Validación de contenido en conceptos de gestión y gerenciamiento en la Enfermería

Meneses, Abel Silva de; Cunha, Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 75 (04) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0600 copiar

Validación de contenido en conceptos de gestión y gerenciamiento en la Enfermería

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

definir y validar 37 conceptos emanados de la epistemología del saber sobre Administración en Enfermería.

Métodos:

es un estudio teórico-metodológico que empleó la técnica Delphi en 37 definiciones y conceptos construidos según el saber de más de medio siglo de investigaciones sobre Administración en Enfermería. Los conceptos se sometieron ante 21 jueces y la validación se obtuvo mediante el índice de validez de contenido (> 0,78) y el coeficiente Kappa (> 0,61).

Resultados:

se determinaron 37 conceptos y definiciones capaces de reflejar el saber sobre la Administración en Enfermería. Los 37 conceptos fueron validados por los jueces, dando como resultado, índices de validez de contenido de 0,81 a 1,00, con fiabilidad superior a 0,79.

Conclusiones:

los jueces validaron esta solución epistemológica con índices superiores a 0,80 y fiabilidad alta de acuerdo universal, estableciéndose como un nuevo objeto de comprensión ontológica para la comunidad científica enfermera.

Descriptores:
Investigación en Administración de Enfermería; Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia; Espistemología; Formación de Concepto; Estudios de Validación

Work Process	Points		Judge Selection Criteria	Judges
Work Process	Points		Judge Selection Criteria	n	%
Search	5
		2	Minimum doctoral degree	21	100.0
		2	At least four published scientific articles on Nursing Administration	13	61.9
		1	At least six years of employment in a research group on Nursing Administration	16	76.2
Teach	3
		2	At least two orientations completed by stricto sensu graduate students on Nursing Administration	11	52.4
		1	At least four years of experience in the teaching of Nursing Administration in the stricto sensu graduate program	11	52.4
Manage	2
		2	At least five years of experience in nursing management practice	17	81.0

