Prevalencia de Síndrome de Burnout em técnicos em enfermería de una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Adulto

Alves, Michelle Cardoso e Cardozo; Barilli, Sofia Louise Santin; Specht, Andréia Martins; Herbert, Noéli Daiãm Raymundo

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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Brazil

Português Español

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Table of contents

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (suppl 3) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0736 copiar

Prevalencia de Síndrome de Burnout em técnicos em enfermería de una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Adulto

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo:

verificar laprevalencia de agotamiento profesional (Síndrome de Burnout) en técnicos de enfermería de una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de adultos y asociar la prevalencia con datos sociodemográficos y clínicos.

Método:

estudio transversal, desarrollado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos para adultos de un gran hospital público delsur de Brasil, entre marzo y abril de 2018. La prevalencia se evaluó mediante el Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Resultados:

participaron 122 técnicos de enfermería (edad 39±2,5 años), de los cuales 76% eran mujeres. La prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout fue del 19,7% y del 62,9%. Hubo asociación significativa entre Síndrome de Burnout y depresión (p=0,004), así como Síndrome de Burnout y comorbilidades (p=0,033), cuando se adoptó un criterio menos conservador.

Conclusión:

los hallazgos son relevantes para los profesionales de esta área y pueden contribuir a laadopción de estrategias para combatir el Síndrome de Burnout.

Descriptores:
Agotamiento Profesional; Salud Laboral; Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos; Grupo de Enfermeria; Enfermeria

Variables	n= 122
Age (years)^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	39 ± 2.5
Female(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%).	92 (76)
With a companion(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%).	79 (72.5)
With children(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%).	87 (72)
Withreligion (%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%).	101 (84)
Family income (minimum wages)^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	6.3 ± 2.2
Years of study (%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%).
13 to 16	98 (80)
16 and more	24 (20)
Completing higher education (%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%).	29 (24)
Possui another job (%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%).	16 (13)
Professional career span (years)^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	13.6 ± 6.3
Professional career spanat ICU (years)^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	8.7 ± 6
Total weekly hours worked^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	40 ± 17.7
Comorbidities(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%).	55 (45.5)
Sedentary lifestyle	62 (52)
Depression	15 (12)
Hypertension	13 (11)
Smoking	9 (7)
Anxiety	2 (1.7)
Bipolarity	2 (1.7)

Variables	n (%)
Emotional exhaustion (EE)
High	61 (52.6)
Moderate	30 (25.9)
Low	25 (21.6)
Depersonalization (DP)
High	47 (40.9)
Moderate	51 (44.3)
Low	17 (14.8)
Personal accomplishment (PA)
High	10 (8.5)
Moderate	16 (13.7)
Low	91 (77.8)
Burnout Syndrome
Maslach et al.⁽¹⁵15 Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job Burnout. Ann Rev Psychol. 2001;52(1):397-422. doi: 10.1146/annurey.psych.52.1.397 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurey.psych.52... ⁾	23 (19.7)
Grunfeld et al.⁽¹⁶16 Grunfeld E, Whelan TJ, Zitzelsberger L, Willan AR, Montesanto B, Evans WK. Cancer care workers in Ontario: prevalence of burnout, job stress and job satisfaction. CMAJ [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2019 Oct 15];163(2):166-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC80206/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... ⁾	73 (62.9)

Variables	With Burnout Syndrome (n=23)	Without Burnout Syndrome (n=94)	p
Professional career span (years)^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	13.4 ± 6.4	13.6 ± 5.6	0.900
Professional career spanat ICU (months)^‡ ‡ asymmetric variables presented as median and interquartile range.	108 [57 - 147]	96 [60 - 144]	0.491
Family income (minimum wages)^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	6.6 ± 2.3	5.1 ± 1.7	0.005
Total weekly hours worked^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	40.2 ± 19.0	37.6 ± 7.5	0.509
Another job	2 (13.3)	13 (86.7)	0.755
Completing higher education(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	5 (17.9)	23 (82.1)	0.998
Religion(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	19 (19.4)	79 (80.6)	0.754
Comorbidities(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	14 (60.9)	37 (39.4)	0.103
Smoking(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	4 (17.4)	5 (5.3)	0.073
Depression(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	4 (17.4)	10 (10.6)	0.471
Bipolarity(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	0 (0.0)	2 (2.1)	1.000
Anxiety(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	1 (4.3)	1 (1.1)	0.356
Sedentary lifestyle(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	10 (43.5)	52 (55.3)	0.431

Variables	With Burnout Syndrome (n=73)	Without Burnout Syndrome (n=43)	p
Professional career span^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	14.5 ± 7.1	13.3 ± 5.9	0.330
Professional career spanat ICU^‡ ‡ asymmetric variables presented as median and interquartile range.	96 [51 - 144]	96 [60 - 156]	0.730
Family income (minimum wages)^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	6.5 ± 2.2	6.1 ± 2.2	0.397
Total weekly hours worked^* * Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation;	41.0 ± 25.5	39.8 ± 11.8	0.729
Another job(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	12 (16.4)	4 (9.3)	0.425
Completing higher education(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	18 (24.7)	11 (25.6)	1.000
Religion(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	59 (80.8)	38 (90.5)	0.269
Comorbidities(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	40 (54.8)	14 (32.6)	0.033
Smoking(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	7 (9.6)	2 (4.7)	0.481
Depression(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	15 (20.5)	0 (0.0)	0.004
Bipolarity(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	2 (2.7)	0 (0.0)	0.529
Anxiety(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	2 (2.7)	0 (0.0)	0.529
Sedentary lifestyle(%)^† † categorical variables expressed as n (%);	38 (52.8)	19 (44.2)	0.485

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[1] Corresponding author: Michelle Cardoso e Cardozo Alves. E-mail: michelle2cardozo@gmail.com