PRÁTICAS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE ADOTADAS POR EMPRESAS INDUSTRIAIS

Tres, Naline; Zanin, Antonio; Kruger, Silvana Dalmutt; Magro, Cristian Baú Dal

doi:10.5902/1983465963908

Naline Tres

Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó - UNOCHAPECÓ, SC, Brazil

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2419-7226

Antonio Zanin

Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Nova Andradina, MS - Brazil

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7837-7375

Silvana Dalmutt Kruger

Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó - UNOCHAPECÓ, SC, Brazil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3353-4100

Cristian Baú Dal Magro

Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó - UNOCHAPECÓ, SC, Brazil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7609-5806

1. Naline Tres Institution: Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó - UNOCHAPECÓ. Chapecó - SC, Brazil. Master in Accounting and Administration - UNOCHAPECÓ. Professor at the Community University of Chapecó Region - UNOCHAPECÓ E-mail: nalinetres@unochapeco.edu.br ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2419-7226

2. Antonio Zanin Institution: Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Nova Andradina - MS - Brazil. Doctor in Production Engineering - UFRGS, Professor at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS E-mail: Zanin.antonio@ufms.br ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7837-7375

3. Silvana Dalmutt Kruger Institution: Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó - UNOCHAPECÓ. Chapecó - SC, Brazil. Doctor in Accounting - UFSC. Professor at the Community University of Chapecó Region - UNOCHAPECÓ E-mail:silvanak@unochapeco.edu.br ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3353-4100

4. Cristian Baú Dal Magro Institution: Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó - UNOCHAPECÓ. Chapecó - SC, Brazil. Doctor of Accounting and Administration - FURB. Professor at the Community University of Chapecó Region - UNOCHAPECÓ E-mail: crisbau@unochapeco.edu.br ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7609-5806

Every author should account for at least one component of the work. Paper approved for publication need to specify the contribution of every single author.

Industries in Chapecó, SC	Quantity	Balance
Companies of the industrial sector (population)	288	288
Companies of the same economic group	3	285
Total of responses obtained	66	66
Sample of valid questionnaires	63	63

