Gender, psychosocial stressors, wellbeing and coping in prehospital care workers

Libardi, Mônica Beatriz Ortolan; Arrais, Alessandra da Rocha; Antloga, Carla Sabrina Xavier; Faiad, Cristiane; Rodrigues, Carlos Manoel Lopes; Barros, Ângela Ferreira

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0579

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (suppl 3) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0579 copy

Gender, psychosocial stressors, wellbeing and coping in prehospital care workers

Cuestiones de género, estresores psicosociales, bienestar y enfrentamiento en trabajadores de atención prehospitalaria

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to identify the profile of psychosocial stressors, wellbeing at work and coping in prehospital care workers and its distinctions in relation to gender.

Methods:

cross-sectional quantitative study with workers from public prehospital care. A sociodemographic instrument, the Psychosocial Stressors in the Labor Context Scale, the Inventory of Welfare at Work and the Occupational Coping Scale, were applied.

Results:

In a sample of 585 workers, women had greater role overload (p=0.002), career insecurity (p<0.001), lack of autonomy (p=0.03) and work- family conflict (p<0.001) compared to men. Men showed greater commitment and satisfaction at work than women (p<0.001). The other factors and dimensions showed no statistically significant difference according to gender.

Conclusion:

Women were more affected by psychosocial stressors, which probably reduced their wellbeing at work. This was possibly because they experienced a different social context from men.

Descriptors:
Occupational Stress; Adaptation, Psychological; Behavior; Emergency Medical Services; Women, Working

Variables	n^* Note:	%
Gender
Female	161	27.8
Male	418	72.2
No answer	6	-
Institution
SAMU^* Note:	288	49.2
Firefighters	297	50.8
Marital status
With partner	401	69.0
No partner	180	31.0
No answer	4	-
Has children
Yes	437	77.8
No	125	22.2
No answer	23	-
Resides with children daily
Yes	363	70.6
No	151	29.4
No answer	71	-
Performs housework
Yes	507	88.8
No	64	11.2
No answer	14	-
Educational level
Incomplete primary or secondary school	09	1.6
Complete secondary school	136	23.6
Complete higher education	310	53.7
Postgraduate studies	122	21.1
No answer	8	-
Position
Firefighter	232	39.9
Nursing technician or assistant	128	22.0
Conductor	92	15.8
Nurse	61	10.5
Doctor	21	3.6
Operational crew member	21	3.6
Pilot or copilot	11	1.9
Psychologist or social worker	16	2.7
No answer	3	-
Performs another paid work
Yes	108	18.7
No	469	81.3
No answer	8	-
Work shift
Daytime	206	36.9
Night	100	17.9
Both	253	45.3
No answer	26	-
Works in the air medical service
Yes	57	9.8
No	526	90.2
No answer	2	-

Instruments	Factors and dimensions	Median (Q1-Q3)
EEPCL^* * EEPCL – Psychosocial Stressors in the Labor Context Scale;	Conflict and ambiguity of roles	3.2 (2.2-4.4)
	Role overload	2.8 (2.0-3.7)
	Lack of social support	2.8 (2.0-3.8)
	Career insecurity	2.8 (1.8-4.3)
	Lack of autonomy	3.2 (2.2-4.2)
	Work-family conflict	3.0 (2.2-4.2)
	Pressure of the degree of responsibility	4.0 (2.8-5.0)
IBET^† † IBET – Inventory of Welfare at Work;	Commitment and satisfaction at work	3.3 (2.9-3.9)
	Work engagement	2.8 (2.0- 3.3)
OCS^‡ ‡ OCS – Occupational Coping Scale.	Control factor	3.6 (3.2-4.0)
	Avoidance factor	2.8 (2.3-3.2)
	Symptom management factor	2.9 (2.4-3.3)

	Male Median (Q1-Q3)	Female Median (Q1-Q3)	p ^* * Mann Whitney test;
EEPCL^ EEPCL - Psychosocial Stressors in the Labor Context Scale;
Conflict and ambiguity of roles	3.0 (2.2-4.2)	3.2 (2.4-4.6)	0.064
Role overload	2.6 (2.0-3.5)	3.0 (2.3-3.8)	0.002
Lack of social support	2.7 (2.0-3.8)	3.0 (2.2-4.0)	0.089
Career insecurity	2.5 (1.8-3.8)	3.5 (2.0-4.5)	<0.001
Lack of autonomy	3.2 (2.2-4.2)	3.4 (2.6-4.4)	0.030
Work-family conflict	2.8 (2.0-4.0)	3.4 (2.6-4.4)	<0.001
Pressure of the degree of responsibility	3.8 (2.8 -5.0)	4.3 (2.8-5.0)	0.189
IBET^‡ ‡ IBET – Inventory of Welfare at Work;
Commitment and satisfaction at work	3.4 (2.9-3.9)	3.1 (2.7-3.7)	<0.001
Work engagement	2.8 (2.0-3.3)	2.5 (2.0-3.3)	0.134
OCS^† † ECO – Occupational Coping Scale
Control fator	3.6 (3.2-4-0)	3.5 (3.2-3.9)	0.312
Avoidance fator	2.8 (2.3-3.2)	2.8 (2.4-3.2)	0.778
Symptom management factor	2.9 (2.4-3.3)	3.0 (2.3-3.3)	0.802

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[1] Corresponding author: Ângela Ferreira Barros. E-mail: anbarros@yahoo.com.br