Validation of the Falls Efficacy Scale – International in a sample of Portuguese elderly

Marques-Vieira, Cristina Maria Alves; Sousa, Luís Manuel Mota de; Sousa, Lisete Maria Ribeiro de; Berenguer, Sílvia Maria Alves Caldeira

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0497

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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RESEARCH • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 71 (suppl 2) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0497 copy

Validation of the Falls Efficacy Scale – International in a sample of Portuguese elderly

Validación da Falls Efficacy Scale International en una muestra de ancianos portugueses

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to translate and adapt Falls Efficacy Scale – International (FES-I). To analyze the psychometric properties of the FES-I Portugal version.

Method:

psychometric study. Sample consisting of 170 elderly people residing in the Autonomous Region of Madeira. A two- part form was used (sociodemographic characterization and FES-I Portugal). The cross-cultural adaptation was performed and the following psychometric properties were evaluated: validity (construct, predictive, and discriminant), reliability (Cronbach’s alpha), and inter-rater reliability.

Results:

the results allow us to verify a dimension of less demanding physical activities and another of more demanding physical activities. The inter-rater reliability study was 0.62, with an interclass correlation coefficient of 0.859, for a 95% confidence interval. The internal consistency of the Portuguese version was 0.962.

Conclusion:

the validity and reliability of the FES-I Portugal are consistent with the original version and proved to be appropriate instruments for evaluating the “impaired walking” and “risk of falls” nursing diagnoses in the older people.

Descriptors:
Fear; Accidental Falls; Risk Factors; Aged; Validation Studies

Questions of the FES-I Portugal	Factor 1	Factor 2
Factor 1
1: To clean the house (e.g. wash the floor, to vacuum)	0.552	0.464
2: To dress or undress	0.786	0.236
3: To prepare simple meals	0.760	0.269
4: To take a bath or a shower	0.641	0.429
5: To go shopping	0.698	0.387
6: To sit or get up from a chair	0.717	0.389
8: To walk around the neighborhood	0.598	0.568
10: To answer the phone	0.690	0.234
12: To visit a friend or relative	0.670	0.428
16: To attend a social event (e.g. religious act, family reunion or meeting at the club)	0.617	0.576
Factor 2
7: To climb up or down the stairs	0.468	0.680
9: To get something above head or ground level	0.489	0.549
11: To walk on slippery surface (e. g. wet floor)	0.251	0.792
13: To walk in crowded places	0.469	0.680
14: To walk on uneven surface (with stones or holes)	0.315	0.844
15: To go up or down a slope street	0.294	0.806

Questions of the FES-I Portugal	Factor 1^* * The appointment was made considering factorials above 0.5. FES - Falls Efficacy Scale.
Factor 1
1: To clean the house (e.g. wash the floor, to vacuum)	0.723
2: To dress or undress	0.727
3: To prepare simple meals	0.732
4: To take a bath or a shower	0.762
5: To go shopping	0.774
6: To sit or get up from a chair	0.789
7: To climb up or down the stairs	0.806
8: To walk around the neighborhood	0.827
9: To get something above head or ground level	0.735
10: To answer the phone	0.660
11: To walk on slippery surface (e. g. wet ground)	0.712
12: To visit a friend or relative	0.783
13: To walk in crowded places	0.807
14: To walk on uneven surface (with stones or holes)	0.793
15: To go up or down a slope street	0.754
16: To attend a social event (e.g. religious act, family reunion or meeting at the club)	0.847

FES-I Portugal(variables to be compared)	AUC	Sensibility%	Specificity%	Cutting point	J	p value
GN/Fall	0.694	65.32	70.21	32	0.3554	0.0001
NSRN/Fall	0.692	71.32	58.54	29	0.2985	0.0001
Impaired Walk/GN	0.864	77.67	83.82	33	0.6149	0.0001
Impaired Walk/NSRN	0.867	71.70	90.77	35	0.6247	0.0001
Impaired Walk/Elderly People by GN	0.854	75.00	84.13	33	0.5913	0.0001
Impaired Walk/Elderly People by NSRN	0.866	70.64	91.94	35	0.6258	0.0001
Risk for Falls/GN	0.909	73.55	95.92	32	0.6947	0.0001
Risk for Falls/NSRN	0.924	77.19	94.64	32	0.7184	0.0001
Risk for Falls/Elderly People by GN	0.864	74.14	83.33	32	0.5747	0.0001
Risk for Falls/Elderly People by GN	0.925	77.88	94.64	32	0.7252	0.0001

Variables		Score of the FES-I		Significance
Variables		Mean	Standard Deviation	Significance
Sex	Female (n=138)	36.27	13.862	0.670
Sex	Male (n=32)	35.09	14.627	0.670
Age	≤ 75 years (n=117)	34.32	13.261	0.016
Age	> 75 years (n=53)	39.85	14.860	0.016
History of falls	Yes (n=128)	38.29	13.897	0.000
History of falls	No (n=42)	29.21	11.958	0.000
Impaired balance	Yes (n=91)	43.96	12.254	0.000
Impaired balance	No (n=69)	26.83	9.381	0.000
Daily consumption of medication	Yes (n=139)	37.38	14.005	0.021
Daily consumption of medication	No (n=20)	29.75	11.182	0.021
Impaired vision	Yes (n=93)	40.13	13.529	0.000
Impaired vision	No (n=67)	31.63	13.119	0.000
Impaired hearing	Yes (n=51)	39.49	13.143	0.070
Impaired hearing	No (n=109)	35.20	14.187	0.070
Decreased health	Yes (n=82)	42.73	13.094	0.000
Decreased health	No (n=79)	30.09	11.808	0.000

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Cristina Maria Alves Marques Vieira. E-mail: cristina_marques@ics.lisba.ucp.pt