Metazoan endoparasites of <i>Acestrorhynchus lacustris</i> (Actinopterygii: Acestrorhynchidae) from lagoons bordering the upper and middle São Francisco river basin, Brazil

Duarte, Rayane; Santos-Clapp, Michelle Daniele dos; Brasil-Sato, Marilia de Carvalho

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612022023

Rayane Duarte

Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil

Laboratório de Biologia e Ecologia de Parasitos, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2412-887X

Michelle Daniele dos Santos-Clapp

Laboratório de Biologia e Ecologia de Parasitos, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil

Marilia de Carvalho Brasil-Sato

Laboratório de Biologia e Ecologia de Parasitos, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil

*Corresponding author: Rayane Duarte. E-mail: rayaneduarte20394@hotmail.com

Figures (2)
Tables (5)

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Figure 1
Collection areas (lagoons) for Acestrorhynchus lacustris in the region of the upper São Francisco river basin, state of Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil.

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Figure 2
Collection areas (lagoons) for Acestrorhynchus lacustris in the region of the middle São Francisco river basin, states of Minas Gerais (MG) and Bahia (BA), Brazil.

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Table 1
Localities from which Acestrorhynchus lacustris was collected, from lagoons in the upper and middle São Francisco river basin, states of Minas Gerais (MG) and Bahia (BA), Brazil.

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Table 2
Numbers and sizes of Acestrorhynchus lacustris collected from lagoons bordering the São Francisco river basin: total number – N; number of females – NF; number of males – NM; mean total length – MTL; and respective size ranges.

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Table 3
Occurrence of endoparasite species, deposition numbers of voucher specimens in CHIOC (Coleção Helmintológica do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz), their parasite indexes (prevalence - P; mean intensity - MI; mean abundance - MA; standard deviation - SD) and infection sites (abdominal cavity - AC; stomach - S; intestine - I; intestinal cecum - IC; liver - L), in Acestrorhynchus lacustris from lagoons bordering the upper and middle São Francisco river, states of Minas Gerais (MG) and Bahia (BA), Brazil.

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Table 4
Dominance frequency, shared dominance frequency, average relative dominance (standard deviation - SD), dispersion index with distribution pattern (< 1.00 - aggregated; > 1.00 - uniform; = 1.00 - random) and statistical d-test, regarding Acestrorhynchus lacustris collected from marginal lagoons in the upper and middle São Francisco river basin, states of Minas Gerais (MG) and Bahia (BA), Brazil.

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Table 5
Analysis on parasite indices, regarding possible influence of total length (r = Pearson's correlation coefficient; rs = Spearman rank correlation coefficient) and sex (X² = chi-square with Yates correction; F(p) = Fisher’s exact test; and U = Mann-Whitney U test), on Acestrorhynchus lacustris collected from the upper (Batatas lagoon, state of Minas Gerais, MG) and middle (Mocambo lagoon, state of Bahia, BA) São Francisco river basin, Brazil.

Localities (lagoons)	Coordinates	Municipality	Riverside bank
Upper
Porcos	19º59’31” S - 45º36’04” O	Lagoa da Prata/MG	Right
Batatas	19º59’09” S - 45º35’24” O	Lagoa da Prata/MG	Right
Feia	19º57’54” S - 45º34’22” O	Lagoa da Prata/MG	Right
Piranhas	19º48’09” S - 45º29’01” O	Moema/MG	Right
Silva Campos	18º58’18” S - 45º05’54” O	Pompéu/MG	Right
Middle
Grande	15º30’27” S - 44º17’04” O	Pedras de Maria Cruz/MG	Right
Curral de Varas	15º03’09” S - 44º02’00” O	Itacarambi/MG	Left
Mocambo	14º19’40” S - 43º43’37” O	Malhada/BA	Right

