NANDA-I, NIC, NOC fortaleció la idea de que el referencial del MMES puede entrelazarse con el proceso de enfermería para calificar la práctica de enfermería en el cuidado al anciano.

Palabras clave:
Envejecimiento; Proceso de enfermería; Terminología normalizada de enfermería

MMSA DOMAINS	NANDA-I DOMAINS *	CLASSES *
PHYSIOLOGICAL Physiological components, diseases, (e.g., congestive heart failure, hip fracture, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and cancer) and functional impairments (e.g., difficulty in standing for long periods).	1. Health Promotion: The awareness of well-being or normality of function and strategies used to maintain control of and enhance that well- being or normality of function.	1- Health awareness 2- Health management
	2. Nutrition: The activities of taking in, assimilating, and using nutrients for the purposes of tissue maintenance, tissue repair, and the production of energy.	1- Ingestion 2- Digestion 3- Absorption 4- Metabolism 5- Hydration
	3. Elimination and Exchange: Secretion and excretion of waste products from the body.	1- Urinary function 2- Gastrointestinal function 3- Integumentary function 4- Respiratory function
	4. Activity/Rest: The production, conservation, expenditure, or balance of energy resources.	1-Sleep/Rest 2- Activity/Exercise 3- Energy balance 4- Cardiovascular/ Pulmonary responses 5- Self-care
	5. Perception/Cognition: The human processing system including attention, orientation, sensation, perception, cognition, and communication.	1- Attention 2- Orientation 3- Sensation/Perception 4- Cognition 5- Communication
	8. Sexuality: Sexual identity, sexual function, and reproduction.	2- Sexual function
	11. Safety/Protection: Freedom from danger, physical injury, or immune system damage; preservation from loss; and protection of safety and security.	1- Infection 2-Physical injury 3-Violence 4- Environmental Hazards 5- Defensive processes 6- Thermoregulation
	12. Comfort: Sense of mental, physical, or social well-being or ease.	1- Physical comfort
PSYCHOLOGICAL Psychological components (e.g., emotional vitality, coping, resilience, cognitive function).	2. Nutrition: The activities of taking in, assimilating, and using nutrients for the purposes of tissue maintenance, tissue repair, and the production of energy.	1- Ingestion
	4. Activity/Rest: The production, conservation, expenditure, or balance of energy resources.	1- Sleep/Rest
	5. Perception/Cognition: The human processing system including attention, orientation, sensation, perception, cognition, and communication.	4- Cognition 5- Communication
	6. Self-perception: Awareness about the self.	1-Self-concept 2-Self-esteem 3-Body image
	7. Role relationships: The positive and negative connections or associations between people or groups of people and the means by which those connections are demonstrated.	2-Family relationships 3-Role performance
	9. Coping/Stress tolerance: Contending with life events/life processes.	1-Post-trauma responses 2-Coping responses 3-Neurobehavioral stress
	10. Life principles: Principles underlying conduct, thought, and behavioral about acts, customs, or institutions viewed as being true or having intrinsic worth.	1-Values 2-Beliefs 3-Value/belief/action congruence
	11. Safety/Protection: Freedom from danger, physical injury, or immune system damage; preservation from loss; and protection of safety and security.	3- Violence
SOCIOLOGICAL Social Components (e.g., spirituality and adaptation through social support mechanisms).	1. Health Promotion: The awareness of well-being or normality of function and strategies used to maintain control of and enhance that well- being or normality of function.	1- Health awareness 2- Health management
	2. Nutrition: The activities of taking in, assimilating, and using nutrients for the purposes of tissue maintenance, tissue repair, and the production of energy.	1- Ingestion
	4. Activity/Rest: The production, conservation, expenditure, or balance of energy resources.	1- Sleep/Rest
	7. Role relationships: The positive and negative connections or associations between people or groups of people and the means by which those connections are demonstrated.	1-Caregiving roles 2-Family relationships 3-Role performance
	10. Life principles: Principles underlying conduct, thought, and behavioral about acts, customs, or institutions viewed as being true or having intrinsic worth.	1-Values 2-Beliefs
	12. Comfort: Sense of mental, physical, or social well-being or ease.	2- Environmental comfort 3- Social comfort

