PRODUCTION AND WATER CONSUMPTION OF EGGPLANT UNDER SALT STRESS AND CONTINUOUS DRIP AND PULSE DRIP IRRIGATION

DAMASCENO, LUCAS FARIAS; COVA, ALIDE MITSUE WATANABE; GHEYI, HANS RAJ; ALMEIDA, WILLIAN FERNANDES DE; DIAS, JOSÉ ANDREY AMORIM LEITE; RIBEIRO, VITOR DE SOUZA

doi:10.1590/1983-21252022v35n220rc

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Research Paper • Rev. Caatinga 35 (02) • Apr-Jun 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n220rc copy

PRODUCTION AND WATER CONSUMPTION OF EGGPLANT UNDER SALT STRESS AND CONTINUOUS DRIP AND PULSE DRIP IRRIGATION

PRODUÇÃO E CONSUMO HÍDRICO DA BERINJELA SOB ESTRESSE SALINO IRRIGADA POR GOTEJAMENTO CONTÍNUO E PULSOS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Eggplant is a vegetable considered as moderately sensitive to salinity, and its production is affected by water deficit in the soil, mainly in the reproductive phase of the crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of irrigation with brackish water using continuous drip and pulse in production, water consumption, water use efficiency, and soil salinization. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, with five replicates, totaling 80 plots. The treatments consisted of four forms of water application, continuous drip, and pulse throughout the cycle; continuous drip in the vegetative phase and pulse in the reproductive phase, and pulse in the vegetative phase and drip in the reproductive phase and four levels of irrigation water salinity - ECw (0.3; 1.5; 3.0; 4.5 dS m⁻¹). The inversion of irrigation treatments occurred 65 days after transplanting. Increase in water salinity from 0.3 to 4.5 dS m⁻¹, the total production (-11.96%), fruit length (-5.05%), and water use efficiency (-7.01%) reduced while there was no significant effect for the forms of water application and interaction between the studied factors. Pulse irrigation provided greater water savings and resulted in higher electrical conductivity in the soil saturation extract. The efficiency of water use did not show statistical difference when continuous drip or pulse irrigation was used throughout the cycle.

Keywords
Water use efficiency; Phenological phases; Salinity; Solanum melongena L

Chemical characteristics
ECse	pH	P	K	Ca	Mg	Al	H+Al	Na	SB	CEC	V
dS m⁻¹		mg dm⁻³			cmol_c dm⁻³						%
1.28	5.1	13	48	1.0	0.5	0.2	3.0	0.04	1.66	4.66	35.6
Physical characteristics
FC	PWP		Sand	Silt		Clay	Texture		OM		SD
cm³ cm⁻³			g kg⁻¹						g kg⁻¹		kg dm⁻³
0.451	0.185		682.5	202.2		115.3	Sandy loam		1.18		1.5

SV	DF	Mean squares
SV	DF	NFR	FRL	FRD	TOTP	WC	WUE
Irrigation (I)	3	12.08^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	2.14^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	1.71^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	84,590.98^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	1,154.07^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;	18.62^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;
ECw	3	2.18^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	21.66^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;	1.29^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	626,860.77^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;	9,728.04^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;	22.40^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;
I^* * and ** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively; ECw	9	6.39^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	2.87^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	1.26^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	49,997.37^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	247.49^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;	1.73^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.
Block	4	5.42^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	1.30^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	1.62^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	66,696.97^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	0.26^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	2.26^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.
Error	60	4.53	1.54	0.64	58,838.20	0.25	1.27
CV (%)		48.07	12.80	12.14	42.61	0.55	17.50
Mean		4.42	9.71	6.6	569.22	91.11	6.45

SV	DF	Mean sq
SV	DF	ECse	pHse
Irrigation (I)	3	13.07^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;	0.19^* * and ** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;
ECw	3	593.13^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;	0.17^* * and ** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;
I^* * and ** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively; ECw	9	11.18^ * and **** significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level of probability, respectively;	0.03^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.
Block	4	2.01^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.	0.04^ns ns not significant by the F test, CV = Coefficient of variation.
Error	60	1.37	0.05
CV (%)		15.36	3.45
Mean		7.63	6.84

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