Fornari, Lucimara Fabiana; Lourenço, Rafaela Gessner; Oliveira, Rebeca Nunes Guedes de; Santos, Danyelle Leonette Araújo dos; Menegatti, Mariana Sbeghen; Fonseca, Rosa Maria Godoy Serpa da

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (Suppl 1) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0631 copiar

Domestic violence against women amidst the pandemic: coping strategies disseminated by digital media

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo:

conocer las estrategias para enfrentar la violencia doméstica contra las mujeres difundidas por los medios digitales al inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19.

Métodos:

estudio documental con enfoque cualitativo. La búsqueda se realizó del 11 de marzo al 30 de abril de 2020, a partir de cuatro fuentes: periódicos y portales en línea, red social, páginas oficiales del gobierno y portales del tercer sector. Se realizó un análisis de contenido temático de los hallazgos.

Resultados:

se identificaron 77 estrategias en la prensa periodística, 93 en la red social, 45 en portales gubernamentales y 40 en organizaciones del tercer sector. Del análisis surgieron tres categorías empíricas: Estrategias de comunicación con las mujeres; Estrategias adoptadas por el servicio al cliente; Estrategias para informar a la población.

Consideraciones finales:

la mayoría de las estrategias fueron adaptaciones de servicios existentes, centradas en la denuncia de violencia por parte de mujeres.

Descriptors:
Violencia Doméstica; Violencia contra la Mujer; Pandemias; Estrategias Nacionales; Medios de Comunicación

Strategy	Description	Place	Data source
Telephone channels for complaints	Call 180, 100, 181, 197, 129, 190 and 192	National	Press (N1, N2, P1, P2), Twitter, Government (Federal, AC, AL, BA, PR, SC, PB, PE, GO, PI, SP), TS1, TS3
	Telephone 0800: State Ombudsman for Women, State Ombudsman for Human Rights and Maria da PenhaPatrol (Patrulha Maria da Penha)	PE, BA, RJ	Press (P1), Government (PE, BA, RJ), TS1
	Cell phone: Women's Department, Domestic Violence Court, Public Prosecutor's Office, Domestic Violence Unit of the Public Defender's Office	PE, AP	Press (P1), Twitter, Government (AP), TS1, TS3
	Specific telephone service channel	AC, PI, SP, AM	Press (P1), Government (PI, SP)
Applications	WhatsApp: Women's Protection Service, Civil Police, Public Defender	SC, RS, AC, AL, AP, FD, PI, GO	Press (P1, P2, N2), Twitter, Government (AC, AL, AP, FD, PA, PB, PI, SC, GO), TS1, TS3
	SOS Women: protective measure, emergency service, location and help	National	Press (N2, P2), Twitter, TS1
	Button of Life (Botão da Vida): protective measure	AC	Government (AC)
	BR Human Rights: complaint	National	Press (P2), Twitter, Government (Federal), TS1
	MG Women: guidance and information	MG	Press (P1)
	Save Maria (Salve Maria): report and location	PI	Press (P1), Twitter
	Goiás Safety: report	GO	Government (GO)
Home page	Ombudsman of the Ministry of Women, Family and Human Rights	National	Press (P2), Twitter, Government (Federal, BA), TS1, TS3
	"Women's Letter" ("Carta de Mulheres") Project	SP, PE	Press (N2, P1)
	"Don't be silent" ("Não se Cala") project	MT	Government (MT)
Artificial intelligence	Isabot: information and reception	National	Twitter, Press (P2), TS1
Artificial intelligence	Iara: information and complaint	PA	Government (PA)
Mapping	Data collection: Iris System, Domestic Violence Monitor against Women	National, RJ	Press (P2), Twitter, TS1
Mapping	Map of services: I'mWithThem (TôComElas), WeAreTogether (NósEstamosJuntas)	National	Twitter