Collection localities (lagoons)	Collection period	N	NF	NM	MTL	Range
Upper
Porcos	September/2016	6	3	3	16.3	14.0 – 19.0
Batatas	September/2018	27	6	21	18.0	15.5 – 23.0
Feia	June/2011	7	6	1	24.8	23.0 – 29.0
Piranhas	June/2011	13	11	2	17.7	15.0 – 20.0
Silva Campos	October/2016	3	3	-	25.3	22.0 – 28.0
Middle
Middle
Grande	November/2008	12	7	5	20.4	16.0 – 26.0
Curral de Varas	October/2007	15	10	5	19.7	15.5 – 25.0
Mocambo	October/2007	23	13	10	20.8	15.0 – 26.0

Endoparasites species		CHIOC	Indexes			Site	Localities (lagoons)
Endoparasites species		CHIOC	P (%)	MI ± SD	MA ± SD	Site	Localities (lagoons)
Platyhelminthes (Larvae)
	Clinostomidae
	Clinostomum sp. (metacercaria)	39106	8.00	1.00	0.08 ± 0.29	AC	Grande	Middle
	Proteocephalidae
	Proteocephalidae gen. sp. (plerocercoids)	.	100	101.70 ± 75.48	101.70 ± 75.48	AC; IC	Porcos	Upper
		.	22.00	20.83 ± 12.86	4.63 ± 10.09	AC; IC	Batatas	Upper
		.	100	224.30 ± 149.87	224.30 ± 149.87	AC; IC	Feia	Upper
		39123	77.0	420.00 ± 221.16	323.10 ± 265.72	AC; IC	Piranhas	Upper
		.	33.00	10.00	3.33 ± 5.77	AC; IC	Silva Campos	Upper
		.	100	281.70 ± 137.70	281.70 ± 137.70	AC; IC	Grande	Middle
		39122	100	858.60 ± 699.94	858.60 ± 699.94	AC; IC	Curral de Varas	Middle
		39124	87.00	187.00 ± 135.03	162.61 ± 141.04	AC; IC	Mocambo	Middle
Acanthocephala (Juveniles)
	Quadrigyridae
	Quadrigyrus sp.	.	4.00	1.00	0.04 ± 0.19	AC	Batatas	Upper
Nematoda (Larvae)
	Acanthocheilidae
	Brevimulticaecum sp.	39107	4.00	1.00	0.04 ± 0.21	AC	Mocambo	Middle
	Anisakidae
	Contracaecum sp. Type1	39150	33.00	15.50 ± 13.44	5.17 ± 10.01	AC	Porcos	Upper
		39152	85.00	5.43 ± 4.91	4.63 ± 4.95	AC	Batatas	Upper
		39151	100	14.57 ± 24.76	14.57 ± 24.76	AC	Feia	Upper
		39145	100	11.69 ± 6.13	11.69 ± 6.13	AC	Piranhas	Upper
		39146	100	8.33 ± 6.66	8.33 ± 6.66	AC	Silva Campos	Upper
		39149	67.00	1.75 ± 0.71	1.17 ± 1.03	AC	Grande	Middle
		39147	53.00	1.63 ± 1.06	0.87 ± 1.13	AC	Curral de Varas	Middle
		39148	87.00	15.00 ± 17.31	13.04 ± 16.90	AC; IC; L	Mocambo	Middle
	Contracaecum sp. Type2	39143	4.00	1.00	0.04 ± 0.19	AC	Batatas	Upper
		39144	14.00	1.00	0.14 ± 0.38	AC	Feia	Upper
		39141	8.00	1.00	0.08 ± 0.28	AC	Piranhas	Upper
		39140	33.00	1.00	0.33 ± 0.58	AC	Silva Campos	Upper
		30139	17.00	1.00	0.17 ± 0.39	AC	Grande	Middle
		39142	7.00	1.00	0.07 ± 0.26	AC	Curral de Varas	Middle
