The cladoceran Kurzia polyspina Hudec, 2000 (Anomopoda, Chydoridae) was found associated with Eichhornia Kunth, 1843 (Pontederiaceae) roots in Paranoá Lake, Brasília. It represents the first record of this species in Brazil and in the Southern Hemisphere. Comments on Kurzia Dybowski & Grochowski, 1894 South American records are included.
Anomopoda; Chydoridae; Kurzia polyspina; first record