Burnout Syndrome and Associated Factors in Intensive Care Unit Nurses

a cross-sectional, population-based study carried out with 65 intensive care nurses through a self-administered questionnaire, from July to November 2016, containing sociodemographic data, lifestyle, work characteristics. To define burnout syndrome, the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used.

Results:

Burnout Syndrome prevalence was 53.6%, an association was observed with age, tobacco consumption, alcohol use, weekly night shift hours, employment relationship, having an intensive care specialist title, number of patients on duty, monthly income and considering active or high-strain job.

Conclusion:

the results of this study can contribute to expanding the discussion on stressful working conditions in Intensive Care Units.

Descriptors:
Nurses; Burnout, Professional; Intensive Care Units; Occupational Health; Cross-Sectional Studies

Personal and functional characteristics	n^* * Valid answers, excluding those ignored;	%
Sex	65	100.0
Female	59	90.8
Male	06	9.2
Age	62	100.0
≤ 34 years old	39	62.9
> 34 years old	23	37.1
Marital status	63	100.0
With companion	36	57.1
No companion	27	42.9
Children	63	100.0
Yes	29	46.0
No	34	54.0
Smoking	64	100.0
Yes	03	4.6
No	61	95.3
Alcoholism	65	100.0
Yes	33	50.8
No	32	49.2
Physical activity	65	100.0
Yes	35	53.8
No	30	46.2
Employment relationship	64	100.0
Public employee	18	28.0
Others (temporary contracts)	46	72.0
Night shift	47	100.0
≤ 24 hours	31	66.0
> 24 hours	16	34.0
Weekly working hours^ Activities that generate income.	61	100.0
≤ 54 hours	31	50.8
> 54 hours	30	49.2
Other work	63	100.0
Yes	40	63.5
No	23	36.5
ICU specialist	56	100.0
Yes	37	66.0
No	19	34.0
Working time in ICU (years)	61	100.0
≤ 6 years	35	57.4
> 7 years	26	42.6
Work sector	60	100.0
Adult ICU	27	41.5
Pediatric and neonatal ICU	33	51.0
Patients under their responsibility	63	100.0
≤ 10 patients	28	44.4
> 10 patients	35	55.6
Income^ Activities that generate income.	63	100.0
Below 3,000.00 to 6,000.00	49	77.8
6,001 to 20,000.00	14	22.2

Dimensions	n^* * Valid answers, excluding those ignored;	%
Emotional exhaustion	61	100
Low	19	31.0
Moderate	17	28.0
High	25	41.0
Depersonalization	62	100
Low	39	63.0
Moderate	19	30.5
High	04	6.5
Ineffectiveness	60	100
High	10	17.0
Moderate	15	25.0
Low	35	58.0
Burnout Syndrome^ Burnout Syndrome, classified by the high level in one of Maslach Burnout Inventory dimensions.	56	100
Yes	30	53.6
No	26	44.4

Variables	Nurses suspected with Burnout Syndrome
Variables	n^* * Valid answers, excluding those ignored;	Prevalence %	PR	CI
Age
≤ 34 years	24	63.2	1.37	0.82-----2.33
> 34 years	10	45.5	1.37	0.82-----2.33
Marital status
With companion	20	57.1	1.06	0.61-----1.89
No companion	14	53.8	1.06	0.61-----1.89
Children
No	19	57.6	1.07	0.68-----1.69
Yes	15	53.6	1.07	0.68-----1.69
Smoking
Others	03	100	1.84	1.46-----2.33^ Statistically significant result.
Never	32	54.2	1.84	1.46-----2.33^ Statistically significant result.
Alcoholism
Yes	21	65.6	1.45	1.43-----1.79^ Statistically significant result.
No	14	45.2	1.45	1.43-----1.79^ Statistically significant result.
Physical activity
Yes	14	48.3	0.78	0.49-----1.24
No	21	61.8	0.78	0.49-----1.24

Variables	Nurses suspected with Burnout Syndrome
Variables	n^* * Valid responses, excluding those ignored;	Prevalence %	PR	CI
Employment relationship
Public employee	12	66.7	1.28	0.83-----1.96
Others	23	52.3	1.28	0.83-----1.96
Night shift^ Weekly;
≤ 24 hours	26	65.0	1.39	0.76-----2.50
> 24 hours	07	46.7	1.39	0.76-----2.50
Working hours^ Weekly;
≥ 36 hours	08	61.5	1.07	0.65-----1.76
< 36 hours	27	57.4	1.07	0.65-----1.76
Other work
No	25	65.8	1.51	0.90-----2.54
Yes	10	43.5	1.51	0.90-----2.54
ICU specialist
Yes	33	58.9	2.36	0.43-----13.0
No	01	25.0	2.36	0.43-----13.0
Working time in ICU
> 7 years	15	57.7	1.01	0.65-----1.56
≤ 6 years	20	57.1	1.01	0.65-----1.56
Work sector
Adult ICU	18	66.7	1.25	0.82-----1.92
Pediatric and neonatal ICU	16	53.3	1.25	0.82-----1.92
Quantity of patients
> 10 patients	23	65.7	1.42	0.88-----2.30
≤ 10 patients	12	46.2	1.42	0.88-----2.30
Income^* ***** Activities that generate income.
≤3,000.00	29	60.4	1.57	0.76-----3.24
3,001 to 20,000.00	05	38.5	1.57	0.76-----3.24

Demand-Control Model group (JCQ)	Burnout Syndrome
Demand-Control Model group (JCQ)	n	Prevalence (%)	PR	CI
High strain*	14	63.0	-	-
↑ Demand + ↓ Control
Low strain	5	41.7	1.53	0.73-3.20
↑ Demand + ↓ Control
Passive work	6	42.9	1.49	0.75-2.93
↑ Demand + ↓ Control
Active work	8	72.7	0.88	0.54-1.41
↑ Demand + ↓ Control

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[1] Corresponding author: Núbia Samara Caribé de Aragão. E-mail: nscaribe@hotmail.com