Attitudes towards suicidal behavior: the effect of an educational intervention on university professors

Santos, Hugo Gedeon Barros dos; Nespoli, Alice Milani; Marcon, Samira Reschetti; Espinosa, Mariano Martínez; Faria, Jesiele Spindler

doi:10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210192.en

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Original Article • Rev. Gaúcha Enferm. 43 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210192.en copy

Attitudes towards suicidal behavior: the effect of an educational intervention on university professors

Actitudes hacia el comportamiento suicida: el efecto de una intervención educativa en profesores universitarios

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To analyze the effect of an educational intervention on the attitudes of university professors towards suicidal behavior.

Methods:

Experimental study, which carried out an educational intervention with 100 university professors, divided into two groups, control and intervention, developed in three moments, pre-assessment, intervention, and post-assessment, using the Eskin’s Attitudes Towards Suicide Scale (E-ATSS). Comparisons before and after intervention in the same group were performed using the paired t-test for dependent samples and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, and for comparisons between groups the paired t-test for independent samples and the Mann-Whitney U test were used, the significance level adopted was p < 0.05.

Results:

There was a change in the attitude of professors in the two domains of the suicide scale such as mental illness (p<0.001) and punishment after death (p<0.001) whose attitudes were negative in the pre-assessment phase. For the control group, no changes were observed.

Conclusion:

The educational intervention promoted positive changes in attitudes, with a significant change evaluated at the end of the intervention in the domains: suicide as mental illness and punishment after death.

Keywords:
Attitude; Teachers; Suicide; Behavior; Teacher training

VARIABLES	*IG		**CG
VARIABLES	n (61)	(%)	n (39)	(%)
Sociodemographic
Gender
Male	17	27.87	11	28.21
Female	44	72.13	28	71.79
Total	61	100.00	39	100.00
Sexual orientation
Homosexual	6	9.84	1	2.56
Heterosexual	55	90.16	38	97.44
Total	61	100.00	39	100.00
Age group
>60 years old	7	11.48	2	5.13
40 to 59 years old	22	36.07	22	56.41
< 40 years old	32	52.46	15	38.46
Total	61	100.00	39	100.00
Religion
Without religious practice	9	14.75	10	25.64
With religious practice	52	85.25	29	74.36
Total	61	100.00	39	100.00
Labor
Employment status
With stability	55	90.16	38	97.44
Without stability	6	9.84	1	2.56
Total	61	100.00	39	100.00
Highest degree
Specialist / Graduate	1	1.64	1	2.56
Master / Doctor / Post-Doctor	60	98.36	38	97.44
Total	61	100.00	39	100.00
Working time
> 20 years	13	21.31	13	33.33
10 to 20 years	11	18.03	3	7.69
< 10 years	37	60.66	23	58.97
Total	61	100.00	39	100.00
Have you ever had contact with the theme of suicide?
Yes	42	68.85	35	89.74
No	19	31.15	4	10.26
Total	61	100.00	39	100.00

Variable	Pre		Post		**95% CI	***p
Variable	Mean	*SD	Mean	*SD	**95% CI	***p
Acceptance of suicide	1.94	0.89	1.92	0.88	(-0.17 ; 0.21)	0.863
Suicide as a mental illness	2.95	1.25	1.84	0.90	(0.77 ; 1.45)	<0.001
Punishment after death	2.07	1.03	1.71	0.90	(0.19 ; 0.54)	<0.001
Talking openly about suicide and psychological problems	4.52	0.47	4.44	0.56	(-0.07 ; 0.22)	0.301

Variable	Pre		Post		n**	***z	****p
Variable	*n₁	Signed Rank	*n₂	Signed Rank	n**	***z	****p
Acceptance of suicide	15	16.03	14	13.89	10	-0.50	0.618
Suicide as a mental illness	12	13.75	13	12.31	14	-0.07	0.946
Punishment after death	11	9.50	10	12.65	18	-0.38	0.701
Talking openly about suicide and psychological problems	15	10.80	10	16.30	14	-0.01	0.989

Variable	Post-test		**z	***p
	IG Signed Rank	CG Signed Rank
	(*n₁=61)	(*n₂=39)
Acceptance of suicide	50.95	49.79	-0.20	0.843
Suicide as a mental illness	44.44	59.97	-2.73	0.006
Punishment after death	41.98	63.83	-3.79	<0.001
Talking openly about suicide and psychological problems	49.50	52.06	-0.44	0.659

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Escola de Enfermagem Rua São Manoel, 963 -Campus da Saúde , 90.620-110 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brasil, Fone: (55 51) 3308-5242 / Fax: (55 51) 3308-5436 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
E-mail: revista@enf.ufrgs.br

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[1] Corresponding author:
Jesiele Spindler Faria E-mail: profjesiele@gmail.com