	Hysterothylacium sp.	39128	44.00	3.92 ± 4.58	1.74 ± 3.58	AC	Batatas	Upper
		.	14.00	3.00	0.43 ± 1.13	AC	Feia	Upper
		39126	33.00	1.00	0.33 ± 0.58	AC	Silva Campos	Upper
		39127	20.00	1.33 ± 0.58	0.27 ± 0.59	AC; S	Curral de Varas	Middle
		39125	9.00%	2.50 ± 2.12	0.22 ± 0.85	AC	Mocambo	Middle
	Gnathostomatidae
	Gnathostoma sp.	39108	7.00	1.00	0.07 ± 0.26	S	Curral de Varas	Middle
	Spiroxys sp.	39130	59.00	2.56 ± 2.19	1.52 ± 2.10	AC	Batatas	Upper
		39129	33.00	3.00	1.00 ± 1.73	AC	Silva Campos	Upper
		39132	7.00	1.00	0.07 ± 0.26	AC	Curral de Varas	Middle
		39131	39.00	2.56 ± 2.24	1.00 ± 1.86	AC; IC	Mocambo	Middle
Nematoda (juvenile/adult)
	Capillariidae
	Freitascapillaria sp.	39109	14.00	1.00	0.14 ± 0.38	AC	Feia	Upper
	Paracapillaria piscicola	39110	14.00	2.00	0.29 ± 0.76	AC	Feia	Upper
	Capillariidae gen. sp.	39111; 39112	29.00	1.00	0.29 ± 0.49	S; AC	Feia	Upper
	Camallanidae
	Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) hilarii	39117; 39118	26.00	2.00 ± 0.82	0.52 ± 0.98	S; I; IC	Batatas	Upper
	Procamallanus (S.) inopinatus	39138	4.00	1.00	0.04 ± 0.19	I	Batatas	Upper
		.	14.00	1.00	0.14 ± 0.38	I	Feia	Upper
		39133; 39134	33.00	2.00	0.67 ± 1.15	I	Silva Campos	Upper
		39137	17.00	2.00 ± 1.41	0.33 ± 0.89	IC	Grande	Middle
		39136	13.00	1.50 ± 0.71	0.20 ± 0.56	I	Curral de Varas	Middle
		39135	4.00	1.00	0.04 ± 0.21	IC	Mocambo	Middle
	Procamallanus (S.) saofranciscencis	39115	8.00	3.00	0.25 ± 0.87	I	Grande	Middle
	Procamallanus (S.) saofranciscencis	39116	22.00	2.00 ± 1.00	0.43 ± 0.95	I; IC	Mocambo	Middle
	Guyanemidae
	Travassosnema travassosi paranaensis	39155	100	10.17 ± 6.88	10.17 ± 6.88	AC	Porcos	Upper
		39161	74.00	5.25 ± 2.84	3.89 ± 3.38	AC	Batatas	Upper
		39158a; 39158b	100	9.86 ± 11.99	9.86 ± 11.99	AC	Feia	Upper
		39156	92.00	11.33 ± 7.08	10.46 ± 7.47	AC	Piranhas	Upper
		39153	100	3.33 ± 1.53	3.33 ± 1.53	AC	Silva Campos	Upper
		39154a; 39154b	92.00	3.82 ± 2.60	3.50 ± 2.71	AC	Grande	Middle
		39159; 39160	80.00	6.17 ± 6.26	4.93 ± 6.11	AC	Curral de Varas	Middle
		39157	52.00	5.17 ± 4.34	2.70 ± 4.05	AC; IC	Mocambo	Middle
	Cystidicolidae
	Cystidicoloides fischeri	39121	7.00	7.00 ± 1.41	0.52 ± 1.89	AC	Batatas	Upper
		39120	29.00	3.00 ± 1.41	0.86 ± 1.57	AC; IC	Feia	Upper
		39119	9.00	1.00	0.09 ± 0.29	IC; AC	Mocambo	Middle
	Spinitectus rodolphiheringi	39113; 39114	67.00	2.50 ± 0.71	1.67 ± 1.53	AC; S	Silva Campos	Upper

