Coping strategies, concerns, and habits of Brazilian men in the COVID-19 context

Sousa, Anderson Reis de; Teixeira, Jules Ramon Brito; Mota, Tilson Nunes; Santana, Thiago da Silva; Santos, Sélton Diniz dos; Merces, Magno Conceição das; Carvalho, Evanilda Souza de Santana; Sousa, Álvaro Francisco Lopes

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0040

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (Suppl 1) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0040 copy

Coping strategies, concerns, and habits of Brazilian men in the COVID-19 context

Estrategias de afrontamiento, preocupaciones y hábitos de los hombres brasileños en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To describe coping strategies, concerns and habits of Brazilian men during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method:

Cross-sectional, descriptive and nationwide study, carried out in 2020 with a total of 1015 men living in Brazil. A descriptive statistic was used.

Results:

Young (41.2%), black (61.4%), highly educated (66.8%), high income (33.2%), living with family/friends (49.7%) and formal workers (65.6%) predominated. As coping strategies predominated: exclusive use of the private health system (36.4%), support from family/friends (78.2%) and leisure (97.7%) and domestic activities (64.9 %). Social distancing (59.7%), economic (58.0%) and work situations (44.4%) were the main reasons for concern. Among the prevention/control attitudes, hand washing (94.3%) and social distancing (91.0%) prevailed. Media consumption (84.6%) and health risk (65.4%) were the main increased habits.

Conclusion:

Brazilian men adopted coping strategies recommended by health authorities, with concerns and habits of potential risk to physical and mental health.

Descriptors:
Pandemics; COVID-19; Men; Strategies; Habits

Variables	n	%
Sociodemographic and occupational characteristics
Sexual identity
Heterosexual	435	42.9
Bisexual	84	8.3
Homosexual	484	47.7
Others	12	1.2
Age range
18 to 29 years old	418	41.2
30 to 39 years old	370	36.5
40 or more	227	22.4
Race/color
Not black	392	38.6
Black	623	61.4
Education
Elementary school	66	6.5
High school	271	26.7
Higher education	678	66.8
Monthly income (in minimum wages)^* * Minimum wage in the collection year (2020): R$ 1045.00.
Up to 1	208	20.5
1 to 2	237	23.3
3 to 4	233	23.0
5 or more	337	33.2
Living with
Family/friends	504	49.7
Partner/Children	297	29.3
Alone	514	21.1
Working situation
Working	736	72.5
Not working	279	27.5
Working relationship (N=736)
Formal	483	65.6
Informal	253	34.4

Health system use (N=978)
Exclusively SUS	367	36.2
Exclusively Private System	369	36.4
SUS and Private System	242	23.8
Support for coping with the pandemic
Yes	385	37.9
No	630	62.1
Type of support for coping with the pandemic (n=385)
Health Service	53	13.7
Security and/or Public Administration	76	19.7
Religion/Spirituality	55	14.3
Family and/or Friends	301	78.2
Others	30	3.0
Reason(s) for concern
No	38	3.7
Yes	977	96.3
Type of concern (n=977)
Physical appearance	127	13.0
Distancing from contact/social life	583	59.7
Lack of leisure	270	27.6
Lack of physical activity	417	42.7
Sexual inactivity	342	35.0
Economic situation	567	58.0
Educational situation	337	34.5
Family situation	338	34.6
Working situation	434	44.4
Situation of loving relationship	131	13.4
Emotional situation	399	40.8
Adoption of strategies to make coping easier
Yes	994	97.9
No	21	2.1
Types of strategy to make coping easier
Domestic activities	645	64.9
Leisure activities	971	97.7
Physical activities	313	31.5
Working activities	490	49.3
Prevention/control attitudes
Quarantine	735	72.4
Social distancing	924	91.0
Handwashing	957	94.3
Body hygiene	790	77.8
Food hygiene	637	62.8
Household hygiene	661	65.1
Use of hand sanitizer	794	78.2
Use of masks	240	23.6

Increased habits during the pandemic
No	42	4.1
Yes	973	95.9
Increased habits during the pandemic (n=973)
Media consumption	823	84.6
Family life	395	40.6
Leisure/health	613	63.0
Health risk behaviors (alcohol and other drugs)	636	65.4
Stocking food
No	664	65.4
Yes	351	34.6
Adoption of new health care habits
Yes	884	81.1
No	131	12.9

Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: reben@abennacional.org.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Anderson Reis de Sousa E-mail: anderson.sousa@ufba.br