DOMAINS MMSA	NIC DOMAINS*	CLASSES**
PHYSIOLOGICAL Physiological components, diseases, (e.g., congestive heart failure, hip fracture, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and cancer) and functional impairments (e.g. difficulty in standing for long periods).	1. Physiological Basic: Care that supports physical functioning.	A-Activity and Exercise Management B-Elimination Management C-Immobility Management D-Nutrition Support E-Physical Comfort Promotion F-Self-Care Facilitation
	2. Physiological Complex: Care that supports homeostatic regulation.	G-Electrolyte and Acid-Base Management H-Drug Management I-Neurologic Management K-Respiratory Management L-Skin/Wound Management M-Thermoregulation N-Tissue Perfusion Management
	4. Safety: Care that supports protection against harm.	U-Crisis Management V-Risk Management
PSYCHOLOGICAL Psychological components (e.g., emotional vitality, coping, resilience, cognitive function).	3. Behavioral: Care that supports psychosocial functioning and facilitates life style changes.	O-Behavior Therapy P-Cognitive Therapy Q-Communication Enhancement R-Coping Assistance S-Patient Education T- Psychological Comfort Promotion
	4. Safety: Care that supports protection against harm.	U-Crisis Management V-Risk Management
SOCIOLOGICAL Social Components (e.g., spirituality and adaptation through social support mechanisms).	3. Behavioral: Care that supports psychosocial functioning and facilitates life style changes.	Q-Communication Enhancement R-Coping Assistance S-Patient Education
	5. Family: Care that supports the family.	X-Lifespan Care
	6. Health System: Care that supports effective use of the health care delivery system.	Y-Health System Mediation
	7. Community: Care that supports the health of the community.	C-Community Health Promotion D-Community Risk Management

MMSA DOMAINS	NOC DOMAINS	CLASSES
PHYSIOLOGICAL Physiological components, diseases, (e.g., congestive heart failure, hip fracture, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and cancer) and functional impairments (e.g., difficulty in standing for long periods).	1 - Functional Health: Outcomes that describe the capacity for and performance of basic tasks of life.	A-Energy Maintenance B-Growth & Development C-Mobility D-Self-care
	2 - Physiologic Health: Outcomes that describe organic functioning.	E-Cardiopulmonary F-Elimination G-Fluids & Electrolytes H-Immune Response I-Metabolic Regulation J-Neurocognitive K-Digestion & Nutrition AA-Therapeutic Response L-Tissue Integrity Y-Sensory Function
	5 - Perceived Health: Outcomes that describe impressions of an individual’s health and health care.	U-Health & Life Quality V-Symptom Status
PSYCHOLOGICAL Psychological components (e.g., emotional vitality, coping, resilience, function, cognitive).	1 - Functional Health: Outcomes that describe the capacity for and performance of basic tasks of life.	B-Growth & Development
	2 - Physiologic Health: Outcomes that describe organic functioning.	J-Neurocognitive
	3 - Psychosocial Health: Outcomes that describe psychological and social functioning.	M-Psychological Well-Being N-Psychosocial Adaptation O-Self-Control
	4 - Health Knowledge & Behavior: Outcomes that describe attitudes, comprehension, and actions with respect to health and illness.	Q-Health Behavior S-Health Knowledge T-Risk Control & Safety
	5 - Perceived Health: Outcomes that describe impressions of an individual’s health and health care.	EE-Satisfaction with Care
	6 - Family Health: Outcomes that describe health status, behavior, or functioning of the family as a whole or of an individual as a family member.	X-Family Well-Being
SOCIOLOGICAL Social Components (e.g., spirituality and adaptation through social support mechanisms).	1 - Functional Health: Outcomes that describe the capacity for and performance of basic tasks of life.	B-Growth & Development
	3 - Psychosocial Health: Outcomes that describe psychological and social functioning.	N-Psychosocial Adaptation P-Social Interaction
	4 - Health Knowledge & Behavior: Outcomes that describe attitudes, comprehension, and actions with respect to health and illness.	Q-Health Behavior S-Health Knowledge T-Risk Control & Safety
	5 - Perceived Health: Outcomes that describe impressions of an individual’s health and health care.	EE-Satisfaction with Care
	6 - Family Health: Outcomes that describe health status, behavior, or functioning of the family as a whole or of an individual as a family member.	X-Family Well-Being
	7 - Community Health: Outcomes that describe the health, well-being, and functioning of a community or population.	BB-Community Well-Being CC-Community Health Protection

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[1] Corresponding author:
Amália de Fátima Lucena E-mail: afatimalucena@gmail.com