Endoparasites species		Dominance Frequency	Shared Dominance Frequency	Average Relative Dominance ± SD	Dispersion Index			Localities (lagoons)
Endoparasites species		Dominance Frequency	Shared Dominance Frequency	Average Relative Dominance ± SD	Value	Distribution	Statistical d-test	Localities (lagoons)
Platyhelminthes (Larvae)
	Proteocephalidae
	Proteocephalidae gen. sp. (plerocercoids)	6	0	0.878 ± 0.063	56.03	Aggregated	20.67*	Porcos	Upper
		5	0	0.134 ± 0.270	21.98	Aggregated	26.67*	Batatas	Upper
		7	0	0.850 ± 0.146	100.15	Aggregated	31.35*	Feia	Upper
		10	0	0.715 ± 0.411	218.54	Aggregated	99.46*	Piranhas	Upper
		0	0	0.104 ± 0.180	10.00	Aggregated	4.59*	Silva Campos	Upper
		12	0	0.976 ± 0.018	67.32	Aggregated	33.90*	Grande	Middle
		15	0	0.985 ± 0.014	570.59	Aggregated	121.20*	Curral de Varas	Middle
		20	0	0.789 ± 0.322	122.34	Aggregated	66.81*	Mocambo	Middle
Nematoda (Larvae)
	Anisakidae
	Contracaecum sp. Type1	0	0	0.027 ± 0.042	19.39	Aggregated	10.92*	Porcos	Upper
		7	2	0.338 ± 0.313	5.30	Aggregated	9.46*	Batatas	Upper
		0	0	0.044 ± 0.047	42.07	Aggregated	19.15*	Feia	Upper
		0	0	0.089 ± 0.143	3.21	Aggregated	3.99*	Piranhas	Upper
		2	0	0.408 ± 0.096	5.32	Aggregated	2.88*	Silva Campos	Upper
		0	0	0.007 ± 0.009	0.91	Uniform	0.11	Grande	Middle
		0	0	0.002 ± 0.003	1.46	Aggregated	1.20	Curral de Varas	Middle
		2	0	0.138 ± 0262	21.90	Aggregated	24.48*	Mocambo	Middle
	Contracaecum sp. Type2	0	0	0.000 ± 0.001	1.00	Random	0.15	Feia	Upper
		0	0	0.010 ± 0.018	1.00	Random	0.27	Silva Campos	Upper
		0	0	0.000 ± 0.001	0.91	Uniform	0.11	Grande	Middle
	Hysterothylacium sp.	2	0	0.044 ± 0.077	7.36	Aggregated	12.42*	Batatas	Upper
		0	0	0.001 ± 0.003	3.00	Aggregated	2.68*	Feia	Upper
		0	0	0.026 ± 0.44	1.00	Random	0.27	Silva Campos	Upper
		0	0	0.001 ± 0.001	1.32	Aggregated	0.89	Curral de Varas	Middle
	Gnathostomatidae
	Spiroxys sp.	2	0	0.121 ± 0.201	2.91	Aggregated	5.15*	Batatas	Upper
		0	0	0.031 ± 0.054	3.00	Aggregated	1.73	Silva Campos	Upper
		0	0	0.006 ± 0.011	3.45	Aggregated	5.77*	Mocambo	Middle
Nematoda (juvenile/adult)
	Capillariidae
	Freitascapillaria sp.	0	0	0.002 ± 0.004	1.00	Random	0.15	Feia	Upper
	Paracapillaria piscicola	0	0	0.002 ± 0.004	2.00	Aggregated	1.58	Feia	Upper
	Capillariidae gen. sp.	0	0	0.001 ± 0.002	0.83	Uniform	0.15	Feia	Upper
	Camallanidae
	Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) hilarii	0	0	0.030 ± 0.076	1.84	Aggregated	2.63*	Batatas	Upper
	Procamallanus (S.) inopinatus	0	0	0.001 ± 0.002	1.00	Random	0.15	Feia	Upper
		0	0	0.056 ± 0.096	2.00	Aggregated	1.10	Silva Campos	Upper
		0	0	0.002 ± 0.004	2.36	Aggregated	2.63^* * significance value > 1.96	Grande	Middle
		0	0	0.001 ± 0.002	1.57	Aggregated	1.44	Curral de Varas	Middle
	Procamallanus (S.) saofranciscencis	0	0	0.004 ± 0.012	2.05	Aggregated	2.95*	Mocambo	Middle
	Guyanemidae
	Travassosnema travassosi paranaensis	0	0	0.095 ± 0.036	4.66	Aggregated	3.83*	Porcos	Upper
		9	2	0.326 ± 0.277	2.93	Aggregated	5.21*	Batatas	Upper
		0	0	0.097 ± 0.146	14.59	Aggregated	9.91*	Feia	Upper
		3	0	0.119 ± 0.218	5.33	Aggregated	6.52*	Piranhas	Upper
		1	0	0.232 ± 0.162	0.70	Uniform	0.06	Silva Campos	Upper
		0	0	0.015 ± 0.012	2.10	Aggregated	2.22*	Grande	Middle
		0	0	0.012 ± 0.012	7.57	Aggregated	9.36*	Curral de Varas	Middle
		0	0	0.020 ± 0.029	6.09	Aggregated	9.81*	Mocambo	Middle
	Cystidicolidae
	Cystidicoloides fischeri	0	0	0.002 ± 0.004	2.89	Aggregated	2.57*	Feia	Upper
	Spinitectus rodolphiheringi	0	0	0.132 ± 0.119	1.40	Aggregated	0.63	Silva Campos	Upper

