Population density and tillering of andropogon grass submitted to different cutting heights

Silva, Paulo Ribeiro da; Oliveira, Maria Elizabete; Silva, Ivone Rodrigues da; Araújo, Daniel Louçana de; Costa, Jandson Vieira; Costa, Clésio dos Santos; Moura, Rosianne Mendes de Andrade da Silva

doi:10.1590/S1519-99402121092020

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Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal

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Forestry and Grassland • Rev. bras. saúde prod. anim. 21 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-99402121092020 copy

Population density and tillering of andropogon grass submitted to different cutting heights

Densidade populacional e perfilhamento de capim-andropógon submetido a diferentes alturas de corte

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the tillering dynamics and population density of Andropogon gayanus cv. Planaltina, submitted to different cutting heights during the dry and rainy season. A randomized block design was adopted in a split plot scheme. In the main plot, the three cutting heights (10, 20, and 30 cm) were allocated, while the subplots included the following periods: dry (October, November, and December) and rainy (April, May, and June). During the dry period at the height of 10 cm, there was a higher population density of tillers, with 1298.44 tillers m^-2. The appearance rate was higher in October for heights of 10 and 30 cm and in December for 20 cm. The 10-cm height provided a higher mortality rate. The survival rate and the stability index were higher in October, with 88.47% and 1.38, respectively. In the rainy season, specifically June, the pasture had a higher height (130.06 cm). The rate of appearance and the stability index were higher in April and during June there was greater mortality, while at the 20-cm height, there was less mortality and greater survival (85.71%) of the tillers. The 20-cm cut height provides a higher survival rate and lower mortality rate of andropogon grass in the dry and rainy season.

Keywords:
Andropogon gayanus; mortality; pasture; tiller; survival

Heights (cm)	Months			Average	SEM ^ SEM= standard error of the mean	p-value
Heights (cm)	Oct	Nov	Dec	Average	SEM ^ SEM= standard error of the mean	Hei	Months	Hei ^* * Means followed by equal capital letters in the lines and lowercase letters in the columns, do not differ by the Tukey test at 5% significance. Mon
	PDvT (tillers m^-2) ¹ 1 PDvT= Population density of vegetative tillers; HEI=heights.
10	1284,00	1308,66	1302,66	1298,44a	58,896	0,0006	0,9873	0,9989
20	945,33	994,00	992,66	977,33b
30	833,33	815,16	801,83	816,77b
Average	1020,88A	1039,27A	1032,38A
	HEI (cm)
10	28,61	51,42	61,75	47,26a	2,786	0,9409	0,0002	0,8581
20	31,54	55,08	55,76	47,46a
30	37,83	53,37	56,15	49,12a
Average	32,66B	53,29A	57,89A

Heigths (cm)	Months			Average	SEM ^* * SEM = standard error of the mean; 1TAR = tiller appearance rate; MRbT = mortality rate of basal tillers; TSR = tiller survival rate	p-value
	Oct	Nov	Dec	Average		Hei	Months	Hei*Mon
	TAR (%)¹
10	85,30Aa	10,21Ba	0,96Bb	43,44	5,87	0,0547	<0,0001	<0,0001
20	18,35Bb	4,03 Ba	75.97Aa	39,07
30	75,97Aa	3,21Ba	0,46Bb	31,58
Average	58,37	6,27	38,3
	MRbT (%)
10	84,48Aa	82,89Aa	84,48Aa	83,95	3,992	<0,0001	<0,0001	<0,0001
20	71,76A	43,53B	71,76A	62,35
30	76,83Aa	19,12Bc	17,57Bb	37,84
Average	77,69	48,51	57,94
	TSR (%)
10	84,62Aa	17,MBb	15,5 IBa	39,08	4,666	<0,0001	<0,0001	0,0043
20	93,47Aa	56,46Ba	28,23Ca	59,39
30	87,31 Aa	19,12Bb	23,16Ba	43,2
Average	88,47	30,9	22,3

Stability index
Heigths (cm)	Months			Average	SEM ^* * SEM = standard error of the mean	p-value
Heigths (cm)	Oct	Nov	Dec	Average	SEM ^* * SEM = standard error of the mean	Hei	Months	Hei ^* * SEM = standard error of the mean Mon
10	1,56Aa	0,27Bb	0,21Ba	0,8	0,082	0,0686	<0,0001	<0,0001
20	1,05Ab	0,57Ba	0,48Ba	0,706
30	1,53Aa	0,17Bb	0,15Ba	0,676
Average	1,38	0,36	0,302

PDvT (Tillers m^-2) ¹ 1 PDvT= Population density of vegetative tillers; HEI=heights.
Heigths (cm)	Months			Average ^* * Means followed by equal capital letters in the lines and lowercase letters in the columns, do not differ by the Tukey test at 5% significance.	SEM ^ SEM= standard error of the mean	p-value
Heigths (cm)	Apr	May	Jun		SEM ^ SEM= standard error of the mean	Hei	Months	Hei*Mon
10	478	511,33	526,66	505,33a	21,118	0,0779	0,5782	0,9987
20	386	420	444	416,66a
30	486,66	500	514	500,22a
Average	450,22A	477,11^a	494,88A
HEI (cm)
10	59,25	87,91	92,22	79,79b	6,581	<0,0001	0,0002	0,7969
20	78,52	119,68	121,45	106,55b
30	112,81	170,34	176,51	153,22a
Average	83,53b	125,98^a	130,06a

Heights (cm)	Months			Average	SEM ^* * SEM = standard error of the mean; 1TAR = tiller appearance rate; MRbT = mortality rate of basal tillers; TSR = tiller survival rate	p-value
Heights (cm)	Apr	May	Jun	Average		Hei	Months	Hei*Mon
	TAR (%)¹
10	40,61Aa	7,71Ba	3,98Ba	17,43	2,18	0,2617	<0,0001	0,0293
20	25,61Aa	16,08ABa	6,49Ba	16,06
30	29,75Aa	2,91Ba	4,81Ba	12,94
Average	31,99	16,06	12,94
	MRbT (%)
10	12,12	35,65	37,74	28,50a	2,177	0,0042	<0,0001	0,6591
20	6,10	18,69	18,81	14,53b
30	5,01	27,98	26,99	19,99ab
Average	7,74B	27,44^a	27,84A
	TSR (%)
10	87,88	64,34	62,25	71,49b	2,173	0,0019	0,0512	0,667
20	94,64	81,31	81,18	85,71a
30	94,98	72,01	73,01	80,00ab
Average	92,50A	72,55B	72,15B

Stability index
Heights (cm)	Months			Average	SEM ^* * SEM = standard error of the mean;	p-value
Heights (cm)	Apr	May	Jun	Average	SEM ^* * SEM = standard error of the mean;	Hei	Months	Hei*Mon
10	1,22	0,68	0,64	0,87b	0,035	0,0350	<0,0001	0,1558
20	1,18	0,83	0,86	0,96a
30	1,23	0,74	0,76	0,91ab
Average	1,21A	0,75B	0,75B

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[TFN1] ¹
PDvT= Population density of vegetative tillers; HEI=heights.

[TFN2] ^*
Means followed by equal capital letters in the lines and lowercase letters in the columns, do not differ by the Tukey test at 5% significance.

[TFN3] ^**
SEM= standard error of the mean