Prevalence and factors associated with overweight in adults in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District, 2019

Sousa, Alana Paulina de Moura; Pereira, Izabela Cristina; Araujo, Laécio de Lima; Rocha, Mariana Rodrigues da; Bandeira, Hilda Maria Martins; Lima, Luisa Helena de Oliveira

Alana Paulina de Moura Sousa

Universidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9999-3441

Izabela Cristina Pereira

Universidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6703-8087

Laécio de Lima Araujo

Universidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1051-2240

Mariana Rodrigues da Rocha

Universidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4745-9690

Hilda Maria Martins Bandeira

Universidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6439-0632

Luisa Helena de Oliveira Lima

Universidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1890-859X

Correspondence:
Alana Paulina de Moura Sousa - Av. Frei Serafim, No. 2280, Teresina, PI, Brasil. Postcode: 64000-020. E-mail: alanapaulina2012@gmail.com

Associate editor

Doroteia Aparecida Höfelmann - 0000-0003-1046-3319.

Scientific Editor

Taís Freire Galvão - 0000-0003-2072-4834.

General Editor

Leila Posenato Garcia - 0000-0003-1146-2641.

Authors’ contribution

Se Sousa APM, Pereira IC, and Rocha MR collaborate with the conception and design of the study, data interpretation, drafting and critical reviewing of the manuscript content. Araujo LL collaborated with the conception and design of the study, data analysis and interpretation, drafting and critical reviewing of the manuscript content. Bandeira HMM and Lima LHO collaborated with the conception and design of the study, drafting and critical reviewing of the manuscript content. All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript and declared themselves to be responsible for all aspects of the work, including ensuring its accuracy and integrity.

Variables	n	% (95%IC)^a
Sex
Male	18,354	46.0 (45.0;46.9)
Female	34,089	54.0 (53.1;55.0)
Race/skin color
Asian/indigenous	1,044	2.1 (1.9;2.3)
White	22,598	43.8 (42.9;44.8)
Black	4,106	11.4 (10.7;12.1)
Brown	20,217	42.7 (41.7;43.7)
Age group (years)
18-24	4,031	13.8 (13.1;14.4)
25-34	5,052	25.0 (24.1;26.1)
35-44	6,943	18.8 (18.1;19.6)
45-54	8,216	17.9 (17.2;18.6)
55-64	10,618	13.1 (12.6;13.6)
≥65	17,583	11.4 (11.0;11.7)
Schooling (years of study)
0-8	15,339	28.8 (27.9;29.7)
9-11	17,688	38.4 (37.5;39.3)
≥12	19,416	32.8 (31.9;33.7)
Marital status
Single	15,663	42.8 (41.9;43.8)
Married	20,989	35.3 (34.5;36.2)
Stable union	4,510	11.1 (10.5;11.8)
Widowed	6,586	4.8 (4.5;5.0)
Separated	4,509	6.0 (5.6;6.4)
Overweight
No	19,900	44.6 (43.7;45.6)
Yes	27,219	55.4 (54.4;56.3)