Endoparasites species		Total length				Sex					Localities (lagoons)
		Prevalence		Abundance		Prevalence			Abundance
		r	p	rs	p	X²	P	F (p)	U	p
Platyhelminthes (Larvae)
	Proteocephalidae
	Proteocephalidae gen. sp. (plerocercoids)	-0.473	0.343	-0.288	0.145	0.003	0.095	>0.999	52.50	0.358	Batatas	Upper
	Proteocephalidae gen. sp. (plerocercoids)	-0.354	0.492	-0.256	0.239	0.145	0.704	>0.999	46.00	0.247	Mocambo	Middle
Nematoda (Larvae)
	Anisakidae
	Contracaecum sp. Type1	0.401	0.430	0.158	0.430	0.018	0.895	>0.999	48.50	0.410	Batatas	Upper
	Contracaecum sp. Type1	0.282	0.589	0.669	0.001*	2.230	0.135	0.069	19.00	0.003^* * significant values (significance level p < 0.05).	Mocambo	Middle
	Hysterothylacium sp.	-0.774	0.071	-0.460	0.016*	1.181	0.277	0.182	36.50	0.105	Batatas	Upper
	Gnathostomatidae
	Spiroxys sp.	-0.556	0.252	-0.033	0.869	0.003	0.958	0.662	59.00	0.837	Batatas	Upper
	Spiroxys sp.	-0.676	0.140	-0.346	0.106	0.006	0.940	>0.999	64.50	>0.999	Mocambo	Middle
Nematoda (juvenile/adult)
	Camallanidae
	Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) hilarii	-0.545	0.296	-0.068	0.738	0.003	0.953	>0.999	53.00	0.411	Batatas	Upper
	Procamallanus (S.) saofranciscencis	-0.353	0.493	-0.026	0.905	0.472	0.492	0.339	51.50	0.254	Mocambo	Middle
	Guyanemidae
	Travassosnema travassosi paranaensis	-0.056	0.916	-0.006	0.977	0.220	0.639	0.633	56.60	0.717	Batatas	Upper
	Travassosnema travassosi paranaensis	-0.071	0.894	0.328	0.127	0.365	0.546	0.414	50.00	0.337	Mocambo	Middle

[1] *Corresponding author: Rayane Duarte. E-mail: rayaneduarte20394@hotmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Metazoan endoparasites of Acestrorhynchus lacustris (Actinopterygii: Acestrorhynchidae) from lagoons bordering the upper and middle São Francisco river basin, Brazil

Metazoários endoparasitos de Acestrorhynchus lacustris (Actinopterygii: Acestrorhynchidae) de lagoas marginais da bacia do alto e médio rio São Francisco, Brasil

Abstract