INTENDED AND UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF INNOVATION ADOPTION: OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA ADOPTION BY THE FEDERAL DISTRICT OF BRAZIL

Oliveira, Leonardo Ferreira de; Santos, Carlos Denner dos

doi:10.1590/1413-2311.214.80559

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REAd. Revista Eletrônica de Administração (Porto Alegre)

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Articles • REAd. Rev. eletrôn. adm. (Porto Alegre) 25 (01) • Jan-Apr 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-2311.214.80559 copy

INTENDED AND UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF INNOVATION ADOPTION: OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA ADOPTION BY THE FEDERAL DISTRICT OF BRAZIL¹ 1 Recebido em 25/02/2018, aprovado em 10/01/2019.

CONSEQUÊNCIAS PRETENDIDAS E NÃO PRETENDIDAS DA ADOÇÃO DE INOVAÇÕES: A ADOÇÃO DE DADOS ABERTOS PELO GOVERNO DO DISTRITO FEDERAL DO BRASIL

CONSECUENCIAS PREVISTAS Y NO PREVISTAS DE LA ADOPCIÓN DE INNOVACIÓN: ADOPCIÓN DE DATOS ABIERTOS POR PARTE DEL GOBIERNO DE DISTRITO FEDERAL DE BRASIL

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to discuss intended and unintended consequences regarding innovation adoption. Starting with the assumptions presented on the seminal work of Everett M. Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations, a framework to the analysis of the consequences of innovation adoption has been developed and then applied to the case of the open government data adoption by the Federal District Government of Brazil. The model is useful because it shows that different stakeholders of an innovation can perceive inversely the effects of the very same consequence, which brings new perspectives in the management of the innovation process inside a pro-innovation bias society. With the model, it is possible to analyze that some groups put pressure against innovation adoption, not because of resistance to change but because they are perceiving negative consequences related to the innovation adoption. The study presents two major contributions. First theoretical, presenting a model for analysis of the consequences of innovation adoption based on literature review and interview of specialists. Second empirical, providing a way to map the innovation adoption process regarding the view of the different stakeholders’ roles and can be used by the private and public sector.

Keywords:
Consequences of Innovation Adoption; Intended; Unintended; Open Government Data; Open Data

Questions	Objectives
1. Could you talk about your experience with the innovation theme?	To verify the experience of the respondent, who together with the questioning about the academic formation were the two variables of control - so that the answers were considered in the research.
2. According to Rogers (1995) and Sveiby (2012SVEIBY, K. E.; GRIPENBERG, P.; SEGERCRANTZ, B. Challenging the innovation paradigm. [s.l.] Routledge, 2012. ), few studies are aimed at understanding the consequences of innovations, being generally the focus of innovation studies the moment before the adoption of a certain innovation. Considering the moment after the adoption of an innovation, what do you think of the model presented?	Present the model developed as well as the main authors used and collect the impression of the interviewees on the model.
3. Could you think of an innovation and apply it to the model?	Exercise the use of the model through simulation.
4. On the typology of consequences presented by Rogers (2003ROGERS, E. M. Diffusion of Innovations. 5th edn. ed. [s.l.] NewYork: Free Press., 2003. ), in your opinion, is there something significant missing?	Validate the use of the typology of consequences presented by Rogers (2003ROGERS, E. M. Diffusion of Innovations. 5th edn. ed. [s.l.] NewYork: Free Press., 2003. ) and collect suggestions for improvement.
5. Do you believe that the four stakeholder roles presented by Vos and Achterkamp (2006VOS, J. F. J.; ACHTERKAMP, M. C. Stakeholder identification in innovation projects: Going beyond classification. European Journal of Innovation Management, v. 9, n. 2, p. 161-178, 2006. ) encompass all possible stakeholders of innovations?	Validate the stakeholder roles presented by Vos and Achterkamp (2006VOS, J. F. J.; ACHTERKAMP, M. C. Stakeholder identification in innovation projects: Going beyond classification. European Journal of Innovation Management, v. 9, n. 2, p. 161-178, 2006. ) and collect suggestions for improvement.
6. Suggestions? Final considerations?	Collect other observations from the interviewees about the model that might have been left out of the other questions.

Questions	Objectives
1. Could you tell us about your Open Data experience? 2. How would you define your work with Open Data?	To verify the experience of the respondent with Open Data, as well as to detect the role played by the actor in relation to the Open Data innovation.
3. By imagining an earlier and later moment, what were the consequences for you in working with Open Data? 4. Could you think in Desirable consequences of the Open Data Case? 5. Could you think in Undesirable consequences of the Open Data Case? 6. Could you think in Direct consequences of the Open Data Case? 7. Could you think in Indirect consequences of the Open Data Case? 8. Could you think in Anticipated consequences of the Open Data Case? 9. Could you think in Unanticipated consequences of the Open Data Case?	To describe the consequences of the adoption of the innovation of open government data by GDF perceived by the research respondent.
10. Final considerations?	Obtain other observations from the interviewees about the adoption of Open Data that might have been left out of the other questions.

Categories	I1	I2	I3	I4	I5	I6	I7	I8	I9
Stakeholders	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	0	0
Consequences of Innovation Adoption	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0

N.	Type of Consequence	(n)	(%)
1	Direct - Predictable - Desirable	11	11,6%
2	Direct - Predictable - Undesirable	14	14,7%
3	Direct - Unpredictable - Desirable	0	0,0%
4	Direct - Unpredictable - Undesirable	10	10,5%
5	Indirect - Predictable - Desirable	39	41,1%
6	Indirect - Predictable - Undesirable	7	7,4%
7	Indirect - Unpredictable - Desirable	4	4,2%
8	Indirect - Unpredictable - Undesirable	10	10,5%
	TOTAL	95	100%

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INTENDED AND UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF INNOVATION ADOPTION: OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA ADOPTION BY THE FEDERAL DISTRICT OF BRAZIL1 1 Recebido em 25/02/2018, aprovado em 10/01/2019.

CONSEQUÊNCIAS PRETENDIDAS E NÃO PRETENDIDAS DA ADOÇÃO DE INOVAÇÕES: A ADOÇÃO DE DADOS ABERTOS PELO GOVERNO DO DISTRITO FEDERAL DO BRASIL

CONSECUENCIAS PREVISTAS Y NO PREVISTAS DE LA ADOPCIÓN DE INNOVACIÓN: ADOPCIÓN DE DATOS ABIERTOS POR PARTE DEL GOBIERNO DE DISTRITO FEDERAL DE BRASIL

ABSTRACT

INTENDED AND UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF INNOVATION ADOPTION: OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA ADOPTION BY THE FEDERAL DISTRICT OF BRAZIL¹ 1 Recebido em 25/02/2018, aprovado em 10/01/2019.