Economic Dimension
EcD1 Responsible suppliers	When contracting a supplier, the company not only requires a good commercial proposal (quality, price and delivery time), but it also investigates the existence of socioenvironmental practices.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
EcD2 Water reduction practice	The company adopts in its facilities actions to reduce consumption of water (installation of self-closing faucets and reduced-flush toilets, or the use of rain water for cleaning and maintenance activities).	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
EcD3 Power reduction practice	The company adopts in its premises actions to reduce energy consumption.	García-Granero et al. (2018García-Granero, E. M., Piedra-Muñoz, L., & Galdeano-Gómez, E. (2018). Eco-innovation measurement: A review of firm performance indicators. Journal of cleaner production, 191, 304-317.)
EcD4 Raw-material reduction practice	The company practices in its installations actions to reduce consumption of raw materials/inputs.	García-Granero et al. (2018García-Granero, E. M., Piedra-Muñoz, L., & Galdeano-Gómez, E. (2018). Eco-innovation measurement: A review of firm performance indicators. Journal of cleaner production, 191, 304-317.)
EcD5 Paper saving practice	The company seeks to implement paper-saving actions (such as the use of front and back of paper sheets)	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
EcD6 Quality improvement	The company has taken measures to improve the quality of goods and/or services offered.	García-Granero et al. (2018García-Granero, E. M., Piedra-Muñoz, L., & Galdeano-Gómez, E. (2018). Eco-innovation measurement: A review of firm performance indicators. Journal of cleaner production, 191, 304-317.)
EcD7 Expanding product variety	The company has taken measures to increase the scope of goods and/or services offered.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
EcD8 Increasing supply of products	The company has taken measures to expand the supply of products/services.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
EcD9 Increasing value-added	The company has adopted measures to enhance the added value of products and services supplied.	Dangelico and Pontrandolfo (2015Dangelico, R. M., & Pontrandolfo, P. (2015). Being ‘green and competitive’: The impact of environmental actions and collaborations on firm performance. Business Strategy and the Environment, 24(6), 413-430.)
Social Dimension
SoD1 Documental Parameters for stakeholders	The company has a formal document that describes the parameters that are desirable in its relationships with the stakeholders.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.), Eccles et al. (2014Eccles, R. G., Ioannou, I., & Serafeim, G. (2014). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Management Science, 60(11), 2835-2857.)
SoD2 Involves stakeholders in this document	The company seeks to involve the stakeholders (employees, customers, suppliers, community and board of directors) in the preparation and revision of this document.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.), Eccles et al. (2014Eccles, R. G., Ioannou, I., & Serafeim, G. (2014). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Management Science, 60(11), 2835-2857.)
SoD3 Pleasant and safe environment	The company does its best to offer to its employees a pleasant and safe workplace. Example: it offers counseling for good body posture at work.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
SoD4 Accessibility	The company provides facilities and resources to facilitate movement and coexistence with people with disabilities (such as ramps, safety notices in Braille, sign language, etc.).	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
SoD5 Values diversity	The company values diversity, not using discriminatory practices in relation to gender, race, sexual orientation, age, religion and political beliefs of candidates as well as with disabled people in the personnel selection process.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
SoD6 Development of the Community	The company considers important and implement actions for the development of the local community through the creation of jobs and income generation, as well as to reduce poverty and increase inclusion in the society.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
SoD7 Encouragement to volunteer work	The company encourages volunteer work of its employees in the community and recognizes the importance of employees’ volunteer work, publicizing it in bulletin boards, internal or local newspaper.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
SoD8 Practices encouraging communication	In company communications (publicity contracts and media), the company encourages and educates consumers to adopt conscious and responsible attitudes toward consumption (e.g., appropriate disposal of packages).	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
Environmental Dimension
EnD1 Assesses/reports activities	The company knows, understands and assesses the impacts of its operations on the environment (such as the emission of pollutants and high consumption of energy, water and fuel), maintaining indicators and reports to measure and monitor these impacts.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.), Eccles et al. (2014Eccles, R. G., Ioannou, I., & Serafeim, G. (2014). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Management Science, 60(11), 2835-2857.)
EnD2 Process reduces damages	The company uses in its processes materials that may reduce environmental damages. For example: it controls and reduces sound, visual and air pollution caused by their processes.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
EnD3 Partnership for return of recyclable materials	The company discusses partnerships with suppliers for the purpose of returning reusable materials (such as expired products, batteries, tires and lamps used, packages, etc.) to the manufacturer.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
EnD4 Preservation of environment	The company implements in its facilities and activities actions that aim to preserve the environment, e.g., selective garbage collection, using identified trash cans for discard of paper, glass, metal, plastic and organic material.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
EnD5 Proper disposal of wastes/residues	The company practices actions for proper final destination of wastes that require specific treatment, such as batteries, oils, tires and hospital wastes.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)
EnD6 Environmental education	The company promotes environmental education to employees, their families and community members as an effective manner of reducing environmental impacts.	Kneipp et al. (2018Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., de Oliveira Müller, L., & Motke, F. D. (2018). Gestão estratégica da inovação sustentável: um estudo de caso em empresas industriais brasileiras. Revista Organizações em Contexto, 14(27), 131-185.)

Position	Absolute frequency	Percentage	Accumulate
Partner/Owner	28	44.44	44.44
CEO/Director/Manager	7	11.12	55.56
Responsible for sector/unit	28	44.44	100
Total	63	100	-
Length of time in the company (years)	Absolute frequency	Percentage	Accumulate
Up to 5 years	19	30.16	30.16
6 to 10	22	34.92	65.08
11 to 15	6	9.53	74.61
16 to 20	5	7.93	82.54
Over 20 years	11	17.46	100.0
Total	63	100	-
Education level	Absolute frequency	Percentage	Accumulate
Master’s degree	3	4.76	4.76
Specialization	9	14.29	19.05
Higher Education (Complete)	20	31.74	50.79
Higher Education (Incomplete)	13	20.63	71.42
Secondary Education (Complete)	13	20.63	92.05
Secondary Education (Incomplete)	5	7.95	100.0
Total	63	100	-
Length of time in the company (years)	Absolute frequency	Percentage	Accumulate
Up to 5 years	12	19.04	19.04
6 to 10	11	17.46	36.50
11 to 15	8	12.70	49.20
16 to 20	5	7.93	57.14
Over 20 years	27	42.86	100.0
Total	63	100	-

