Smailes et al.(99 Smailes ST, McVicar AJ, Martin R. Cough strength, secretions and extubation outcome in burn patients who have passed a spontaneous breathing trial. Burns. 2013;39(2):236-42.) |
125 |
Extubation failure: 44 (27 - 70.4) Extubation success: 38 (34 - 43.6) |
Extubation failure: 20 (13.3 - 28) Extubation success:6 (4 - 7) |
Voluntary (coached) |
Mini-Wright peak flow meter |
Reintubation within 48 hours |
No |
No |
Smina et al.(1818 Smina M, Salam A, Khamiees M, Gada P, Amoateng-Adjepong Y, Manthous CA. Cough peak flows and extubation outcomes. Chest. 2003;124(1):262-8.) |
115 |
Extubation failure: 62.5 ± 5.8 Extubation success: 64.1 ± 1.7 |
Extubation failure: 3.7 ± 0.1 Extubation success: 3.3 ± 0.2 |
Voluntary (coached) |
Peak flow meter (nonspecified model) |
Reintubation within 72 hours |
No |
Yes |
Beuret et al.(1919 Beuret P, Roux C, Auclair A, Nourdine K, Kaaki M, Carton M. Interest of an objective evaluation of cough during weaning from mechanical ventilation. Intensive Care Med. 2009;35(6):1090-3.) |
130 |
Extubation failure: 70 ± 16 Extubation success: 62 ± 17 |
Extubation failure: 9.5 (7 - 18) Extubation success: 8 (4 - 16) |
Voluntary (coached) |
Pocket spirometer (Piko-1) |
Reintubation within 48 hours |
Yes, NIV |
Yes |
Salam et al.(2020 Salam A, Tilluckdharry L, Amoateng-Adjepong Y, Manthous CA. Neurologic status, cough, secretions and extubation outcomes. Intensive Care Med. 2004;30(7):1334-9.) |
88 |
Extubation failure: 62.0 ± 4.7 Extubation success: 62.4 ± 1.9 |
Extubation failure: 6.3 ± 1.9 Extubation success: 5.6 ± 0.6 |
Voluntary (coached) |
Pneumotachograph (Aztech peak flow meter) |
Reintubation within 72hours |
No |
No |
Duan et al.(2323 Duan J, Han X, Huang S, Bai L. Noninvasive ventilation for avoidance of reintubation in patients with various cough strength. Crit Care. 2016;20(1):316.) |
356 |
CPF ≤ 70L/minute (NIV): 73 ± 12 CPF ≤ 70L/minute (Control): 74 ± 13 CPF > 70L/minute (NIV): 67 ± 14 CPF > 70L/minute (Control): 58 ± 19 |
CPF ≤ 70L/minute (NIV): 8 ± 12 CPF ≤ 70L/minute (Control): 7 ± 5 CPF > 70L/minute (NIV): 7 ± 5 CPF > 70L/minute (Control): 5 ± 4 |
Voluntary (coached) |
Spirometer (Chest- graph HI-101) |
Reintubation within 72hours |
Yes, NIV |
No |
Su et al.(3434 Su WL, Chen YH, Chen CW, Yang SH, Su CL, Perng WC, et al. Involuntary cough strength and extubation outcomes for patients in an ICU. Chest. 2010;137(4):777-82.) |
150 |
Extubation failure: 68.0 (20.0 - 88.0) Extubation success: 66.0 (20.0 - 95.0) |
Extubation failure: 4.5 (3.0 - 28.0) Extubation success: 4.0 (3.0 - 24.0) |
Involuntary (saline instillation) |
Hand-held respiratory mechanics monitor (nonspecified model) |
Reintubation until hospital discharge |
No |
Yes |
Duan et al.(3535 Duan J, Liu J, Xiao M, Yang X, Wu J, Zhou L. Voluntary is better than involuntary cough peak flow for predicting re-intubation after scheduled extubation in cooperative subjects. Respir Care. 2014;59(11):1643-51.) |
115 |
Extubation failure: 73.95 ± 15.43 Extubation success: 68.42 ± 15.12 |
Extubation failure: 9.58 ± 5.84 Extubation success: 5.80 ± 5.55 |
Voluntary and Involuntary (saline instillation) |
Spirometer (Chest- graph HI-101) |
Reintubation within 72hours |
Yes, VNI |
Yes |
Duan et al.(3636 Duan J, Zhou L, Xiao M, Liu J, Yang X. Semiquantitative cough strength score for predicting reintubation after planned extubation. Am J Crit Care. 2015;24(6):e86-90.) |
186 |
Extubation failure: 73.6 ± 14.0 Extubation success: 68.3 ± 16.0 |
Extubation failure: 8.6 (5.3) Extubation success: 7.4 (10.5) |
Voluntary (coached) |
Spirometer (Chest- graph HI-101) |
Reintubation within 72hours |
No |
Yes |
Kutchak et al.(3737 Kutchak FM, Debesaitys AM, Rieder MM, Meneguzzi C, Skueresky AS, Forgiarini Junior LA, et al. Reflex cough as predictor of successful extubation in neurological subjects. J Bras Pneumol. 2015;41(4):358-64.) |
135 |
Extubation failure: 73.95 ± 15.43 Extubation success: 68.42 ± 15.12 |
Extubation failure: 11.46 ± 6.26 Extubation success: 7.21 ± 4.85 |
Involuntary (saline instillation and catheter) |
Spirometer (Chest- graph HI-101) |
Reintubation within 48 hours |
No |
Yes |
Bai et al.(3838 Bai L, Duan J. Use of cough peak flow measured by a ventilator to predict re-intubation when a spirometer is unavailable. Respir Care. 2017;62(5):566-71.) |
126 |
Extubation failure: 77 ± 13 Extubation success: 66 ± 14 |
Extubation failure: 9.3 ± 4.4 Extubation success: 4.9 ± 4.1 |
Voluntary (coached) |
Mechanical ventilator display (PB840, Covidien) and Spirometer (Chest- graph HI-101) |
Reintubation within 72hours |
No |
Yes |
Gobert et al.(3939 Gobert F, Yonis H, Tapponnier R, Fernandez R, Labaune MA, Burle JF, et al. Predicting extubation outcome by cough peak flow measured using a built-in ventilator flow meter. Respir Care. 2017;62(12):1505-19.) |
92 |
Extubation failure: 71 (65 - 78) Extubation success: 69 (60 - 75) |
Extubation failure: 8 (5 - 11) Extubation success: 4 (3 - 11) |
Voluntary (coached) |
Built-in flow meter (hot wire technology, Spirlog, EvitaXL, Drager) |
Reintubation within 48 hours |
Yes, NIV and MI-E |
No |
Xiao et al.(4040 Xiao M, Duan J. Weaning attempts, cough strength and albumin are independent risk factors of reintubation in medical patients. Clin Respir J. 2018;12(3):1240-6.) |
139 |
Extubation failure: 77 ± 11 Extubation success: 63 ± 19 |
Extubation failure: 9.0 ± 5.6 Extubation success: 5.7 ± 4.3 |
Voluntary (coached) |
Spirometer (Chest- graph HI-101) |
Reintubation within 72hours |
No |
No |