Variables	Male		Female		Total
Variables	%	95%CI^a	%	95%CI^a	%	95%CI^a
Race/skin color
Asian/indigenous	53.4	44.7;62.0	50.0	42.1;57.8	51.7	45.8;57.6
White	569	54.4;59.4	51.4	49.6;53.2	53.8	52.3;55.3
Black	54.3	49.6;59.0	57.6	53.5;61.5	55.9	52.3;60.0
Brown	58.5	56.1;60.9	55.0	53.2;57.0	56.7	55.2;58.1
Age group (years)
18-24	31.1	27.9;34.5	28.7	25.6;32.1	30.0	27.8;32.4
25-34	56.9	53.1;60.7	49.3	46.1;52.5	53.0	50.6;55.5
35-44	67.7	64.3;70.8	55.6	53.0;58.1	61.0	58.9;63.0
45-54	65.0	61.5;68.3	62.7	60.3;65.0	64.0	61.7;65.7
55-64	63.4	59.9;66.8	63.0	60.5;65.0	63.0	61.1;65.0
≥65	60.6	57.8;63.4	59.3	57.5;61.0	59.8	58.2;61.3
Schooling (years of study)
0-8	59.7	56.7;62.8	62.0	60.0;64.1	61.0	59.2;62.8
9-11	52.7	50.3;55.0	54.9	52.9;56.8	53.8	52.3;55.3
≥12	60.4	57.6;63.1	45.9	43.9;48.0	52.2	50.6;53.9
Marital status
Single	46,6	44,1;49,0	45,0	43,0;47,1	45,8	44,2;47,4
Married	67,8	65,6;69,9	60,8	59,0;62,5	64,1	62,7;65,5
Stable union	67,3	62,4;71,9	57,2	53,1;61,1	62,3	59,1;65,3
Widowed	50,3	42,3;58,2	62,9	60,2;65,4	61,2	58,6;63,7
Separated	53,1	46,2;59,9	56,6	53,0;60,1	55,3	51,9;58,7
Vegetable consumption
No	56.4	54.3;58.4	54.8	53.1;56.6	55.6	54.3;57.0
Yes	58.2	55.8;60.5	53.0	51.4;54.5	55.0	53.7;56.4
Regular consumption of fruits
No	58.9	56.5;61.2	53.5	51.4;55.6	56.4	54.7;58.0
Yes	55.7	53.6;57.7	54.0	52.7;55.4	54.7	53.6;55.9
Consumption of soft drinks
No	57.9	56.3;59.6	53.8	52.6;55.0	55.6	54.6;56.6
Yes	53.5	49.3;57.7	54.3	50.3;58.3	53.9	50.9;56.8
Consumption of alcoholic beverages
No	55.3	53.0;57.5	54.9	53.5;56.3	55.0	53.9;56.3
Yes	59.0	56.7;61.0	51.8	49.6;53.9	55.8	54.3;57.4
Smoking
No	58.0	56.4;59.7	54.3	53.0;55.5	56.0	55.0;57.0
Yes	50.5	45.4;55.5	48.8	44.4;53.3	49.8	46.3;53.2
Physical inactivity
No	58.0	56.4;59.7	54.3	53.0;55.5	54.8	53.8;55.8
Yes	50.5	45.4;55.5	48.8	44.4;53.3	58.8	56.4;61.0
Television viewing habit
<3 hours/day	56.9	55.1;58.7	51.9	50.6:53.3	54.2	53.1;55.3
≥3 hours/day	57.9	54.6:61.2	60.0	57.8;62.3	59.1	57.2;61.0
Arterial hypertension
No	52.8	51.0;54.6	48.4	47.0;49.8	50.2	49.4;51.7
Yes	73.0	70.1;75.8	68.4	66.4;70.3	70.3	68.6;71.9
Diabetes mellitus
No	56.0	54.4;57.6	52.4	51.1;53.6	54.0	53.0;55.0
Yes	71.6	66.2;76.4	71.5	68.4;74.5	71.5	68.7;74.3
Self-rated health
Good/very good	56.4	54.5;58.3	48.4	46.8;50.0	52.0	50.9;53.2
Regular	61.1	57.9;64.3	62.5	60.3;64.6	60.8	59.1;62.6
Poor/very poor	65.3	57.3;72.5	69.4	63.8;74.6	66.8	62.7;70.7