Strategy	Description	Place	Data source
Shelter services	Brazilian Women's House (Casa da Mulher Brasileira): service	National	Press (P1, P2, N2)
	Specialized Reference Center for Assistance to Women Victims of Violence: on call, special hours	RO, SP, BA, RJ	Press (P1, N2), Twitter, TS1
	NGO Start Over (ONG Recomeçar): shelter	SP	Press (P2)
	Domestic Violence Prevention Assistance: care	FD	Twitter
	Shelter Houses: care	FD, ES, PB, PE, RJ	Government (FD, ES, PB, PE, RJ)
Psychological support	Virtual: Women's Police Station, Women's Service Center, State Department for Social Assistance, Human Rights and policies for Women	MT, AL, AC, MG	Press (P1), Government (AL), Twitter, TS1, TS4
Psychological support	Telephone: Reference and Victim Support Center	SP	Government (SP)
Maria da Penha Patrol	Maintains in-service in the rounds, Remote service, by phone and 24 hours	SP, RS, BA, PI, PR, AC, AL	Press (P1, P2), Twitter, Government (AC, AL), TS1, TS4
Civil police station	Online registration of reports and crimes	SC, SP, ES, SE	Press (P1, P2), Government (SE), TS1, TS4
	Online police report	SP, AP, CE, FD, GO, MT, PB, PE, PI, PR, SC, SE	Press (P1, P2), Twitter, Government (AP, CE, FD, GO, MT, PB, PE, PI, PR, SP, SC, SE), TS1, TS3, TS4
	Request for emergency protective measures online	PB, FD, PR	Press (P1), Twitter, Government (PB), TS1, TS3, TS4
Justice system	Extension of protective measures for women victims	BA	Press (P1), Government (BA), TS1
Justice system	Remote service: Court of Justice of Minas Gerais	MG	Press (P1)
Legislative system	Contingency Plan for the prevention and repression of domestic violence and against women during the pandemic	National, PB	Press (P1), Government (Federal)
	Draft Law: expanding the dissemination of Call 180, adopting measures to cope with violence	National, MT, RJ, AM, SP, BA	Press (P2), Twitter, TS1, TS4
	Laws approved for condominiums, public transportation, bars, restaurants, and nightclubs	FD	Press (P1), TS1
	Domestic Council of Justice: discussion of measures	National	Press (P2), Twitter
	Coronavirus Coping Commission: discussion of measures	RN	Twitter

Strategy	Description	Place	Data source
Booklets	Themes: isolation, violence at home, women's rights, guidelines, recommendations and reporting	National, RS, AP, SP, AM, AC	Press (P1, P2), Twitter, Government (Federal, AP, AC)
Campaigns	Themes: reliquary, diary, isolation, domestic violence, stay at home, May for of women's lives, you are not alone, combating violence against women during the pandemic	National, PE, SP, FD, GO	Press (N1, P1, P2), Twitter, Government (FD, GO)
Lives	Themes: coping actions and measures, care modalities, support network, violence against women, the role of psychology in coping with violence, pandemic, social isolation, crisis context	National	Government (Federal, SP), Twitter
Other actions	Condominium participation in the complaint	National, FD	Press (P1, P2), Twitter, TS1
	Participation of neighbors in the complaint	National	Press (P2, N1), Twitter, Government (Federal)
	Support group: immigrant women, Rede Justiceiras (Avengers Network)	SP	Press (P1, P2), TS1, TS2, TS3, TS4
	"Nós por Elas" ("We for Them") project: guidance for self-defense	SP	Press (N1)
	Free transportation: Uber, 99 Taxis.	National	Press (P2), Twitter, TS1
	University: extension project, virtual assistance, online course	National, RN, PR	Twitter
	Sentinel of Good: voluntary reception at police stations	National	Twitter
	Solidary donation program for shelters	ES	Government (ES)

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[1] Corresponding author: Lucimara Fabiana Fornari E-mail: lucimarafornari@usp.br