Factores relacionados a la calidad de vida de residentes multiprofesionales en salud

Pai, Daiane Dal; Olino, Luciana; Eich, Lidiellen; Lautenchleger, Raquel; Fernandes, Marcelo Nunes da Silva; Tavares, Juliana Petri

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 75 (6) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0541 copiar

Factores relacionados a la calidad de vida de residentes multiprofesionales en salud

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

analizar factores relacionados a la calidad de vida de residentes multiprofesionales en salud.

Métodos:

delineamento transversal y analítico, realizado con 94 residentes que respondieron a una encuesta conteniendo datos generales, el Maslach Burnout Inventory, el Self-Reporting Questionnaire y el World Health Quality of Life. Los datos fueron sometidos a la regresión linear múltiple, considerando p < 0,05.

Resultados:

los disturbios psíquicos menores incrementaron, respectivamente, 0,31, 0,64 y 0,35 en los dominios Físico, Psicológico y General de la calidad de vida. El Desgaste emocional presentó influencia inversa de 0,28 sobre los dominios Físico y Medio ambiente. La Satisfacción con la residencia incrementó en 0,20 el desfecho general de la calidad de vida; Vivir solo, en 0,02 el dominio Psicológico; y la Raza/color, en 0,19 el dominio Medio ambiente.

Conclusiones:

hay relación entre Desgaste emocional recurrente del burnout, Disturbios psíquicos menores y la calidad de vida de residentes multiprofesionales.

Descriptores:
Salud Mental; Calidad de Vida; Internado no Médico; Internado y Residencia; Satisfacción Personal

Variables	Physical	Psychological	Quality of life Social	Environmental	General
Emotional exhaustion
Low	67.85(±11.37)^a	62.78(±16.51)^a	66.95(±19.09)^a	63.36(±12.74)^a	64.65(±19.49)^a
Moderate	58.66(±11.23)^b	53.98(±11.97)^b	60.10(±15.72)^a	56.25(±12.44)^a	52.92(±18.46)^a ^b
High	48.61(±12.01)^c	48.61(±12.01)^b	49.07(±15.36)^b	47.39(±12.91)^b	47.22(±15.19)^b
p < 0.05 General	0.000	0.001	0.003	0.000	0.004
Professional achievement
Low	65.17(±14.48)^a	57.98(±17.50)^a	69.09(±14.63)^a	62.23(±11.68)^a	59.89(±19.84)^a
Moderate	59.24(±11.29)^ab	55.22(±12.79)^a	57.67(±17.22)^b	54.84(±12.34)^a	52.20(±19.47)^a
High	53.38(±13.70)^b	53.28(±12.23)^a	55.26(±19.28)^b	54.93(±17.68)^a	58.55(±16.69)^a
p < 0.05 General	0.012	0.540	0.012	0.073	0.199
Depersonalization
Low	58.51(±13.44)^a	53.04(±16.13)^a	63.46(±19.73)^a	54.92(±14.76)^a	52.40(±20.92)^a
Moderate	60.15(±12.27)^a	60.15(±12.27)^a	59.07(±15.67)^a	58.05(±11.56)^a	54.72(±19.27)^a
High	59.62(±14.89)^a	59.62(±14.89)^a	58.33(±19.29)^a	56.25(±16.31)^a	60.32(±16.70)^a
p < 0.05 General	0.881	0.545	0.522	0.641	0.336
Dimensions of burnout
Emotional exhaustion	r = -0.51**	r = -0.42**	r = -0.38**	r = -0.42**	r = - 0.36**
Professional achievement	r = -0.32*	r = -0.18	r = -0.26*	r = -0.19	r = -0.47
Depersonalization	r = 0.24	r = 0.48	r = -0.11	r = -0.01	r = 0.12
Minor psychiatric disorders
No	70.73 (±10.64)	71.18 (±8.93)	69.44 (±19.29)	64.06 (±12.53)	68.75 (±17.67)
Yes	55.81 (±11.79)	50.17 (±11.06)	56.9 (±16.04)	54.24 (±13.20)	50.89 (±17.59)
p < 0.05 General	0.000	0.000	0.002	0.002	0.000
Minor psychiatric disorders	r = - 0.54**	r = -0.76**	r = -0.36**	r = -0.41**	r = -0.48**