Variables	Overweight
	Crude			Adjusted
	PR^a	95%CI^b	p-value	PR^c	95%CI^b	p-value
Race/skin color		0.361
Asian/indigenous	1.00
White	1.06	0.89;1.26
Black	1.01	0.84;1.22
Brown	1.09	0.92;1.29
Age group			<0.001			<0.001
18-24	1.00			1.00
25-34	1.82	1.61;2.07		1.67	1.47;1.90
35-44	2.17	1.93;2.44		1.87	1.65;2.12
45-54	2.08	1.85;2.34		1.73	1.52;1.98
55-64	2.03	1.80;2.29		1.60	1.30;1.73
≥65	1.94	1.73;2.18		1.50	1.30;1.73
Schooling (years of study)			<0.001			<0.001
0-8	1.00			1.00
9-11	0.88	0.82; 0.94		1.01	0.94;1.09
≥12	1.01	0.94;1.08		1.15	1.07;1.24
Marital status			<0,001			<0,001
Single	1.00			1.00
Married	1.45	1.36;1.54		1.23	1.15;1.32
Stable union	1.44	1.32;1.57		1.22	1.12;1.34
Widowed	1.07	0.91;1.27		0.97	0.81;1.16
Separated	1.13	0.99;1.31		1.00	0.87;1.14
Vegetable consumption			0,259
No	1.00
Yes	1.03	0.97;1.08
Regular consumption of fruits			0.042			0.003
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	0.94	0.89;0.99		0.92	0.87;0.97
Consumption of soft drinks			0,061			0,315
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	0.92	0.84;1.00		0.95	0.88;1.04
Consumption of alcoholic beverages			0.022			0,001
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	1.06	1.01;1.12		1.09	1.03;1.15
Smoking			0,008			0,010
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	0.86	0.78;0.96		0.86	0.78;0.96
Physical inactivity			0,063			0,463
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	1.07	0.99;1.14		1.02	0.95;1.10
Television viewing habit			0.599
<3 hours/day	1.00
≥3 hours/day	1.01	0.95;1.08
Arterial hypertension			<0.001			<0.001
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	1.38	1.31;1.45		1.24	1.17;1.31
Diabetes mellitus			<0.001			0.024
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	1.27	1.18;1.37		1.09	1.01;1.19
Self-rated health	0.010			0.077
Good/very good	1.00			1.00
Regular	1.08	1.01;1.15		1.05	0.99;1.12
Poor/very poor	1.13	1.00;1.27		1.08	0.95;1.19

Variables	Overweight
	Crude			Adjusted
	PR^a	95%CI^b	p-value	PR^c	95%CI^b	p-value
Race/skin color			<0.001			<0.001
Asian/indigenous	1.00			1.00
White	1.03	0.87;1.23		1.06	0.89;1.27
Black	1.20	1.00;1.45		1.25	1.04;1.51
Brown	1.12	0.94;1.34		1.13	0.93;1.35
Age group (years)			<0.001			<0.001
18-24	1.00			1.00
25-34	1.77	1.54;2.04		1.76	1.52;2.02
35-44	2.00	1.75;2.29		1.91	1.67;2.19
45-54	2.28	2.00;2.59		2.03	1.77;2.32
55-64	2.25	1.98;2.56		1.95	1.70;2.24
≥65	2.18	1.92;2.47		1.75	1.52;2.02
Schooling (years of study)			<0.001			<0.001
0-8	1.00			1.00
9-11	0.85	0.81;0.90		0.97	0.92;1.03
≥12	0.72	0.68;0.76		0.87	0,81;0.93
Marital status			<0.001			<0.001
Single	1.00			1.00
Married	1.36	1.29;1.44		1.15	1.08;1.22
Stable union	1.30	1.19;1.42		1.13	1.03;1.23
Widowed	1.44	1.35;1.54		1.14	1.06;1.23
Separated	1.26	1.16;1.37		1.04	0.96;1.13
Vegetable consumption			0.130			0.321
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	0.96	0.92;1.01		0.97	0.93;1.02
Regular consumption of fruits			0.759
No	1.00
Yes	0.99	0.94;1.04
Consumption of soft drinks			0.284
No	1.00
Yes	1.04	0.96;1.13
Consumption of alcoholic drinks			0,018			0,030
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	0.94	0.89;0.98		1.05	1.01;1.11
Smoking			0.050			0.002
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	0.90	0.82;1.00		0.84	0.76;0.94
Physical inactivity			0.014			0.258
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	1.07	1.01;1.13		1.03	0.97;1.10
Television viewing habit			<0.001			0.001
<3 hours/day	1.00			1.00
≥3 hours/day	1.17	1.12;1.23		1.09	1.04;1.15
Arterial hypertension			<0.001			<0.001
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	1.45	1.39;1.51		1.21	1.15;1.27
Diabetes mellitus			<0,001			0,001
No	1.00			1.00
Yes	1.40	1.34;1.48		1.09	1.03;1.15
Self-rated health			<0.001			<0.001
Good/very good	1.00			1.00
Regular	1.29	1.23;1.35		1.20	1.14;1.26
Poor/very poor	1.43	1.31;1.56		1.31	1.20;1.43

[1] Correspondence:
Alana Paulina de Moura Sousa - Av. Frei Serafim, No. 2280, Teresina, PI, Brasil. Postcode: 64000-020. E-mail: alanapaulina2012@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Prevalence and factors associated with overweight in adults in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District, 2019

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion