Exposure to pesticides and acute intoxication in a region of intense agricultural production in Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2013

Silva, Daniely Oliveira da; Ferreira, Marcelo José Monteiro; Silva, Shinarley Azevedo da; Santos, Marina Atanaka dos; Hoffmann-Santos, Hugo Dias; Silva, Ageo Mário Cândido da

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Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 28 (3) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742019000300013 copy

Exposure to pesticides and acute intoxication in a region of intense agricultural production in Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2013^* Authors’ contributions Silva DO and Silva AMC contributed to the conception and design of the article, data analysis and interpretation and final revision of the manuscript. Ferreira MJM and Santos MA participated in the study design. Silva SA was responsible for data collection and preparation of the questionnaire, training the Community Health Agents of the municipalities selected in the project. Hoffmann-Santos HD was responsible for database organization and preparation of data reports. All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript and declared themselves to be responsible for all aspects of the study, ensuring its accuracy and integrity.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

to estimate the prevalence of acute poisoning by pesticides and associated factors in Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Methods:

this was a cross-sectional study, the outcome of which was acute intoxication in the month prior to the interview, as diagnosed by a physician; multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression.

Results:

we interviewed 753 individuals; acute intoxication occurred at a rate of 17%; the main associated factors were living near plantations (PR=2.81 - 95%CI 1.79;4.41), having incomplete high school education or less (PR=1.80 - 95%CI 1.22;2.71), living less than 500 meters from maize crops (PR=1.57 - 95%CI 1.05;2.35) and cotton plantations (PR=1.43 - 95%CI 1.02;2.02).

Conclusion:

Individuals living near to corn and cotton plantations reported higher occurrence of acute intoxication.

Keywords:
Pesticides; Environmental Pollution; Environmental Health Surveillance; Primary Health Care; Cross-Sectional Studies

Variables	n	%
Current occupation (753)
Agriculture and similar activities	293	38.9
Others	460	61.1
Workplace location (753)
Urban area - central area	285	37.8
Urban area - outskirts	94	12.5
Rural area - village	124	16.5
Rural area - farm	250	33.2
Work zone (753)
Urban	379	49.7
Rural	374	50.3
Living less than 500 meters away from crops (703)^e
No	286	40.1
Yes	421	59.9
Have you had acute intoxication in the previous month (diagnosed by doctor) (753)
No	620	82.3
Yes	133	17.7
Time spent with activities related to pesticide use (283)^e,f
Less than 1 year	52	18.4
1 to 5 years	92	32.5
6 to 10 years	53	18.7
11 years or more	86	30.4
Living near soybean crop
No	338	44.9
Yes	415	55.1
Living near maize crop
No	404	53.6
Yes	349	46.4
Living near cotton crop
No	651	86.4
Yes	102	13.6
Living near bean crop
No	708	94.0
Yes	45	6.0
Use of personal protective equipment when handling pesticides (335)
No	189	56.4
Yes	146	43.6
Washing of clothes contaminated by pesticides (335)
No	191	57.0
Yes	144	43.0
Self-reported acute intoxication symptoms (329)^g
Convulsions	6	1.8
Headache	73	22.2
Dizziness	76	23.1
Nausea	52	15.8
Disorientation	14	4.3
Breathing difficulties	35	10.6
Skin problems	25	7.6
Vomiting	48	14.6

Variables	%	Crude PR^a (95%CI^b)	P -value^c
Sex
Male	24.9	3.47 (2.24;5.35)	<0.001
Female	7.2	1.00	<0.001
Age group (in years)
≥30	19.1	1.60 (1.01;2.54)	0.022
<30	11.9	1.00	0.022
Education level
Up to incomplete High School	21.6	2.19 (1.46;3.30)	<0.001
Complete High School and above	9.8	1.00	<0.001
Current occupation
Agriculture and similar activities	28.0	2.52 (1.83;3.46)	<0.001
Others	11.1	1.00	<0.001
Living less than 500 meters away from crops (703)^e
Yes	23.7	2.39 (1.61;3.53)	<0.001
No	9.9	1.00	<0.001
Work zone
Rural	24.9	2.35 (1.67;3.31)	<0.001
Urban	10.6	1.00	<0.001
Living near soybean crop
Yes	24.1	2.46 (1.71;3.56)	<0.001
No	9.3	1.00	<0.001
Living near maize crop
Yes	25.2	2.26 (1.62;3.14)	<0.001
No	11.1	1.00	<0.001
Living near cotton crop
Yes	30.4	1.93 (1.37;2.73)	<0.001
No	15.3	1.00	<0.001
Living near bean crop
Yes	51.1	3.28 (2.35;4.59)	<0.001
No	15.5	1.00	<0.001

Variables	Adjustada PRa	95% CIb	P-value
Living near maize crop	1.57	(1.05;2.35)	0.026
Living near cotton crop	1.43	(1.02;2.02)	0.037
Living near any kind of crop	2.81	(1.79;4.41)	<0.001
Education level up to incomplete high school	1.80	(1.22;2.71)	0.003

Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 61 3315-3464, Fax: +55 61 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: ress.svs@gmail.com

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[1] Correspondence: Daniely Oliveira da Silva - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Av. Fernando Corrêa, No. 2367, Bloco CCBS III, 2º piso, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. Postcode: 78060-900 E-mail: danielyoliveira.ft@gmail.com