Booklet for knowledge and prevention of HIV mother-to-child transmission: a pilot study of a randomized clinical trial

Lima, Ana Carolina Maria Araújo Chagas Costa; Pinho, Sadrine Maria Eufrasino de; Lima, Sabrina Alapenha Ferro Chaves Costa; Chaves, Anne Fayma Lopes; Vasconcelos, Camila Moreira Teixeira; Oriá, Mônica Oliveira Batista

doi:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0560en

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 56 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0560en copy

Booklet for knowledge and prevention of HIV mother-to-child transmission: a pilot study of a randomized clinical trial^* * Extracted from the bachelor thesis: “Cartilha educativa para prevenção da transmissão vertical do HIV: ensaio clínico randomizado controlado”, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 2018.

Cuadernillo para el conocimiento y la prevención de la transmisión maternoinfantil del VIH: un estudio piloto de un ensayo clínico aleatorizado

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To test the effectiveness of the booklet, compared to the usual service care, in the increase of the knowledge of pregnant/puerperal women living with HIV, for the prevention of HIV-VT.

Method:

Pilot study of a randomized controlled clinical trial, initially with 104 pregnant women living with HIV, with a final sample of 45 women. It was held in three public maternity hospitals in Fortaleza-CE, from January/2017 to May/2018. The control group received regular care from the service and the intervention group had access to the booklet as an additive. The research was carried out in three phases: baseline; evaluation 2, in prenatal care; and evaluation 3, in the postpartum period.

Results:

There was no intergroup difference in the women’s mean knowledge score (short-term p = 0.473; long-term p = 0.151). However, in the intragroup analysis, the booklet proved to be effective in improving the pregnant women’s knowledge in the intervention group, in the short term (p = 0.002) and long term (p = 0.033).

Conclusion:

There was an improvement in knowledge within the intervention group over time, but there was no difference in women’s knowledge in the intergroup analysis. Thus, based on this pilot, a broader study on the use of booklet is required to prove its effectiveness (ReBEC: UTN: U1111-1191-9954).

DESCRIPTORS
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; HIV; Health Education; Teaching Materials; Nursing; Clinical Trial

		Total (n = 104)				Intervention (n = 52)				Control (n = 52)				p-value
		N	%	Mean	SD*	N	%	Mean	SD*	N	%	Mean	SD*
Age (years)				26.91	6.09			27.31	5.98			26.52	6.24	0.512^†
Origin	Fortaleza	58	55.77			30	57.69			28	53.84			0.783^‡
	Other municipalities in Ceará	41	39.42			19	36.54			22	42.31
	Other Brazilian states/other countries	5	4.81			3	5.77			2	3.85
Education (years)				9.14	2.47			9.19	2.38			9.10	2.58	0.844^†
Occupation	Housewife	58	55.8			29	55.8			29	55.8			0.774^§
	Unemployed	10	9.6			4	7.4			6	11.5
	Other	36	34.6			19	36.54			17	32.7
Marital status	Single/Widow	31	29.81			13	25.00			18	34.62			0.284^§
Marital status	Married/Common law marriage	73	70.19			39	75.00			34	65.38
Race	White	8	7.69			3	5.77			5	9.62			0.030 ^‡
	Black	9	8.65			8	15.38			1	1.92
	Brown	87	83.66			41	78.85			46	88.46
Religion	Catholic	52	50.00			22	42.31			30	57.69			0.208^§
	Evangelical	37	35.58			20	38.46			17	32.69
	Other	15	14.42			10	19.23			5	9.62

	Intervention			Control
	Initial mean (SD*)	Final mean (SD*)	p-value^†	Initial mean (SD*)	Final mean (SD*)	p-value^†
Baseline X 7 to 15 days	n = 37 4.19 (2.14)	n = 37 5.27 (1.99)	0.002	n = 33 4.45 (2.10)	n = 33 4.94 (1.82)	0.051
Baseline X 30 days	n = 24 4.71 (2.35)	n = 24 5.58 (1.89)	0.033	n = 21 4.10 (2.34)	n = 21 4.71 (2.10)	0.277
7 to 15 days X 30 days	n = 24 5.33 (1.69)	n = 24 5.58 (1.89)	0.366	n = 21 4.95 (1.99)	n = 21 4.71 (2.10)	0.620

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Ana Carolina Maria Araújo Chagas Costa Lima Rua Alexandre Baraúna, 1115 sala 10, Rodolfo Teófilo 60430-160 – Fortaleza, CE, Brazil anacarolina@ufc.br