Meat quality in European quail supplemented with sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids<sup/>

Cavalcante, Cecylyana Leite; Jordão Filho, José; Fonseca, Sthelio Braga da; Silva, José Humberto Vilar da; Meireles, Bruno Raniere Lins de Albuquerque; Sousa, Diógenes Gomes de; Silva, Janiele Ferreira da; Duarte, Laryssa Querino da Silva

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20220015

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Scientific Article • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 53 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20220015 copy

Meat quality in European quail supplemented with sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids¹ 1 Parte da dissertação da primeira autora, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia Agroalimentar - PPGTA do Centro de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e Agrárias (CCHSA) da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)

Qualidade de carne de codornas europeias suplementada com fontes de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim o f this study was to carry out a comparative evaluation of the effect of adding different sources of PUFAS to the diet on performance, carcass yield, chemical composition, and the physical characteristics of breast meat from European quail. A tot al of 280 European quail with a mean weight of 90.97 ± 0.5 g, during the growth period and ranging from 14 to 42 days of age, were distributed in a completely randomised design with seven treatments, and five replications of eight birds each. The quail were fed on diets containing 2% of the following lipid sources and mixtures: 1. Soybean oil (SBO); 2. Linseed oil (LSO); 3. Brazil Nut Oil (BNO); 4. Fish oil (FSO); 5. LSO+SBO; 6. BNO+SBO; and 7. FSO+SBO. Performance measures, such as carcass yield and meat quality (chemical composition, pH, centrifugation loss, weight loss by cooking, shear strength and colour) were evaluated. The performance measures (weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion) were influenced by the source of lipids. The FSO diet showed better performance. Quails fed on the BNO (18.27 g/bird/day) and LSO (17.58 g/bird/day) diets had a higher feed intake. Carcass yield and the chemical composition of the meat showed no significant differences (P > 0.05), while the chemical and physical characteristics showed differences between the lipid sources added to the diet. The addition of sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids caused no harmful effects to the birds or undesirable changes in meat quality.

Key words:
Cortunix cortunix cortunix ; Oils; PUFAS

Ingredients (%)	Soybean oil (SBO)	Linseed oil (LSO)	Brazil nut oil (BNO)		Fish oil (FSO)		LSO+SBO	BNO+SBO	FSO+SBO
Corn	56.471	56.465	56.530		56.326		56.468	56.501	56.399
Soybean meal	38.301	38.302	38.290		38.327		38.301	38.295	38.314
Soybean oil	2.000	-	-		-		1.000	1.000	1.000
Linseed oil	-	2.000	-		-		1.000	-	-
Brazil nut oil	-	-	2.000		-		-	1.000	-
Fish oil	-	-	-		2.000		-	-	1.000
Limestone	1.062	1.062	1.062		1.062		1.062	1.062	1.062
Dicalcium Phosphate	0.929	0.929	0.929		0.929		0.929	0.929	0.929
Common salt	0.351	0.351	0.351		0.351		0.351	0.351	0.351
Inert	0.350	0.356	0.302		0.469		0.353	0.326	0.409
DL-Methionine	0.299	0.299	0.299		0.299		0.299	0.299	0.299
Vitamin premix	0.100	0.100	0.100		0.100		0.100	0.100	0.100
L-Lysine	0.061	0.061	0.062		0.061		0.061	0.061	0.061
Mineral premix	0.050	0.050	0.050		0.050		0.050	0.050	0.050
Antioxidant	0.015	0.015	0.015		0.015		0.015	0.015	0.015
Zinc Bac	0.010	0.010	0.010		0.010		0.010	0.010	0.010
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00		100.00		100.00	100.00	100.00
		Chemical composition of the experimental diets
Crude protein (%)	22.000	22.000		22.000		22.000	22.000	22.000	22.000
Metabolizable energy (kcal/kg)	2.950	2.950		2.950		2.950	2.950	2.950	2.950
Calcium (%)	0.750	0.750		0.750		0.750	0.750	0.750	0.750
Potassium (%)	0.865	0.865		0.865		0.865	0.865	0.865	0.865
Chlorine (%)	0.254	0.254		0.254		0.254	0.254	0.254	0.254
Phosphorus (%)	0.290	0.290		0.290		0.290	0.290	0.290	0.290
Sodium (%)	0.160	0.160		0.160		0.160	0.160	0.160	0.160
Arginine (%)	1.406	1.406		1.406		1.406	1.406	1.406	1.406
Lysine (%)	1.140	1.140		1.140		1.140	1.140	1.140	1.140
Met+Cis (%)	0.890	0.890		0.890		0.890	0.890	0.890	0.890
Methionine (%)	0.589	0.589		0.589		0.589	0.589	0.589	0.589
Threonine (%)	0.754	0.754		0.754		0.754	0.754	0.754	0.754
Tryptophan (%)	0.250	0.250		0.250		0.250	0.250	0.250	0.250
Valine (%)	0.941	0.941		0.941		0.941	0.941	0.941	0.941

