Hereditary anaemias, which include hemoglobinopathies and thalassaemias, are genetically determined diseases. In most cases patients are asymptomatic and do not know about their genetic defect. In general, there is a deficit in the clinical and laboratorial investigations of these diseases that affect a significant number of Brazilians. The reporting of this case aims at highlighting the importance of precocious clinical-laboratorial diagnosis. This diagnosis is only possible if it is performed, by a qualified professional, using specific methodologies to elucidate the varying genetic interactions. A study of the affected families is an essential part of the diagnoses; many cases require genetic counseling to avoid transmission of these anomalies resulting in sick individuals who occasionally have short life expectancies.
Hereditary anaemia; haemoglobinopathies; thalassemias; genetic counselin
