Imatinib mesylate (MI), a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor involved in the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), has become the first-line treatment for this disease. Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) has been considered as the standard treatment for relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), even though it is frequently associated with graft versus host disease and myelosuppression. Because of the satisfactory results and tolerance of the treatment of CML, the authors used MI as an alternative therapy for DLI in patients that relapsed after BMT. They obtained cytogenetic remission in two cases, with, in one case, proven conversion to the donor chimera. The third case evolved with progression of the disease and a second BMT was required. Since this is a new alternative, this descriptive study suggests it should be considered as an alternative therapy for relapse after BMT.
Chronic myeloid leukemia; treatment; relapse; bone marrow transplantation; imatinib mesylate
