PRODUCTION INDICATORS OF GREEN CORN CULTIVARS AT DIFFERENT POPULATION DENSITIES

DE ARRUDA, FRANCINEUMA PONCIANO; MATOS, MICHAELLY HEIDY MORAES; DA CRUZ, ANTONIO LEONÍCIO FERREIRA; FARIAS, ESLANE REIS

doi:10.1590/1983-21252022v35n209rc

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Research Paper • Rev. Caatinga 35 (02) • Apr-Jun 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n209rc copy

PRODUCTION INDICATORS OF GREEN CORN CULTIVARS AT DIFFERENT POPULATION DENSITIES

INDICADORES PRODUTIVOS DE CULTIVARES DE MILHO VERDE EM DIFERENTES DENSIDADES POPULACIONAIS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Specific cultivars for production of green corn, more productive and adapted to the conditions of each region, combined with adequate population density, can increase the yield of the crop. This work aimed to identify, under different plant densities, the cultivars with agronomic characteristics for the production of green corn. The experiment was conducted from March to June 2018, in the experimental area of the Technical College of Teresina, at the Federal University of Piauí. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design, in a factorial scheme, with three plant densities (40,000, 50,000 and 60,000 plants ha⁻¹) and two corn cultivars (AG 1051 and BRS 3046). The variables evaluated were the diameter and length of the commercial green ear, the yield, the percentage of commercial green ear and the length of the period between the emergence (VE) and the flowering stage (VT) of the cultivars in relation to the accumulated number of degree-days (ADD). In terms of cycle (period between VE and VT), the hybrid AG 1051 was later, with 47 days after emergence (DAE) and 823.23 ADD, than the BRS 3046 (44 DAE and 773.32 ADD); however, there was an acceleration of the period of vegetative development in the hybrids, which ranged from 43 (773.32 ADD) to 47 (828.23 ADD) days, respectively, so that there was male flowering. With the increase in densities, there was decrease in the values of production. The highest yield of commercial ears (15.45 Mg ha-1) was obtained at a density of 50,000 plants ha⁻¹.

Keywords
Zea mays L; Phenology; Degrees-days

Sources of variation	VT		R1
Sources of variation	DAE	ADD	DAE	ADD
Cultivars (C)	60.17^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	20,239.14^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	60.17^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	20,224.62^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
Densities (D)	7.17^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	2,419.23^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	2.54^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	854.05^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
C x D	1.17^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	389.50^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.54^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	183.44^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
Blocks	28.00^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	9,394.43^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	37.67^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	12,592.55^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
CV (%)¹ 1 Coefficient of variation.	2.20	2.20	1.10	1.10

Cultivars	VT		R1
Cultivars	DAE	ADD	DAE	ADD
AG 1051	46.92 a^* * Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% probability level.	828.23 a	49.42 a	870.48 a
BRS 3046	43.75 b	773.32 b	46.25 b	822.18 b

Plant densities (plants ha⁻¹)	VT		R1
Plant densities (plants ha⁻¹)	DAE	ADD	DAE	ADD
40,000	44.25 b^* * Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% probability level.	785.80 b	47.25 b	831.32 b
50,000	45.75 a	803.70 a	47.85 ab	849.30 ab
60,000	46.00 a	812.95 a	48.37 a	858.37 a

Sources of variation	LENGTH	DIAM	YLD	%CGE
Sources of variation	cm		Mg ha⁻¹	%
Cultivars (C)	3.95^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.28^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	9,275,266.67^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	5.34^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
Densities (D)	11.04^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.21^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	40,051,266.67^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	1,215.44^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
C x D	1.27^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.01^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	2,403,216.67^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	2.84^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
Blocks	3.31^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.02^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	1,695,588.89^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	4.69^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
CV (%)¹ 1 Coefficient of variation.	3.28	1.63	11.38	4.36

Plant densities (plants ha⁻¹)	Production characteristics
Plant densities (plants ha⁻¹)	LENGTH (cm)	DIAM (cm)	YLD (Mg ha⁻¹)	%CGE
40,000	31.69 a^* * Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% probability level.	6.09 a	12.61 b	94.25 a
50,000	30.72 a	6.04 a	15.45 a	91.08 a
60,000	29.35 b	5.79 b	11.04 b	71.49 b

Cultivars	DIAM (cm)
AG 1051	5.86 b^* * Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% probability level.
BRS 3046	6.08 a

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