The puparium of Raphiocera armata (Wiedemann, 1830), based on two larvae reared in the laboratory, collected at Ilha da Marambaia, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil is described. This record constitutes the first description of the larvae of a species of the subfamily Raphiocerinae, and associates this group of soldier flies with the aquatic environment, corroborating Woodley's hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships of Raphiocerinae with Stratiomyinae and Nemotelinae, based on the aquatic mode of life of the larvae.
Aquatic enviromment; Insecta; larvae; Raphiocerinae; taxonomy
