Nursing Care in Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Scoping Review

Scoping Review, conducted in January 2018, through the search of studies in national and international databases, journals, catalogs of theses and dissertations, and websites of Brazilian health institutions. We included full surveys published in the Portuguese, Spanish or English language; which had as object of study the researched subject, besides manuals and protocols. We analyzed the type of material, year, country, population, method, Level of Evidence, and nursing care. The final sample consisted of 33 publications.

Results:

Among the nursing care to the patient, hand hygiene was identified, general care in nursing procedures, use of protocols, effective communication and periodic training.

Conclusion:

Identifying patient care with infection was important in order to list methods and reorient nursing activities.

Descriptors:
Intensive Care Units; Nursing; Healthcare-Associated Infections; Nursing Care; Patients

Characterization	n	%
Methodological approah	27	100
Qualitative	19	70.3
Mixed	05	18.5
Quantitative	03	11.2
Methodological design	27	100
Cross-sectional	10	37.1
Descriptive	09	33.3
Experimental	02	07.4
Control	02	07.4
Cohort	02	07.4
Observational	01	03.7
Explanatory	01	03.7
Level of Evidence	27	100
I	01	03.0
II	02	06.1
III	16	48.5
IV	08	24.2
V	06	18.2

Description of nursing care		Level of Evidence
Hands Hygiene		III^{(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6)}; ^{II(A7, A8)}; ^{IV(A9, A10, A11)}; ^I(A12); V^{(A13, A14, A15)}
VAP Care	Oral hygiene	III^{(A5, A16)}; IV^{(A10, A19)}; V^(A15)
	Bed head raised at an angle of 30 ° to 45 ° from the horizontal	III^{(A5, A16)}; IV^(A10); V^(A15)
	Care in monitoring endotracheal cuff pressure	IV^(A10); V^(A15)
CVC Care	CVC maintenance	III^{(A20, A21, A12)}; IV^(A23); V^{(A15, A24)}
	Dressing care	III^(A6); IV^(A23); V^(A15)
	Medication preparation and administration care	III^{(A4, A6)}; IV^(A23);V^{(A24, A15)}
DVP Care	Inserting the catheters only with appropriate indications and keeping them only the necessary time	III^{(A25, A26)}; V^(A15)
	Use aseptic technique on insertion	III^{(A25, A26)}; V^(A15)
	Proper catheter attachment	III^{(A25, A26)}; V^(A15)
	Maintenance of the urine collector below the bladder level	III^(A26); V^(A15)
	Maintenance of urine collector drainage every 8 hours or up to 50% of urine collector	III^(A26); V^(A15)
	Perform routine hygiene of the meatus and whenever necessary	V^(A15)
SSI Care	Care of wound dressings	III^(A27)
	Maximum precautions for sterile barriers	III^(A27)
	Chlorhexidine skin antisepsis	III^(A27)
	Performing a trichotomy before the surgical procedure	III^(A27)
	Using the Surgical Safety Checklist	V^{(A14, A15)}
Care in the dietary probe administration		IV^(A10)
Use of chlorhexidine-impregnated towels to reduce cross-transmission and colonization by multi-resistant organisms		III^{(A28, A29)}
Application of the "contact isolation" protocol		III^{(A6, A30)}; IV^(A10)
Communication between nurses and doctors		III^{(A31, A32)}
Use of current and best nursing practices, promote and sustain a climate of safety and high quality care		I^(A12); V^(A32); IV^(A22)
Protocols use		III^{(A16, A6)}; IV^{(A17, A11, A19, A22)}; I^(A12); V^{(A13, A18, A15)}
Infection control training		I^(A12); V^{(A14, A15)}; IV^(A17)

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[1] Corresponding Author: Larissa de Lima Ferreira E-mail: lariiilf@gmail.com