Imatinib is currently the treatment of choice of CML, but despite of the excellent results, it is not able to completely eradicate the disease and resistance may occur. The most studied mechanism is the presence of ABL kinase mutations that interfere with imatinib binding and action, gene amplification and clonal evolution. However, there are other mechanisms involved and less studied such as drug absorption and influx and efflux of imatinib. Besides the true causes of resistance, compliance is always a concern and also drug interaction should be checked. An understanding of these mechanisms will certainly contribute to develop new strategies for the treatment of resistant cases.
Chronic myeloid leukemia; imatinib; resistance; treatment failure