CONCEPT		DEFINITION
1.	IDEOLOGICAL AND THEORETICAL BASES	Set of formulations of a conceptual nature that lends itself to understanding the phenomena that involve the work process of Nursing Administration.
1.1.	Management Theories	Theoretical-philosophical strands of different conceptions or concepts, principles, propositions and fundamental characteristics about the nature of the phenomena that involve Nursing Administration.
1.2.	Health policies	Ideological propositions generally governmental, legitimized through legislation, guidelines or similar formulations, directed to public reason and social interest, endowed with strategic objectives aimed at the conformation and organization of the health care system and its Nursing Services.
1.3.	Philosophy of the Nursing Service	Beliefs, values, traditions, priorities and power relations or other cultural conceptions that represent the roots of the Nursing Service, generally validated by pronouncing the mission, vision and values of Nursing Services.
1.4.	Labor Market and Areas of Operation	Product of the interaction between the phenomena that regulate the demand and supply of the Nursing workforce in productive spaces, taking into account the scope of diversification of Nursing specialties, subsidized by this science, and the economic and social situation circumscribed in certain geopolitical scenario.
2.	INTERVENTION METHODS	Set of actions organized in a logical sequence, which operates in the light of the Ideological and Theoretical Bases of Nursing Administration, aiming to transform the object of work through the resources to be administered.
2.1.	Planning	Predetermination of a succession of strategic and dynamic procedures, conditioned to a certain management guideline, due to the Philosophy of the Nursing Service.
2.2.	Decision making	Deliberative process arising from intellectual reflection on a set of complex alternatives, the result of choosing the alternative with the least possibility of uncertainty, but which is related to the Philosophy of the Nursing Service.
2.3.	Supervision	Process of improvement of the productive system of Nursing with the effect of catalyzing resources, cooperating efforts and harmonizing processes in line with the purpose of Nursing Services.
2.4.	Audit	Assessment of the quality of the Systematization of Nursing Care and of the resources of the Nursing Services, through the appreciation of nursing documentation and other sources of information, according to previously defined reference standards.
3.	RESOURCE ADMINISTRATION PRACTICE	Operationalization of intervention methods associated with the understanding of the ideological and theoretical bases in approaching the resources necessary for Nursing work processes.
3.1.	Political Resource Management Practice	Operationalization of intervention methods associated with the understanding of the ideological and theoretical bases in approaching the political mechanisms that nurses appropriate in the field of relationships as a means of influencing the behavior of the nursing workforce and other actors with whom they relate.
3.1.1.	Organizational Structure and its Relationships	Ordering a social body with varying levels of autonomy, attributed through hierarchical interdependence and cooperation relationships existing in a certain context of Nursing Services.
3.1.2.	Organizational Power and Culture	Field of forces in which one or more actors assume a potentially strategic position on the will of others, influenced by a set of values and other symbolic elements that represent the identity of Nursing Services
3.1.3.	Change, Conflict and Negotiation	Transformations of any nature that affect the characteristics of Nursing Services, which can trigger antagonism of ideas and instability in Nursing’s social relations, whose management depends on a technical mediation process that provides adjustment in Nursing’s interpersonal relationships.
3.1.4.	Leadership	Exercise of influence on the social relations of the Nursing workforce and other actors related to it, varying in style according to the circumstances, with the effect of cooperating efforts and taking advantage of the maximum potential in the performance of the productive force towards the intended objective.
3.1.5.	Motivation	Process capable of stimulating the volitional behavior of the Nursing workforce in favor of the objectives of the Nursing Services, using approaches that provide the perception of the objectives as an object of satisfaction in the reward system of this workforce.
3.2.	Human Resource Management Practice	Operationalization of intervention methods associated with the understanding of the ideological and theoretical bases in the approach to the nursing workforce and its integration in the context of Nursing Services.
3.2.1.	Sizing	Systematic process used in the planning and quantitative-qualitative assessment of the nursing workforce, through intervening variables (uniqueness and philosophy of Nursing Services, epidemiological context, workload and regulatory parameters of production processes) that ensure nursing care of quality and free of risks to the population and professionals.
3.2.2.	Recruitment and selection	Process that seeks to attract candidates with the potential to occupy nursing jobs according to predefined characteristics, submitting them to methods of distinction and choice of those whose competence is in line with the philosophy of the Nursing Service.
3.2.3.	Performance Evaluation and Talent Retention	Judgment on the use of the nursing workforce in a certain time interval, according to a set of desirable characteristics in the context of the Nursing Service philosophy, supporting the proposition of personnel development policies favorable to the permanence of actors capable of adding value to the Nursing Service.
3.2.4.	Permanent Education	Pedagogical strategy outlined in the context of Nursing Services, carried out through approaches and reflections aimed at transforming the professional practices of the nursing workforce.
3.3.	Physical Resource Management Practice	Operationalization of intervention methods associated with the understanding of the ideological and theoretical bases in the approach of physical spaces, facilities, ambience and productive processes used in Nursing activities.
3.3.1.	Architecture and Logistics	Art of outlining physical-spatial structures capable of housing the facilities of Nursing Services, whose effectiveness depends on the systematization of productive processes that provide the rationalization of flows and the efficiency of resources for quality and risk-free nursing care.
3.3.2.	Customer and Professional Security	A set of policies and standards of procedures that determine quality nursing care that is free from risks and harm to clients and professionals.
3.3.3.	Sustainability	Environmental responsibility policy sensitive to the development of eco-efficient strategies in Nursing Services.
3.4.	Financial Resources Management Practice	Operationalization of intervention methods associated with the understanding of the ideological and theoretical bases in the approach of the monetary means used in the financing of Nursing activities.
3.4.1.	Budget and Billing	Administrative work plan that expresses in monetary terms the economic policy of Nursing Services for a given year, taking into account the set of receivables in monetary value obtained from the marketing of Nursing activities in a certain period.
3.4.2.	Costs	Monetary investments applied in the financing of Nursing activities.
3.4.3.	Productivity	Efficient result of the quantitative-qualitative relationship between the product of Nursing work processes and the number of resources invested in it in a certain period.
3.5.	Practice of Management of Technological and Information Resources	Operationalization of intervention methods associated with the understanding of the ideological and theoretical bases in the approach of technological instruments and means of information used in Nursing activities.
3.5.1.	Communication and its Technologies	Sharing of ideas, beliefs, attitudes or other ideological conceptions through symbolic interaction in Nursing interpersonal relationships, improved through the contribution of applied scientific knowledge in the form of processes, methods, techniques, instruments or other technological innovations that provide greater practical use of the know about interactivity between actors.
3.5.2.	Client’s medical record	Personal document of a legal, confidential and scientific nature, object of communication between health professionals who, regardless of the means of archival support - traditional or electronic, integrates information on the determinants of health status and the care provided to an individual during his or her life cycle.
3.5.3.	Manuals, Forms and Information Systems and their Technologies	Concise technical productions containing instructions necessary to carry out a certain nursing activity, such as filling in data collection instruments consisting of predefined fields, whose formulations serve a certain purpose, such as subsidizing the flow of data to the tools designed to collect, store, process and retrieve information about nursing activities, improved through the contribution of scientific knowledge applied in the form of processes, methods, techniques, instruments or other technological innovations that provide greater practical use of knowledge about information in Nursing.
3.6.	Material Resource Management Practice	Operationalization of intervention methods associated with the understanding of the ideological and theoretical bases in approaching the material elements used in the productive processes of Nursing.
3.6.1.	Prevision and Acquisition	Process of standardization, classification, technical specification and estimation of materials needed for the nursing production process in a certain period, carried out by the procedure for obtaining inputs that involves quotation, negotiation and purchase, receipt, quality control and storage.
3.6.2.	Distribution and Control	Availability of materials in appropriate quantity and frequency to ensure the continuity of the nursing production process, regulated according to methods of evaluation and monitoring of logistical behavior, consumption and intervenient that may impair the continuity of the nursing production process.

Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: reben@abennacional.org.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Abel Silva de Meneses, E-mail: enfermeiro.meneses@gmail.com