Trend of morbidity and mortality indicators due to acute diarrheal disease in children under five years old in the State of Piauí (2000–2019)

Costa, Rafael Everton Assunção Ribeiro da; Visgueira, Ana Raquel Lopes; Sousa, Ranieri Flávio Viana de; Monteiro, Kerla Joeline Lima; Horta, Marco Aurelio Pereira; Oliveira, Beatriz Fátima Alves de

doi:10.1590/1806-9304202300000120-en

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev. Bras. Saúde Mater. Infant. 23 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9304202300000120-en copy

Trend of morbidity and mortality indicators due to acute diarrheal disease in children under five years old in the State of Piauí (2000–2019)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objectives:

to analyze the trend of morbidity and mortality indicators due to acute diarrheal diseases in children under five years old in Piauí.

Methods:

ecological study with data from the Information Technology Department at the Public Health System. The indicators of hospitalization rate and coefficient of mortality from the disease between 2000 and 2019 were calculated. A descriptive analysis of the indicators was carried out in the studied period and by the macro-regions in the State. For trend analysis, the simple linear regression model with log-transformation was used. Trends were classified as increasing, decreasing and stable, with a significance level of 5%.

Results:

the average on hospitalization rate was higher in the semi-arid macro-region (36.6/1000 children under five years old) and lower in Teresina (14.9/1000 children under five years old). The mean mortality coefficients were higher in the coastal macro-region (0.98/1000 live births) and lower in Teresina (0.47/1000 live births). The indicators showed a downward trend in all analyzed locations (p<0.05). A turning point was noted from 2009, with a significant reduction in hospitalization rates in the savanna and semi-arid macro-regions.

Conclusion:

indicators of morbidity and mortality due to acute diarrheal diseases in children under five years old showed a downward trend in Piauí between 2000 and 2019, with differences in trends between the evaluated macro-regions.

Key words:
Spatio-temporal analysis; Indicators of morbidity and mortality; Diarrhea; Health status indicators; Child health

	Hospitalization rate per 1000 children under-five
	X̄ ± SD	Minimum	Maximum
State of Piauí	25.3 ± 9.5	9.2	38.7
City Capital of Teresina	14.9 ± 9.6	1.9	32.5
Savanna Macro-region	27.5 ± 9.4	12.5	46.4
Coastal Macro-region	24.5 ± 9.1	10.7	37.5
Mid-North Macro-region	19.6 ± 9.0	6.4	33.8
Semi-arid Macro-region	36.6 ± 13.4	9.9	53.8

	Mortality rate per 1000 live births
	X̄ ± SD	Minimum	Maximum
State of Piauí	0.78 ± 0.56	0.10	1.72
City Capital of Teresina	0.47 ± 0.45	0,000	1.39
Savanna Macro-region	0.85 ± 0.59	0.22	2.13
Coastal Macro-region	0.98 ± 0.81	0,000	2.58
Mid-North Macro-region	0.57 ± 0.49	0,000	1.43
Semi-arid Macro-region	0.96 ± 0.63	0,000	2.16

Period	Model ln(Y) = β 0 + β 1x	Trend	p
Hospitalization Rat
State of Piauí	2000-2019	ln(Y) = 3.14 + (-0,069x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = 3.34 + (-0,029x)	Decreasing	0,003
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = 3.34 + (-0,116x)	Decreasing	<0,001
City capital of Teresina	2000-2019	ln(Y) = 2.43 + (-0,133x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = 2.68 + (-0,082x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = 2.68 + (-0,193x)	Decreasing	<0,001
Savanna Macro-region	2000-2019	ln(Y) = 3.25 + (-0,047x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = 3.45 + (-0,008x)	Stable	0,610
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = 3.45 + (-0,095x)	Decreasing	<0,001
Coastal Macro-region	2000-2019	ln(Y) = 3.12 + (-0,067x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = 3.27 + (-0,035x)	Decreasing	0,001
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = 3.27 + (-0,105x)	Decreasing	<0,001
Mid-North Macro-region	2000-2019	ln(Y) = 2.86 + (-0,085x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = 2.99 + (-0,056x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = 2.99 + (-0,119x)	Decreasing	<0,001
Semi-arid Macro-region	2000-2019	ln(Y) = 3.50 + (-0,072x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = 3.83 + (-0,004x)	Stable	0,778
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = 3.83 + (-0,151x)	Decreasing	<0,001
Mortality coefficient
State of Piauí	2000-2019	ln(Y) = -0.56+ (-0,139x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = -0.49 + (-0,127x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = -0.49 + (-0,153x)	Decreasing	<0,001
City capital of Teresina	2000-2019	ln(Y) = -1.25 + (-0,172x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = -1.29 + (-0,180x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = -1.29 + (-0,160x)	Decreasing	0,005
Savanna Macro-region	2000-2019	ln(Y) = -0.41 + (-0,097x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = -0.41 + (-0,098x)	Decreasing	0,034
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = -0.41 + (-0,096x)	Stable	0,061
Coastal Macro-region	2000-2019	ln(Y) = -0.37 + (-0,149x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = -0.39 + (-0,153x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = -0.39 + (-0,142x)	Decreasing	<0,001
Mid-North Macro-region	2000-2019	ln(Y) = -0.98 + (-0,161x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = -0.93 + (-0,150x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = -2.15 + (-0,176x)	Decreasing	<0,001
Semi-arid Macro-region	2000-2019	ln(Y) = -0.24 + (-0,108x)	Decreasing	<0,001
	2000-2009	ln(Y) = -0.33 + (-0,126x)	Decreasing	0,001
	2010-2019	ln(Y) = -0.33 + (-0,087x)	Decreasing	0,027

Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira Rua dos Coelhos, 300. Boa Vista, 50070-550 Recife PE Brasil, Tel./Fax: +55 81 2122-4141 - Recife - PR - Brazil
E-mail: revista@imip.org.br

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[1] Associated Editor: Karla Bomfim