Variables	Physical	Psychological	Quality of life Social	Environmental	General
Use of caffeine
Yes	60 (±12.3)^a	56.3 (±13.7)^b	60 (±17.7)^a	57.3 (±13.0)^a	56.4(±19.2)^b
No	52.9 (±22.8)	44.4 (±14.1)	51.4 (±16.8)	48.9 (±21.2)	41.6 (±12.9)
p value	0.487	0.04	0.214	0.15	0.037
Increased caffeine consumption
Yes	59.5 (±11.6)^a	56.5 (±12.6)^a	59 (±15.7)^a	55.9 (±12.3)^a	56 (±18.1)^a
No	60 (±17.0)	52.8 (±17.2)	63 (±22.3)	58.9 (±17)	52 (±21.8)
p value	0.851	0.334	0.343	0.441	0.342
Caffeine consumption interferes with sleep
Yes	54.4 (±10.3)^b	51.4 (±11.4)^a	53 (±15.9)^b	52 (±14.9)^b	48.8(±18.9)^b
No	61.8 (±12.4)	57.8 (±14.0)	62.8 (±17.8)	58.9 (±12.0)	58.7 (±18.8)
p value	0.016	0.06	0.045	0.035	0.038
Controlled psychoactive medication use
Yes	54.3 (±12.0)*	50.6 (±15.1)^b	57 (±17.7)^a	53.6 (±13.1)^a	51 (±17.8)^a
No	62.3 (±12.9)	58.0 (±12.7)	61.5 (±17.7)	58.4 (±13.7)	57.7 (±19.7)
p value	0.005	0.014	0.270	0.11	0.121
Use of controlled psychoactive medication before residency
Yes	54.8 (±11.0)^a	50.2 (±11.9)^a	52 (±15.5)^b	51.5 (±14.4)^a	51 (±18.7)^a
No	60.6 (±13.4)	56.7 (±14.2)	61.8 (±17.8)	57.9 (±13.3)	56.3 (±19.3)
p value	0.101	0.084	0.048	0.078	0.347
Addition of controlled psychoactive medication
Yes	55.1 (±11.5)^a	46.9 (±14.8)^b	55 (±17.7)^a	51.9 (±15.6)^a	48.4 (±18)^a
No	60.5 (±13.3)	57.3 (±13.2)	61.2 (±17.6)	57.7 (±13.1)	56.9 (±19.1)
p value	0.139	0.006	0.180	0.124	0.109
Use of over-the-counter medication
Yes	58.1 (±12.3)^a	54.6 (±13.8)^a	60 (±19.0)^a	54.6 (±13.6)^a	54 (±17.9)^a
No	61.6 (±14.1)	56.9 (±14.2)	60.1 (±15.7)	59.8 (±13.3)	56.6 (±21.1)
p value	0.208	0.438	0.993	0.068	0.652
Use of over-the-counter medication without professional indication
Yes	59.3 (±16.1)^a	60 (±12.6)^a	63 (±16.7)^a	52.5 (±13.4)^a	56 (±19.7)^a
No	57.7 (±11.2)	53.8 (±13.8)	59.9 (±19.3)	54.8 (±13.4)	54.4 (±17.4)
p value	0.703	0.197	0.604	0.621	0.769

Quality of life domains	Standardized beta	β (CI95%)	p	R²
Physical domain
Emotional exhaustion	-0.282	-0.537(-0.996;-0.079)	0.022	0.416
Depersonalization	0.064	0.286(-0.611;1.182)	0.528
Professional achievement	-0.047	-0.114(-0.699;0.472)	0.700
Minor psychic disorders	-0.315	-1.058(-1.768;-0.349)	0.004
Use of psychoactive medication	-0.099	-2.736(-7.872;2.399)	0.292
Caffeine disrupts sleep	0.024	0.759(-5.084;6.603)	0.797
Days away from work	-0.058	-0.059(-0.237;0.120)	0.516
Satisfaction with the residence	0.056	1.061(-2.433;4.555)	0.547
Marital status	0.156	4.390(0.800;9.580)	0.096
Psychological domain
Emotional exhaustion	-0.107	-0215(-0.599;0.168)	0.267	0.655
Depersonalization	-0.013	-0.060(-0.780;0.660)	0.869
Professional achievement	0.101	0.261(-0.218;0.739)	0.281
Minor psychic disorders	-0.646	-2.306(-2.908;-1.704)	<0.001
Use of psychoactive medication	0.027	0.798(-4.770;6.367)	0.776
Use of caffeine	0.126	7.450(-1.005;15.906)	0.083
Addition of psychoactive	-0.159	-5.817(-12.391;0.757)	0.082
Satisfaction with the residence	0.055	1.139(-1.906;4.184)	0.459
Marital status	0.106	3.136(-1.241;7.513)	0.158
Resides alone	-0.181	-7.515(-13.848;-1.181)	0.021
Social relations d.
Emotional exhaustion	-0.188	-0.481(-1.175;0.213)	0.172	0.203
Depersonalization	-0.054	-0.323(-1.591;0.945)	0.614
Professional achievement	-0.035	-0.111(-0.963;0.740)	0.796
Minor psychic disorders	-0.210	-0.962(-2.019;0.096)	0.074
Prior use of psychoactive	-0.096	-4.398(-13.550;4.753)	0.342
Satisfaction with the residence	0.067	1.757(-3.575;7.088)	0.514
Caffeine disrupts sleep	-0.041	-1.713(-10.483;7.057)	0.699
Environment d.
Emotional exhaustion	-0.286	-0.561(-1.058;-0.063)	0.028	0.311
Depersonalization	0.062	0.280(-0.647;1.207)	0.550
Professional achievement	0.038	0.095(-0.516;0.705)	0.758
Minor psychic disorders	-0.171	-0.594(-1.377;0.190)	0.136
Race/color	0.191	5.083(0.068;10.099)	0.047
Satisfaction with the residence	0.182	3.608(-0.240;7.456)	0.066
Marital status	0.163	4.675(-0.682;10.033)	0.086
Caffeine disrupts sleep	-0.026	-0.845(-7.145;5.456)	0.790
General domain of quality of life
Emotional exhaustion	-0.232	-0.642(-1.328;0.044)	0.066	0.354
Depersonalization	0.71	0.461(-0.879;1.801)	0.495
Professional achievement	0.205	0.717(-0.162;1.596)	0.108
Minor psychic disorders	-0.354	-1.742(-2.774;-0.710)	0.001
Race/color	-0.116	-0.171(-0.435;0.093)	0.201
Satisfaction with the residence	0.196	5.492(0.297;10.688)	0.039
Marital status	0.136	10.450(-3.333;24.232)	0.135
Caffeine disrupts sleep	-0.089	-4.109(-12.794;4.576)	0.349

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[1] Corresponding author: Daiane Dal Pai E-mail: daiane.dalpai@gmail.com