Source of Lipids	Feed Intake (g/bird/day)	Weight gain (g/bird/day)	Feed Conversion (g/g)
SBO	15.65 ± 0.77 c	6.19 ± 0.55 a	2.54 ± 0.17 ab
LSO	17.58 ± 0.88 ab	6.02 ± 0.26 ab	2.92 ± 0.17 a
BNO	18.27 ± 0.60 a	6.33 ± 0.41 a	2.90 ± 0.20 ab
FSO	14.95 ± 1.14 c	6.03 ± 0.25 ab	2.49 ± 0.27 b
LSO+SBO	15.53 ± 1.33 c	5.63 ± 0.41 ab	2.77 ± 0.25 ab
BNO+SBO	15. 71 ± 0.76 c	6.05 ± 0.46 ab	2.61 ± 0.30 ab
FSO+SBO	15.83 ± 0.64 bc	5.41 ± 0.25 b	2.93 ± 0.04 a
SEM	0.91	0.39	0.22
P-value	0.0001	0.0111	0.0067

Source of Lipids	Live weight after fasting (g)	Yield (%)
Source of Lipids	Live weight after fasting (g)	Carcass	Breast	Thigh	Wing
SBO	234. 61 ± 10.48	88.96 ± 1.16	31. 76 ± 1.37	18.14 ± 0.81	6.83 ± 0.68
LSO	227. 38 ± 16.26	90.42 ± 2.18	28.92 ± 3.37	16.56 ± 1.82	5.60 ± 0.70
BNO	243. 73 ± 20.08	90.70 ±0.86	30.69 ±3.54	17.14 ± 1.60	6.08 ± 0.89
FSO	242. 08 ± 14.49	88.66 ± 1.42	31.94 ± 1.53	16. 09 ± 1.33	6.11 ± 0.48
LSO+SBO	247.33 ± 8.83	86.49 ± 4.32	32.99 ± 1.28	17.59 ± 0.46	6.48 ± 0.71
BNO+SBO	234. 61 ± 9.45	89.21 ± 1.07	31.61 ± 2.97	16.89 ± 1.92	5.83 ± 0.67
FSO+SBO	236.33 ± 9.72	89.59 ± 1.44	32.11 ± 1.65	16.84 ± 0.46	6.26 ± 0.10
SEM	13.36	2.09	2.47	1.33	0.65
P-value	0.2210	0.0783	0.2356	0.3025	0.1037

Source of Lipids	Moisture	Protein	Lipids	Mineral Matter
SBO	71.74 ± 1.27	20.48 ± 1.01	4.44 ± 0.41	1.65 ± 0.15
LSO	73.96 ± 0.52	20.00 ± 1.09	3.22 ± 0.22	1.49 ± 0.10
BNO	71.61 ±1.33	21.43 ± 0.87	4.52 ± 0.87	1.37 ± 0.27
FSO	72.19 ± 1.36	20.38 ± 0.34	4.25 ± 1.37	1.58 ± 0.23
LSO+SBO	73.10± 0.48	20.94 ± 0.55	4.12 ± 0.50	1.41 ± 0.34
BNO+SBO	72.52 ± 1.02	21.32 ± 0.68	4.04 ± 0.56	1.61 ± 0.18
FSO+SBO	72.26 ± 0.28	21.20 ± 0.70	4.19 ± 0.90	1.53 ± 0.1
SEM	0.99	0.79	0.78	0.19
P-value	0.06	0.13	0.52	0.49

Source of Lipids	pH	CL (%)	LBC (%)	SF (kgf)	Colour
Source of Lipids	pH	CL (%)	LBC (%)	SF (kgf)	L*	a*	b*
SBO	5.83 ± 0.1 bc	14.15 ± 2.15 b	14.69 ± 3.15 a	1.38 ± 0.03 a	54.05 ± 3.63 abc	5.70 ± 1.51 b	11.74 ± 1.51 ab
LSO	5.95 ± 0.1 ab	18.14 ± 2.0 a	14.24 ± 0.66 ab	1.07 ± 0.03 bc	58.07 ± 5.30 a	6.97 ± 1.66 ab	14.63 ± 2.12 a
BNO	5.88 ± 0.1 abc	15.93 ± 1.27 ab	9.64 ± 1.01 b	0.85 ± 0.03 c	50.58 ± 3.40 bc	6.24 ± 1.44 ab	12.61 ± 2.63 ab
FSO	5.78 ± 0.1 c	15.35 ± 1.52 ab	11.01 ± 1.39 ab	1.10 ± 0.02 b	57.02 ± 5.04 a	5.72 ± 0.78 b	14.45 ± 2.30 a
LSO+SBO	5.95 ± 0.9 ab	12.98 ± 1.30 b	11.02 ± 1.25 ab	1.28 ± 0.14 ab	56.47 ± 4.59 ab	5.67 ± 1.12 b	14.30 ± 2.60 ab
BNO+SBO	5.97 ± 0.1 a	12.36 ± 1.54 b	12.76 ± 1.15 ab	1.14 ± 0.1 ab	52.11 ± 4.85 abc	7.36 ± 1.41 ab	11.43 ± 2.50 b
FSO+SBO	5.85 ± 0.1 abc	13.98 ± 1.79 b	14.52 ± 2.31 ab	1.16 ± 0.04 ab	49.45 ± 6.55 c	8.22 ± 3.71 a	13.20 ± 2.53 ab
SEM	0.07	1.70	1.76	0.07	4.87	1.91	2.35
P-value	0.002	0.0012	0.0156	0.0006	0.0001	0.0092	0.0044

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