The maintenance net energy requirement of steers grazing elephangrass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) cv. Napier, as unique food, was determined. The trial lasted 175 days. Nine 0.5 ha paddocks were implanted in flat-land, in rotational grazing, were used. Thirty-six ¾ Gyr-Holstein steers averaging initial age of 20 months and 332 ± 37 kg body weight (BW) were used. Half of animals had grazing time restricted to four hours daily, to limit energy intake at a level close to maintenance, and half had free access to pasture. Six steers were slaughtered at the beginning of trial to determine initial body composition (reference group), and six were slaughtered each 35 days. Body composition was determined by chemical analysis of representative samples of all animal body. The net energy maintenance requirements were estimated as heat production at zero level of metabolizable energy intake, regressing log heat production on metabolizable energy intake, per day and per unit metabolic size. Two equations were fitted: for the first, metabolic size was calculated as a function of body weight (BW0.75) and for the second as function of empty body weight (EBW0.75). Forage intake and digestibility of forage consumed (extrusa) were determined monthly. The grazing time restricted to four hours a day allowed intake of energy at level close to maintenance as indicated the individual weight gains, showing that the procedure used in this research might be used in future trials. The net energy maintenance requirement observed was 57 kcal/kg LW0.75 or 63,27 kcal/kg EBW0.75. The values obtained fall into the range of values observed in Brazil and were lower than those recommended abroad for European type cattle.
description of methodology; energy; grazing conditions; maintenance requeriments; steers