Economic performance variables	N	Min.	Max.	Average	SD	Entropy	Weight
EcD1 - Responsible suppliers	63	1.00	5.00	3.317	1.317	0.97907	0.20598
EcD2 - Water Reduction	63	1.00	5.00	3.190	1.435	0.97345	0.26127
EcD3 - Power reduction	63	1.00	5.00	3.651	1.207	0.98491	0.14843
EcD4 - Raw Mat./Input reduction	63	1.00	5.00	3.905	0.995	0.99163	0.082377
EcD5 - Paper reduction	63	2.00	5.00	4.381	0.887	0.994631	0.052834
EcD6 - Measure of improved quality	63	1.00	5.00	4.349	0.864	0.994473	0.054394
EcD7 - Increase of products line	63	2.00	5.00	4.190	0.820	0.995052	0.048692
EcD8 - Increase of products supply	63	1.00	5.00	4.159	0.901	0.993655	0.062438
EcD9 - Increase of value-added	63	1.00	5.00	3.937	0.997	0.991509	0.083560
						8.89839	1

Social performance variables	N	Min.	Max.	Average	SD	Entropy	Weight
SoD1 - Doc.parameters stakeholders	63	1.00	5.00	2.841	1.472	0.96651	0.18791
SoD2 - Involves stakeholders in doc.	63	1.00	5.00	2.746	1.379	0.96862	0.17608
SoD3 - Pleasant/safe workplace	63	1.00	5.00	3.889	1.094	0.98911	0.0610
SoD4 - Accessible facilities	63	1.00	5.00	3.190	1.446	0.97294	0.15186
SoD5 - Values diversity	63	3.00	5.00	4.508	0.715	0.9967	0.01799
SoD6 - Community development	63	1.00	5.00	3.889	1.165	0.9877	0.06849
SoD7 - Encourages volunteer work	63	1.00	5.00	2.921	1.495	0.9663	0.18868
SoD8 - Communication on practices	63	1.00	5.00	3.365	1.473	0.9736	0.14786
						7.8218	1

Environmental performance variables	N	Min.	Max.	Average	SD	Entropy	Weight
EnD1 - Assesses environ. impacts	63	1.00	5.00	3.651	1.1382	0.98717	0.16025
EnD2 - Process reduces damages	63	1.00	5.00	3.810	1.0295	0.99046	0.11918
EnD3 - Return of recyclables	63	1.00	5.00	3.603	1.4090	0.97858	0.26758
EnD4 - Environment preservation	63	2.00	5.00	4.270	0.9017	0.99419	0.07253
EnD5 - Proper waste disposal	63	1.00	5.00	4.286	1.0384	0.99164	0.10435
EnD6 - Environ. educ. stakeholders	63	1.00	5.00	3.286	1.3492	0.97790	0.27608
						5.91998	1

	N	Min.	Max.	Average	SD	Entropy	Weight
EcD average	63	2.33	5.00	3.897	0.611	0.9970	0.18170
SoD average	63	1.50	5.00	3.418	0.859	0.9921	0.47755
EnD average	63	1.66	5.00	3.817	0.812	0.9943	0.34073
						2.9835	1

