Agro-economic optimization of radish cultivation fertilized with doses of roostertree in a semi-arid environment

Otimização agroeconômica do cultivo do rabanete adubado com doses de flor-de-seda em ambiente semiárido

ABSTRACT

The use of spontaneous species from the Caatinga biome as green manure is a promising practice in increasing the productivity of agricultural systems and sustainable exploitation of the environment. This study aimed to estimate the maximum physical and economic efficiencies of radish agroeconomic characteristics in monocropping as a function of roostertree (Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br) biomass amounts in two cropping seasons in a semi-arid environment. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of different roostertree biomass amounts: 16, 29, 42, 55, and 68 t ha^-1 on a dry basis, incorporated into the soil. In each block, two additional treatments were added, one without fertilization (control) and the other with mineral fertilizer, for comparison purposes with the maximum efficiency treatment. The radish cultivar planted was ‘Crimson Gigante’. The fertilization of the radish to obtain the maximum optimized productive efficiency (9.56 t ha^-1) was possible with the incorporation of 50.86 t ha^-1 of C. procera dry biomass into the soil. The maximum optimized agroeconomic efficiency (based on a net income of 37,641.08 R$ ha^-1) of radish cultivation was obtained with 44.39 t ha^-1 of C. procera dry biomass added to the soil. The rate of return and the profit margin obtained were 2.94 R$ for each real invested, with a profit margin of 62.55%. The use of biomass from the C. procera green manure is a viable technology for producers who practice radish monoculture in a semi-arid environment.

Keywords
Calotropis procera (Ait.) R; Br; Economic indicators; Green manuring; Productivity; Raphanus sativus L.