Ranking	Company	SDP	Company	EcD	Company	SoD	Company	EnD
1^st	31	0.97406	8	1.00000	18	1.00000	18	1.00000
2^nd	26	0.97188	30	1.00000	26	1.00000	26	1.00000
3^rd	18	0.93173	31	1.00000	31	0.90780	30	1.00000
4^th	53	0.90636	40	1.00000	53	0.88138	31	1.00000
5^th	8	0.90262	53	0.90264	2	0.84971	40	1.00000
6^th	2	0.87882	26	0.88472	45	0.81858	45	1.00000
7^th	28	0.85650	22	0.87126	9	0.80434	54	1.00000
8^th	40	0.85047	2	0.85961	8	0.80023	53	0.92244
9^th	45	0.81340	46	0.83176	46	0.76946	28	0.91729
10^th	30	0.80427	28	0.81204	28	0.74680	36	0.90449
11^th	51	0.77498	5	0.77680	51	0.73685	24	0.87759
12^th	36	0.75617	56	0.76988	12	0.72665	52	0.87513
13^th	46	0.75396	9	0.76211	39	0.69417	2	0.85951
14^th	14	0.75079	18	0.75429	14	0.68667	15	0.83050
15^th	12	0.74894	25	0.74452	55	0.67015	8	0.82146
16^th	11	0.74619	37	0.74452	40	0.65569	12	0.81027
17^th	15	0.73667	47	0.74425	50	0.65175	14	0.77469
18^th	9	0.73315	10	0.72842	30	0.64934	11	0.77331
19^th	50	0.72831	14	0.72725	15	0.64460	23	0.76698
20^th	52	0.69159	44	0.71951	36	0.59671	33	0.76352
21^st	39	0.68889	12	0.71058	62	0.58851	9	0.74612
22^nd	29	0.67877	17	0.67007	11	0.58196	61	0.74612
23^rd	44	0.64539	55	0.66260	13	0.58148	63	0.72745
24^th	32	0.62871	15	0.65074	32	0.56825	29	0.71594
25^th	55	0.62435	58	0.64426	1	0.56284	34	0.70749
26^th	48	0.62390	39	0.64361	16	0.55351	25	0.69701
27^th	33	0.61491	16	0.63982	33	0.55350	46	0.69701
28^th	63	0.60535	32	0.63913	48	0.55334	16	0.68432
29^th	16	0.60439	33	0.63443	25	0.55210	51	0.67005
30^th	25	0.60439	13	0.62310	61	0.55111	50	0.66291
31^st	62	0.59424	51	0.61898	4	0.54271	27	0.66269
32^nd	38	0.57489	1	0.61128	52	0.53768	44	0.65497
33^rd	61	0.57047	34	0.60584	29	0.53696	22	0.63437
34^th	10	0.56538	59	0.60545	10	0.53480	37	0.62576
35^th	27	0.56522	38	0.59374	38	0.53360	56	0.62437
36^th	34	0.56189	23	0.59024	44	0.52962	48	0.60420
37^th	4	0.55825	11	0.58822	27	0.51529	32	0.59262
38^th	22	0.54948	4	0.58560	56	0.48640	39	0.58237
39^th	13	0.54919	52	0.58452	63	0.47211	42	0.56633
40^th	56	0.53662	24	0.56750	58	0.45275	55	0.54667
41^st	23	0.53387	36	0.55111	6	0.44650	1	0.54547
42^nd	24	0.53282	42	0.54853	23	0.44494	10	0.52975
43^rd	37	0.51084	29	0.54313	17	0.44275	35	0.52782
44^th	54	0.48826	7	0.54203	37	0.43899	41	0.51934
45^th	5	0.45834	48	0.53700	41	0.43724	38	0.51664
46^th	1	0.45155	63	0.51472	59	0.42464	60	0.50099
47^th	58	0.44894	50	0.51192	34	0.41377	13	0.49301
48^th	42	0.43602	54	0.51012	24	0.40040	19	0.49301
49^th	47	0.42839	62	0.50551	57	0.39871	47	0.47484
50^th	41	0.41617	35	0.49635	47	0.38737	7	0.44838
51^st	17	0.40843	41	0.49113	5	0.37911	43	0.44595
52^nd	6	0.39941	60	0.47734	22	0.37881	17	0.44140
53^rd	59	0.36478	27	0.46528	7	0.30275	62	0.43328
54^th	7	0.36434	61	0.46136	3	0.29026	58	0.40590
55^th	57	0.33941	43	0.43430	21	0.27976	59	0.39724
56^th	35	0.32741	45	0.42627	42	0.27491	21	0.38978
57^th	60	0.29007	19	0.41421	20	0.26112	5	0.38665
58^th	19	0.27720	20	0.40701	43	0.24442	4	0.38626
59^th	43	0.25538	49	0.40377	54	0.21876	49	0.38187
60^th	20	0.24479	57	0.39591	49	0.19452	6	0.32428
61^st	21	0.21401	21	0.37898	19	0.18346	57	0.30792
62^nd	49	0.18601	6	0.37786	35	0.12779	20	0.26446
63^rd	3	0.15084	3	0.30147	60	0.06340	3	0.12872

[1] 1. Naline Tres Institution: Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó - UNOCHAPECÓ. Chapecó - SC, Brazil. Master in Accounting and Administration - UNOCHAPECÓ. Professor at the Community University of Chapecó Region - UNOCHAPECÓ E-mail: nalinetres@unochapeco.edu.br ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2419-7226

Brasil

Brasil

PRÁTICAS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE ADOTADAS POR EMPRESAS INDUSTRIAIS

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